Selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid using indium-zinc bimetallic nanocrystals

Kwon, Ik Seon,Debela, Tekalign Terfa,Kwak, In Hye,Seo, Hee Won,Park, Kidong,Kim, Doyeon,Yoo, Seung Jo,Kim, Jin-Gyu,Park, Jeunghee,Kang, Hong Seok The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.40

<P>For the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CRR) with high selectivity for HCOOH, In-Zn bimetallic nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized as catalysts by <I>in situ</I> reduction of In2O3-ZnO NCs with various compositions. All In-containing bimetallic catalysts exhibited excellent selectivity to produce HCOOH, while Zn NCs favor CO production. A composition with In : Zn = 0.05 has higher catalytic activity than In NCs, with a faradaic efficiency of 95% and a HCOOH production rate of 0.40 mmol h<SUP>−1</SUP> cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at −1.2 V <I>vs.</I> RHE. The enhanced catalytic performance is in part ascribed to the fewer surface oxide layers, which increase the conductivity and facilitate the charge transfer. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the In-Zn interfacial sites make the HCOOH pathway significantly energy-favorable, which supports the higher production rate of Zn0.95In0.05 than that of In.</P>

일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구

강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.

방송제작 환경 및 드라마 제작 요소에 대한 연기자의 인식 고찰

이인혜(In-Hye Lee),권상집(Sang-Jib Kwon) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2018 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.12 No.7

본 연구는 시청률 경쟁심화로 인한 드라마 제작환경 변화가 연기자들의 인식에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 방송제작 환경변화의 원인을 시청률 경쟁심화로 보았으며, 그 시기는 2000년을 기준으로 설정하였다. 연구 대상인 연기자는 배역 크기에 따라 주연, 조연, 단역으로 분류하였고 방송제작 환경은 드라마 제작요소를 중심으로 제작진, 동료연기자, 시청자(시청률), 출연료 네 가지 기준을 고려하였다. 그리고 연기자협회에 가입된, 연기 경력이 최소 10년 이상 된 드라마 연기자(주연, 조연, 단역) 60명을 대상으로 인터뷰 조사를 진행하여 연기자 인식을 분석하였다. 시청률 경쟁심화(2000년) 전과 후, 연기자들이 배역 크기에 따라 드라마 제작 요소와의 관계를 다르게 인식하고 있는지와 드라마 제작 요소와의 관계변화에 대해 연기자들의 인식 차이가 어떻게 나타나는지를 본 연구는 다양한 배역들의 연기자들을 대상으로 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 인터뷰 결과, 이들이 드라마 제작요소에 관해 세부적으로 서로 다른 인식을 갖고 있다는 점을 확인하였다. 인터뷰를 토대로 세밀히 도출한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 이론적 측면과 실무적 측면에서 엔터테인먼트 학자 그리고 방송 산업 관련 정책 입안자들에게 유용한 기여도를 도출하였으며, 방송제작자들에게는 드라마 성과를 높이기 위한 방안 수립의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있는 시사점을 제공하였다. The main objective of this research is to analyze how changes in drama production environment brought by ratings competition influence actors’ awareness. In this study, actors are categorized according to the importance of roles, such as leading actor, supporting actor, and bit actor. Broadcast production environment is categorized according to drama production components. More specifically, drama production components are defined by production staffs, fellow actors, audience (ratings), and perception of pay. In order to analyze the perceptions of actors with different importance of roles, an in-depth interview was conducted to 60 drama actors (leading, supporting, and bit), who are members of the Actor’s Association and have careers of minimum 10 years. Comparing before and after intense ratings competition (2000), this research verified whether actors perceived their relationship with drama production components differently according to the importance of closeness as casted roles, and how changes in relationship with the components result in actors perception change. Based on such results, this research provides implications in both theoretical and practical aspects. This study can provide meaningful implications for policy makers and academic researchers in broadcasting industry and serve as a fundamental resource for broadcast production staffs in producing successful dramas.

신규간호사의 암 병동 적응 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구

김혜란(Kim, Hye Ran),권인수(Kwon In Soo) 대한종양간호학회 2014 Asian Oncology Nursing Vol.14 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning and nature of adaptation experiences among newly employed nurses in oncology ward. Methods: The present study adopted a phenomenological method. The participants were 9 nurses employed for less than one year. Data were collected by using in-depth interviews. The question of this study was, “What are your experiences as a newly employed nurse in oncology?” Results: 150 significant statements were extracted from the data, and these were clustered into 5 main categories: a ‘Difficulty in performing the work of a cancer ward’, ‘problems with interpersonal relationships’, ‘striving to be a good nurse’, ‘satisfaction and rewarding nursing’, and ‘adapted oneself to be a nurse’. Conclusion: Newly employed nurses in oncology ward experienced and perceived feelings of difficulty in performing the work of a cancer ward, problems with interpersonal relationships, striving to be a good nurse, satisfaction and rewarding nursing, and adapting oneself to be a nurse. It is necessary to understand the experiences of new nurses, and to provide strategies that could help new nurses effectively adapt and find the meaning in their adaptation to work in oncology wards. Further research is needed on development of a program focusing on training to improve practicing ability and interpersonal relationships skills.

