엽록체 유전정보를 이용한 두류 유전자원 형태적 형질의 유전력 분석

유동수,최유미,왕샤오한,강만정,Dong Su Yu,Yu-Mi Choi,Xiaohan Wang,Manjung Kang 한국자원식물학회 2023 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.36 No.4

Developing and breeding improved legume-based food resources require collecting useful genetic traits with heritability even though requiring some time-consuming, costly, and labor intensive. We attempted to infer heritability of nine genetic traits-days to flowering, days to maturity, period from flowering to maturity, the number of seeds per pod, 100-seeds weight, and four contents such as crude protein, crude oil, crude fiber, and dietary fiber-using 455 homologous chloroplast gene sets of six species of legumes. Correlation analysis between genetic trait differences and phylogenetic distance of homologous gene sets revealed that days to flowering, the number of seeds per pod, and crude oil content were influenced by genetic factors rather than environmental factors by 62.86%, 69.45%, 57.14% of correlated genes (P-value ≤ 0.05) and days to maturity showed intermediate genetic effects by 62.42% (P-value ≤ 0.1). The period from flowering to maturity and 100-seeds weight showed different results compared to those of some previous studies, which may be attributed to highly complicated internal (epistatic or additive gene effects) and external effects (cultural environment and human behaviors). Despite being slightly unexpected, our results and method can widely contribute to analyze heritability by including genetic information on mitochondria, nuclear genome, and single nucleotide polymorphisms.

밀 유전자원의 농업형질과 SSR마커를 이용한 다양성 분석

신명재(Myoung-Jae Shin),오미애(Miae Oh),김경민(Kyung-Min Kim),왕샤오한(Xiaohan Wang),김성훈(Seong-Hoon Kim),한세희(Seahee Han),Kebede Taye Desta(Kebede Taye Desta ),최유미(Yu-Mi Choi),윤혜명(Hye-myeong Yoon),이윤정(Yoonjung Lee) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.4

Breeders typically use core collections of a specific trait or core collections selected by a few genotypes to efficiently select breeding materials or to study functional genes. As a result, many accessions have been deemed redundant or duplicated and are no longer considered for use. This study aimed to investigate the agronomical characteristics and genetic diversity of 1,514 previously unused and unstudied wheat germplasms and to confirm their value as breeding materials using population structure analysis. The performance of these wheat germplasms was compared with that of 8,878 wheat breeding materials and 72 known Korean wheat cultivars. The results of agronomic trait diversity comparison showed that the germplasm populations used for breeding research did not completely encompass the unused germplasm populations. The agronomic traits of wheat germplasms varied greatly. ANOVA and PCA results revealed the greatest differences in growth habits (CV=0.339), panicle length (CV=0.330), and awn length (CV=0.296). To accurately assess the value of unused wheat germplasms as breeding materials, 106 SSR markers were extracted from the analysis of four representative Korean cultivars: Geuru, Geumgang, Uri, and Jokyoung. Among these, 24 SSR markers were chosen, and 129 wheat resources were subjected to population structure analysis, which revealed five subpopulations. Most of the 34 germplasms that originated in Korea were distributed in subpopulation 1 (18 accessions, 52.9%) and subpopulation 4 (12 accessions, 35.3%). Subgroups 2, 3, and 5 differed significantly in agronomic traits and genotypes, indicating their potential as breeding materials. The findings of this study could serve as a foundation for breeders and aid in the discovery and utilization of new wheat breeding materials.

β-Carotene, Cucumisin Content and Fruit Morphology of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Germplasm Collections

김영지(Yeong-Jee Kim),황애진(Ae-Jin Hwang),노재종(Jae-Jong Noh),왕샤오한(Xiaohan Wang),이재은(Jae-Eun Lee),유은애(Eunae Yoo),이수경(Sookyeong Lee),황소정(Sojeong Hwang),김명곤(Myung-Kon Kim),노형준(Hyungjun Noh) 한국자원식물학회 2021 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.34 No.6

