사례 분석을 통한 캐릭터의 법적 보호 방법에 관한 고찰 -카카오와 라인을 중심으로-

서지원 ( Seo¸ Jiwon ),김이진 ( Kim¸ Lee Jin ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.4

캐릭터 디자이너에게 창작물에 대한 법적 보호는 중요하다. 캐릭터의 보호에 관한 기존 연구들은 실무적인 질문에 대하여 답을 얻기에는 다소 추상적이다. 본고에서는 캐릭터 디자이너에게 실무상 효율적으로 자신의 캐릭터에 대한 보호를 추구하는 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 캐릭터를 보호하기 위한 법률을 살펴보았다. 이어서 현재 상업적으로 성공한 캐릭터의 대표적 사례로 볼 수 있는 카카오와 라인의 캐릭터를 연구 대상 사례로 선정하고 이를 분석하였다. 구체적으로, 캐릭터를 보호하기 위한 법률에는 크게 저작권법과 산업재산권 관련법인 상표법, 디자인보호법이 있다. 따라서 본 고에서는 저작권법과 상표법, 디자인보호법이 캐릭터의 어느 면을 보호하는지를 간략히 소개하였다. 그리고 저작권법, 상표법, 디자인보호법에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 카카오와 라인의 캐릭터에 대한 저작권, 상표권, 디자인권 세부 사항을 분석하고 그 내용을 소개하였다. 1)저작권의 경우, 카카오는 모든 캐릭터에 대해 저작권을 등록하였고, 라인은 두 번째 공개한 BT21은 저작권 등록을 했지만, 첫 번째 공개 캐릭터인 라인 프렌즈에서는 저작권 등록에 소극적이었다. 2)상표권은 상표 형태에 따라 여러 종류가 있는데, 본고에서는 캐릭터와 관련된 상표로 문자상표, 도형상표, 도형복합상표를 다루었다. 카카오는 첫 번째 캐릭터인 카카오 프렌즈에서는 상표 획득에 시행착오를 겪은 것으로 보이지만, 두 번째 캐릭터인 니니즈에서는 모든 캐릭터에 대해 문자상표와 도형상표를 획득하였다. 라인은 저작권 뿐 아니라 문자상표, 도형상표 출원에도 소극적인 모습을 보였지만, 모든 캐릭터에 대해 도형복합상표를 등록하였다. 3)디자인권의 경우, 카카오는 모든 캐릭터를 3차원으로 입체화시킨 인형(완구)과 화상디자인을 출원하였다. 반면 라인은 모든 캐릭터를 출원하기보다는 등록이 필요할 상품을 출원하는 전략을 택한 것으로 보인다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 효율적인 권리 획득 전략을 제안하였다. It is important for a character designer to get legal protection of its character. Existing studies regarding protection of character are somewhat abstract to practical questions on how to obtain such legal protection and which route should be taken. This study suggested an effective method for protection of characters to designers. For this, the relevant laws for protection of charaters are first discussed. Subsequently, Kakao and Line characters, which can be seen as representative examples of commercially successful characters, were selected as the subject of study and analyzed. Specifically, laws for protection of character include the Copyright law, and the Intellectual Property laws such as the Trademark law and the Design right law. Therefore, first what aspect of characters is protected by the relevant laws are summarized here, and based on the understanding of the laws, the details of copyrights, trademarks, and designs of Kakao and Line’s characters are analyzed and the results are provided. 1)As for copyright, Kakao obtained registration of all its characters, and Line obtained registration of BT21 as its second published character group but took a passive attitude toward Line Friends as its first character group. 2)As for Trademark, several types exist, and this article addressed word mark, figurative mark, and composite trademark. Kakao seems to have undergone trial and error about its first character group, Kakao Friends, but obtained word mark and figurative mark of all characters of Niniz as its second character group. Line showed a passive attitude toward word mark and figurative mark as well as copyright, but obtained composite trademark for all its characters. 3)As for design right, Kakao filed applications of all characters by making them 3-dimentional structures while designating toy and graphic design on display panel as the products using the character. On the contrary, Line seems to have taken strategy to file applications of only the products that need registration of right, rather than obtaining of rights for all its characters. Effective strategy for obtaining rights was suggested in this article based on the analysis results above.