Adult invasive pneumococcal disease in the Republic of Korea: Risk medical conditions and mortality stratified by age group

Kim, Jong Hun,Baik, Seung Hee,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Hyo Youl,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Choi, Won Suk,Jo, Yu Mi,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Kim, Jeong Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Vol.74 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>This study aimed to characterize the risk factors for mortality in adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) stratified by age groups, after implementation of the national immunization program of 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for those aged ≥65 years in the Republic of Korea (ROK).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Clinical data and pneumococcal isolates from adult patients with IPD (≥18 years of age) were collected prospectively from 20 hospitals through the nationwide surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>A total of 319 patients with IPD were enrolled. Median age was 69 years. Overall in-hospital mortality was 34.2%: 17.1% in those aged 18–49 years, 23.7% in those aged 50–64 years, 33.0% in those aged 65–74 years, and 51.0% in those aged ≥75 years (<I>p<</I> 0.001). In particular, early death within 7days of hospitalization accounted for 60.6% (66/109). While old age (≥65 years), higher Pitt bacteremia score (≥4), and bacteremic pneumonia were independently associated with IPD mortality in all age groups, an additional mortality risk factor of immunocompromised status was identified for patients aged 50–64 years. PPSV23 serotypes accounted for 64.4% (122/189) of the pneumococcal isolates serotyped.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study suggests that vaccine-type IPD continues to place a substantial burden on older adults in the ROK, necessitating an effective vaccination strategy for those at higher risk.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization of the elderly with the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) was implemented in Korea in 2013. </LI> <LI> Overall in-hospital mortality was 34.2% for adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and 51.0% for patients ≥75 years of age. </LI> <LI> Mortality risks were older age, higher bacteremia score, and immunocompromised status. </LI> <LI> An effective vaccination strategy for those at higher risk of IPD is needed. </LI> </UL> </P>

Factors Associated with Indeterminate and False Negative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in Active Tuberculosis

Cho, Ki-Won,Cho, Eun-Ha,Kwon, Soo-Hoon,Im, Sang-Hyuk,Sohn, In,Song, Sook-Hee,Kim, Hye-Ok,Kim, Su-Hyun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.5

Background: The sensitivities and specificities of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) vary among different population studies, and the data on the routine use of IGRAs are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective study, enrolling 77 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), at a secondary care teaching hospital in Seoul. Results: In total, 12 (15.6%) patients showed indeterminate results due to positive control failure on the QFT-GIT test. Indeterminate results were significantly associated with the elderly, history of the intensive care unit stay, lymphocytopenia, especially low CD4 count, increased C-reactive protein and decreased protein levels. Of the 77 patients, 44 (57.1%) were diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis, and the percentage of false negative results of the QFT-GIT was 36.4% (vs. 31.8% with TST). In the TB group with >65 years old (n=12), the proportions of the indeterminate (33.3% vs. 3.1%) and the false negative results (58.3% vs. 25.0%) of the QFT-GIT were significantly higher than in the younger TB group (n=32). Conclusion: Indeterminate and false negative results of QFT-GIT test were not infrequent in tuberculosis, especially in the elderly. Care should be considered for the interpretation with the elderly, immunocompromised, chronic and severely diseased patients.

Au-Pd-Ag-In계 금속-세라믹용 합금의 산화 처리 후 급랭 처리가 소성 단계에서 경도와 미세구조의 변화에 미치는 영향

정지인(Ji-In Jeong),신혜정(Hye-Jeong Shin),권용훈(Yong-Hoon Kwon),설효정(Hyo-Joung Seol) 대한치과재료학회 2020 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.47 No.1

INHIBITION OF EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION (EMT) BY IN-1130, A SMALL MOLECULAR INHIBITOR OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β TYPE I RECEPTOR KINASE

In-Hye Kwon,Bo-Mi Kang,So-Jung Moon,Jee-Yeon Son,Eun-Jeong Yoon,Jung-Wha Moon,Chul-Yong Park,Dae-Kee Kim,Yhun-Yhong Sheen 한국환경독성학회 2009 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2009 No.11

Putrescine처리가 절화 카네이션 'Desio'의 화판 노화에 미치는 영향 : Ethylene 발생, ACC synthase, EFE 활성변화 Change of ethylene production and ACC synthase and EFE activities

이인국,권혜정,손기철 建國大學校 附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1993 農資源開發論集 Vol.18 No.-