Melon fruits are a year-old plant in the family Cucurbitae and are the most cultivated fruit in tropical countries. Melon flesh is an important source of anti-cancer, antioxidant effects, attracting attention as a functional food. We investigated the morphological properties, β-carotene content, and cucumisin activity of seeds of 58 melon genetic resources. Melon resources have shown various morphological properties. Melons grouped by morphological properties were the five groups. β-carotene content varied between 82.34 ㎎/㎏, 86.75 ㎎/㎏, 25.56 ㎎/㎏, 86.25 ㎎/㎏, and 54.65 ㎎/ ㎏. Between β-carotene, cucumisin activity and other quantitative fruit morphological properties, the color of the pulp and the firmness of the pulp had a significant amount of correlation between the β-carotene content. However, cucumisin activity and β-carotene content had significant negative correlation, and the color of the fruit and shape of the fruit had significant negative correlation with β-carotene content and activity of cucumisin. Our study vindicated that high diversity in melon morphological characters of genetic sources that provide beneficial baseline data for the future and in the activity of β-carotene and cucumisin, and these results could predict indicators of β-carotene content by the length of leaf, the width of fruit, the length of joint, and the length of seed, and collectively the morphological properties of melons could help predict indicators of β-carotene content and help develop functional sarcoma and farmhouse cultivation.

Fluidigm 시스템을 이용한 고추 유전자원의 주요병 유전형 평가

금보라(Bora Geum),노나영(Na Young Ro),허온숙(On sook Hur),왕샤오한(Xiaohan Wang),최유미(Yu-Mi Choi),고호철(Hocheol Ko),이수경(Sukyeung Lee) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.4

In this study, genotype analysis was conducted using the Fluidigm system with 13 SNP markers related to anthracnose, powderymildew, phytophthora root rot, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potyvirus, and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) resistance. A total of 25,350 datapoints were obtained, 8.2% of which indicated resistance genotypes. Resources having perfect resistance genotype to each disease-related molecularmarker set were 58 accessions for anthracnose, 57 for powdery mildew, 246 for phytophthora root rot, and 765 for CMV. There was no resourcehaving a perfect resistance genotype of all three potyvirus-related molecular SNP markers including pvr1, pvr2 (123457), and pvr2 (689). Thirty-sevenaccessions for pvr1, 349 accessions for pvr2 (123457), and 23 accessions for pvr2 (689) were identified as resources with resistance genotype. No resource with the TMV-resistance genotype was found in this study. The resources with complex resistance genotypes of anthracnose and powderymildew were 55 accessions, and they were mainly Capsicum baccatum. Among these, seven accessions had a three-disease combined resistancegenotype with phytophthora root rot. Thirty-six accessions, 16 accessions, and nine accessions each had resistance genotypes of the three potyvirus-relatedmarkers. These resources also had CMV and phytophthora root rot resistance genotypes, and they were mainly Capsicum chinense. The statisticalanalysis considering the evaluated resistance genotypes, revealed that the anthracnose resistance genotype showed a tendency to be linked withpowdery mildew resistance genotype. The potyvirus-related marker pvr1 was positively correlated with Phytophthora root rot markers.

한국 재래종 콩 유전자원의 이소플라본 함량과 수량관련형질에 대한 연차간 비교

윤혜명(Hyemyeong Yoon),이정윤(Jungyoon Yi),케베데 타예 데스타(Kebede taye Desta),신명재(Myong-Jae Shin),이윤정(Yoonjung Lee),이수경(Sukyeung Lee),왕샤오한(Xiaohan Wang),최유미(Yu-Mi Choi),이성우(Sungwoo Lee) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.4

In this study, composition and agronomic traits, including yield-related traits, were investigated and compared among 35 Korean landracegermplasm for two years (2019 and 2020). The contents of 12 isoflavones were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, and agronomictrait data were collected according to the Rural Development Administration criteria. Comparing isoflavone composition between the two years,all isoflavones, except glycitein, were generally higher in 2019. The values of yield-related and major agronomic traits decreased in most accessionsin 2020. ANOVA showed highly significant differences (p<0.001) in genotypes, years, and genotype-by-year interaction for all isoflavones, the numberof pods per plant, and 100-seed weight. The number of seeds per pod, days to flowering, and days to maturity also showed significant differencesamong genotypes, as well as between the two years. Correlation analysis revealed that daidzin and genistin were positively correlated with theirmalonylated form. Malonyl daidzin was also positively correlated with malonyl genistin levels. The accessions with the least variation in the totalisoflavone content were IT 153844 (907.5 μg/g, 898.6 μg/g) and IT 252252 (663.2 μg/g, 636.4 μg/g). Some of the evaluated landraces will bea promising genetic source for developing soybean varieties with high levels of environmental stability in isoflavone content and agronomic traits.