정인보의 실심(實心)에 대한 교육철학적 해석

김지원 ( Kim¸ Jiwon ) 한국교육철학학회 2021 교육철학연구 Vol.43 No.3

본 연구는 정인보의 실심 사상을 교육철학적 관점에서 해석하고자 하였다. 정인보는 성실하고 진실된 인간의 마음을 의미하는 실심(實心)을 각자의 존재 본체로 회복해야 한다는 ‘실심 환성(喚醒)’을 강조하였다. 실심 환성은 감통(感通)의 실천과 주체성의 확보로 이어지며 정인보는 이를 통해 국망의 위기를 극복하고자 하였다. 정인보의 실학(實學) 개념은 ‘실심의 학문적 구현’을 의미하는 것으로 학문의 목적과 태도가 실심에 근원할 때 참된 학문이 될 수 있음을 보여준다. 정인보는 동양 전통의 심학(心學)을 계승하여 실심 사상을 전개하였으며, ‘실심 환성’은 민족의 자강과 독립을 위한 시대적 과제이자 인간 본연의 보편적 과제로서의 의미를 지닌다. 실심 환성은 삶의 주재자로서 위상을 회복하고, 더불어 살아가는 이들에 대한 감통을 실천하며, 개방적이고 유연한 삶의 태도를 형성하고, 지적 배움과 성장의 동력을 확보하는 것으로 이어진다. 이는 실심을 존재 주체로 회복함으로써 나타나는 삶의 태도와 방식으로 인간의 바람직한 성장을 이끌어간다는 점에서 교육철학적 함의를 지닌다. 이러한 정인보의 실심 사상은 마음을 존재 본질로 이해하고, 마음의 본래적 발현을 교육의 근간으로 삼는 마음교육 담론에서 해석 될 수 있으며, 근대 시기의 중요한 마음교육의 사례로 주목될 수 있다. This research aims to analyze Jeong In-bo’s Silsim (實心) within the context of educational philosophy. In the history of Confucianism, Silsim refers to the “genuine and sincere Xin (心) of a human being.” Jeong In-bo emphasized the “recovery of Silsim,” stating that Silsim needs to be recovered as its true essence. He attempted to overcome the crisis of his era through social empathy and the establishment of identity via the recovery and manifestation of Silsim. His idea of Silhak (實學), an academic manifestation of Silsim, shows that academia can realize its essence only when its purpose is derived from Silsim. His Silsim theory, inheriting the Oriental tradition of School of mind (心學), is meaningful in that the recovery of Silsim represents not only national independence as a contemporary task of the era but also a natural duty as a human being. The “recovery of Silsim” leads an individual to restore independence and subjectivity, practice empathy toward others, form an open and flexible attitude in life, and secure a powerful source of motivation for intellectual learning and growth. The recovery of Silsim has significant implications in educational philosophy, as it leads to the desired growth in individual and social aspects. This philosophy of Silsim can be interpreted in the “maum-education” discourse that construes the mind as the essence of existence and recovery and manifestation as the basis of education; moreover, it can be marked as a paragon of maum-education in modern Korean history.

A Study on Guidelines for Clinical Evaluation of Gastroesophageaal Reflux Disease

Ho Kim,Jongpill Lee,Sun Mi Kwon,Minjung Cho,Peol A Kim,Sun-Hee Kim,Jaesuk Yun,Jiwon Kim,Jung Hyun Kim,Nam Hee Kim,Chong-Run Chon,Lan Choi,Young Hoon Shim,Gwang Moon Lee,Minjung Kim,Woo Yong Oh,Eun Jun 한국에프디시규제과학회(구 한국에프디시법제학회) 2013 한국에프디시법제학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

A Study of Quality Verification for the Establishment of Chemical Reference Standards

Nam Hee Kim,Kwang Moon Lee,Young Ran Park,Hyun Hee Kang,Minjung Cho,Jaesuk Yun,Sun-Hee Kim,Peol A Kim,Jiwon Kim,Lan Choi,Ho Kim,Chong-Run Chon,Jung Hyun Kim,Young Hoon Shim,Jongpill Lee,Shin-Jung Kang 한국에프디시규제과학회(구 한국에프디시법제학회) 2013 한국에프디시법제학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

A Study for Inprovement of International Pharmacopoeia Draft Monograph on Fluconazole and Fluconazole Capsules

Sun-Hee Kim,Kwang Moon Lee,Seung Hyun Oh,Jongpill Lee,Young Hoon Shim,Minjung Cho,Jaesuk Yun,Ho Kim,Peol A Kim,Jiwon Kim,Jung Hyun Kim,Nam Hee Kim,Chong-Run Chon,Lan Choi,Shin-Jung Kang,Bo Kyung Choi 한국에프디시규제과학회(구 한국에프디시법제학회) 2013 한국에프디시법제학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

한국 현대시의 리듬 이론 연구: 역사와 현황 (3) -1930년에서 해방 전까지-

조재룡 고려대학교 한국언어문화학술확산연구소 2022 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.59 No.-