절화 카네이션 'Desio' 품종의 화판 노화시 발생되는 에칠렌의 발생량은 계절에 따라 달라 2월경 채화된 것은 약 70nl/g·FW/hr를 나타내었으나, 7월에 채화된 것은 4.3nl/g·FW/hr 불과했다. 폴리아민 중 put의 10mM 처리는 EFE의 활성과 에칠렌의 발생을 억제시키고 화판의 노화를 지연시켰으나, 대조구나 put 1Mm의 처리구에 비해 높은 ACC synthase의 활성을 나타내었다. 한편, 1mM put 처리는 ACC synthase의 활성이 억제됨에도 불구하고 에칠렌이 생성되어졌다. 이러한 사실은 기작이 명확치 않으나 put처리가 에칠렌 생합성 과정중 EFE보다 ACC synthase의 활성에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것을 나타내며, 내생 폴리아민의 농도에 따라 외생 폴리아민의 카네이션 화판의 노화에 미치는 영향이 다름을 나타낸다. Ethylene evolution on the senescence of petals of cut carnation cv. Desio was varied according to the cultural seasons, where 70 ul/g·fw/hr of ethylene was produced in Feb. harvest, but only 4.3 ul/g·fw/hr in July. Despite that 10mM putrescine treatment on the petals inhibited ethylene production and EFE activity, and delayed the senescence, it rapidly stimulated ACC synthase activity over those of control and 1mM putrescine treatment. In addition, ethylene was produced in the 1mM putrescine treatment even though ACC synthase acitiviy was inhibited. This fact indicates that purtrescine has influence on rather EFE than ACC synthase on the biosynthesis of ethylene and the effect of exogenous polyamines on the senescence is varied according to the level of endogenous polamines in the petals of cut carnation.

노인체육지도자들의 코로나에 대한 인식과 경험에 관한 연구

권기남(Kwon, Ki-Nam),김인형(Kim, In-Hyung),박성혜(Park, Seong-Hye) 한국스포츠사회학회 2022 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 노인체육지도자들의 COVID-19에 대한 인식에 대해 알아보고, 변화된 지도환경에서 어떠한 어려움을 겪고 있는지 그 경험을 탐색하는 것이다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 현상학 연구를 실시하였다. 연구참여자는 유목적 표집법을 이용하여 D광역시 L, A구체육회, H 및 J제공기관, N노인회, K복지관의 소속 지도자들 12명을 선정하였다. 자료는 참여관찰, 심층면담, 관련 자료 수집을 통해 수집하였다. 이러한 자료를 토대로 분석한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 노인체육지도자들이 정부가 단계적 일상회복을 위해 폐쇄되었던 체육시설을 개방하게 되면서 지도현장으로 다시 돌아오게 되었지만, COVID-19가 종식되지 않은 상황에서 COVID-19는 감염에 대한 불안감과 죽음을 가져오는 공포의 대상이었다. 이러한 인식은 백신만이 COVID-19를 종식시킬 수 있다고 믿고 백신을 접종함으로 COVID-19에 대한 안도하는 마음을 갖게 되면서 변화되었다. 그러나 COVID-19가 장기화되면서 공포의 대상이 아닌 함께 공존하는 대상으로 인식하게 되었다. 둘째, 노인체육지도자들은 COVID-19 발생 초기 한명의 확진자만 발생해도 감염 확산의 위험으로 시설이 폐쇄되는 상황을 겪어야 했기 때문에, 감염에 대한 불안한 마음으로 긴장된 삶을 살아가는 어려움을 겪고 있었다. 또 사회적 거리두기와 마스크 착용으로 수업을 지도하는데 소통의 어려움을 겪었으며, COVID-19에 대한 방역과 관리하는 등 지도자로서의 역할이 가중됨으로 어려움을 겪고 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to find out the perception of COVID-19 at the time of occurrence and the perception of elderly sports leaders about COVID-19 in the current situation that two years have passed, and to explore with in-depth experience of what kind of difficulties they are experiencing in the changed guidance environment. For this, an ethnography study was conducted. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling to collect 12 leaders from L and A district sports associations, H and J provider organizations, N elderly associations, and K. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and related data collection. The results are as follows. First, it was brought back to the guidance environment as the government opened the sports facilities that had been closed for a step-by-step recovery of daily life, but in a situation where COVID-19 has not ended, COVID-19 has been the subject of anxiety about infection and the fear of death. This perception has changed as they believe that only a vaccine can end COVID-19, and that giving them a vaccine gives them relief for COVID-19. However, as COVID-19 continues for a long time, it has come to be recognized as an object of coexistence rather than an object of fear. Second, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, even if there was only one confirmed patient, the facility had to be closed due to the risk of spreading the infection, so it was difficult to live a tense life with an anxious mind about the infection. Also, social distancing and wearing a mask made it difficult to communicate while teaching classes. They were experiencing difficulties as their role as a leader increased, such as quarantine and information collection for COVID-19.