Rhythm studies conducted after 1930 began by investigating the characteristics of the Korean language. Cho Yoon-jae suggested that Joseon dynasty's poetry, unlike Western and Chinese poetry, not only lacks ‘accent’ and ‘pitch’, but also cannot operate ‘rhyme'. He defined ‘rhythm’ as ‘rhyming beauty’ induced by ‘circulation of emotions’. Along with rhythm, a new approach came to the fore that rhythm in Joseon dynasty’s poetry is in fact based on the number of syllables. Cho Byeok-Am, while criticizing Kim Ok for his concept of rhythm based on fixed verse, emphasizes the inseparability of poetic content and form. Free verse, formed on internal rhythm instead of external and formal meter, is a new form of poetry free from metrical constraints, yet to be identified. Rhythm began to be discussed to search for ‘poetic form' along with the advent of free verse. However, the dichotomy between ‘intrinsic, content meter’ and ‘external, formal meter’ forbids it to proceed as in previous generations. Kim Ki-Rim attempted to extricate rhythm from fixed meter in traditional poetry. Instead of abandoning the mechanical and formulaic rhythm, he explored new types of rhythm: intonation, tone, accent, and tempo. According to Kim Ki-Rim, rhythm is what gives words meaning, voice, and expression. Questioning rhythm and context makes words and phrases understood in a given discourse. Yun Kon-Gang defines rhythm as a collection of accents, whose effect is close to ‘zero’ in poetry, thus worthless. In his studies, rhythm is considered as a product of typification or an immobile decoration, while ‘tone’ is perceived as a dynamic, living form of language. However, the modality of tone was not elucidated. 1930년 이후 진행된 리듬 연구는 조선어의 특성을 규명하는 일에서 착수되었다. 조윤제는 서양의 영시나 동양의 중국시가 아니라 일본어와 유사한 조선어에 ‘악센트’와 ‘고저’가 부재할 뿐 아니라 ‘운韻’을 운용하는 게 불가능하다고 주장한다. ‘감정의 유통’에 따른 ‘자연스러운 율미(律美)를 리듬(Rhythm)이라고 정의한다. 조선시의 ‘운율’은 ‘자수율’이라는 인식이 ‘리듬’과 함께 대두된다. 조벽암은 김억의 ‘정형시론’에 근저한 리듬 개념을 비판하면서 시의 내용과 형식의 불가분성을 강조한다. 외면적ㆍ형식적인 운율법 대신 ‘내재율의 리듬’에 토대한 자유시형은 일정한 박자와 율격의 구속을 벗어난 새로운 시형이지만 그 실체가 규명되지 않는다. 자유시형의 출현과 더불어 ‘시형’의 모색에서 본격적으로 논의되기 시작한 리듬은 앞선 세대와 마찬가지로 ‘내재율-내용율’ vs ‘외재율-형식율’의 이분법에 갇혀 전진하지 못한다. 김기림은 전통시의 정형률에서 리듬을 탈출시키려 시도한다. 김기림은 기계적이고 도식적인 의미의 리듬을 폐기하는 대신, 새로운 리듬을 탐구하였다. 그에게 리듬은 억양이나 어조, 액센트나 템포 등의 운용이며, 리듬은 말에 ‘뜻’을 입히고 목소리와 표정을 부여한다. 리듬과 문맥을 따져 물을 때 비로소 낱말이나 구절은 언술 속에서 비로소 제 의미를 이해할 수 있다. 윤곤강은 리듬을 단순한 악센트의 집합으로 정의하며, 그 효과는 시에서 ‘제로’에 가까워, 시에서는 ‘무가치한 무엇’이라는 결론을 내린다. 윤곤강에게 리듬은 ‘유형화’의 산물이며, 정형율과 다르지 않은 굳어진 장식인 반면, 톤은 말의 생동하는 동적 형태로 인식된다. 그러나 톤의 양태는 규명되지 않는다.

Regulation System for Off-Label Drug Use and Off-Label Prescriptions in Korea

Minjung Cho,Jongpill Lee,Soon Seung Kim,Ho Kim,Peol A Kim,Sun-Hee Kim,Jaesuk Yun,Jiwon Kim,Jung Hyun Kim,Nam Hee Kim,Chong-Run Chon,Lan Choi,Young Hoon Shim,Gwang Moon Lee,Shin-Jung Kang,Bo Kyung Choi 한국에프디시규제과학회(구 한국에프디시법제학회) 2013 한국에프디시법제학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

A case of congenital tuberculosis-infected twins born to a mother with asymptomatic tuberculosis during pregnancy

Jiwon Park,Kyoung Sim Kim,Yong Wook Kim,Eun Young Kim,Young Kim,Hae In Jang,Hyoung Min Cho 조선대학교 의학연구원 2022 Medical Bilogical Science and Engineering Vol.5 No.1

Congenital tuberculosis infection is very rare, but fatal. Congenital tuberculosis should always be considered among the many causes of pneumonia, especially if the newborn has pneumonia that does not respond to treatment. We report a case of a premature infant born to a mother who had no evidence of tuberculosis infection. The patient was the first of the twins born by cesarean section at 30 weeks and 1 day of gestation. The 21st day after birth, the patient developed apnea, tachycardia, and tachypnea. The medical staff assumed sepsis and bacterial pneumonia. Despite antibiotic treatment, the patient’s condition worsened. On the 63rd day after birth, the mother of the infant visited the emergency room complaining of fever and decreased consciousness and was diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in the AFB stain, TB PCR, and TB culture.

Associations between Education Years and Resting-state Functional Connectivity Modulated by APOE ε4 Carrier Status in Cognitively Normal Older Adults

Jiwon Kim,Sunghwan Kim,Yoo Hyun Um,Sheng-Min Wang,Regina EY Kim,Yeong Sim Choe,Jiyeon Lee,Donghyeon Kim,Hyun Kook Lim,Chang Uk Lee,Dong Woo Kang 대한정신약물학회 2024 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.22 No.1

Objective: Cognitive reserve has emerged as a concept to explain the variable expression of clinical symptoms in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The association between years of education, a proxy of cognitive reserve, and resting-state functional connectivity (rFC), a representative intermediate phenotype, has not been explored in the preclinical phase, considering risk factors for AD. We aimed to evaluate whether the relationship between years of education and rFC in cognitively preserved older adults differs depending on amyloid-beta deposition and APOE ε4 carrier status as effect modifiers. Methods: A total of 121 participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging, [18F] flutemetamol positron emission tomography-computed tomography, APOE genotyping, and a neuropsychological battery. Potential interactions between years of education and AD risk factors for rFC of AD-vulnerable neural networks were assessed with wholebrain voxel-wise analysis. Results: We found a significant education years-by-APOE ε4 carrier status interaction for the rFC from the seed region of the central executive (CEN) and dorsal attention networks. Moreover, there was a significant interaction of rFC between right superior occipital gyrus and the CEN seed region by APOE ε4 carrier status for memory performances and overall cognitive function. Conclusion: In preclinical APOE ε4 carriers, higher years of education were associated with higher rFC of the AD vulnerable network, but this contributed to lower cognitive function. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the impact of cognitive reserve on sensitive functional intermediate phenotypic markers in the preclinical phase of AD.

Quality of Life in Food Allergy: Validation of the Korean Version of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire Parent Form (K-FAQLQ-PF) and Risk Factor Analysis

Kim Sukyung,Kim Minji,Kim Jiwon,Park Boram,Min Nuri,Jung Minyoung,Yu Seoyoung,Lee Ji Young,Yoo Hye Won,Kim Hye-Young,Ahn Kangmo,Kim Jihyun 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form (K-FAQLQ-PF) and to identify clinical characteristics related to low quality of life (QoL) in Korean children with food allergy (FA). Methods: Parents of 0–12-year-old patients with FA were enrolled. The English version of FAQLQ-PF was translated into Korean. Construct validation was confirmed by the Food Allergy Independent Measure-Parent Form (FAIM-PF) and the Child Health Questionnaire Parent Form 28 (CHQ-PF28). Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between potential risk factors and QoL outcomes. Results: A total of 182 patients with a median age of 5.0 years were enrolled in the study. Cronbach’s α coefficient values indicating internal consistency were higher than 0.8. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for test-retest reliability were good for all age groups (r > 0.6). Total K-FAQLQ-PF scores were positively correlated with the FAIM-PF (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) and were negatively correlated with the parental impact-emotional domain in the CHQ-PF28 (r = −0.44, P < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, low QoL was significantly associated with female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–4.18), age ≥ 5 years (aOR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.31–6.16), FA diagnosis before the age of 3 years (aOR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.13–13.93), the presence of atopic dermatitis (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.07–4.57), and residence in non-metropolitan areas (aOR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.73–6.85). Conclusions: According to parental perceptions, the K-FAQLQ-PF is a valid and reliable tool to assess psychosocial QoL in Korean children with FAs. Age, sex, residential area, and comorbid AD can affect the QoL of pediatric patients with FA.