몸의 정치 : 월트 휘트먼과 김수영의 시

김혜영(Hye Young Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2014 영미어문학 Vol.- No.114

This paper compares Walt Whitman with Soo-Young Kim in view of body politics of their poetry. Although Whitman celebrates Americans' various skin colors, class, and sexual identity, his poems also reveal some dark aspects of his political unconsciousness. Despite an utopian vision, Leaves of Grass still includes unreachable limits in regard to homosexuality and feministic criticism. Unlike Whitman, Soo-Young Kim's political vision is focused on the miserable political circumstance and high opinion of Korean history. The image of 'grass' contains both sadness and hope of the depressed mass. Despite ridiculing the hypocrisy of political authority severely, he still adheres to the system of patriarchy in his own private life. While Both Whitman and Soo-Young Kim speculate the political ideal and the illusion of ideology deeply, a drive of unconsciousness and trace of desire appear through body images. That shows a bitter irony between the political vision and ambiguous sexual gestures.

환상 극장에 출현하는 분열된 주체들

김혜영(Hye Young Kim) 한국비평이론학회 2016 비평과이론 Vol.21 No.3

김민정의 시에 등장하는 현대적 주체들은 탈중심적이고 분열된 존재들이며, 고정된 이미지를 거부하고 끝없이 변신을 추구하는 경향이 두드러진다. 본 논문은 그녀의 시를 환상극장과 분열된 주체의 관점에서 분석한다. 그녀의 시집 『날으는 고슴도치아가씨』와 『그녀가 처음, 느끼기 시작했다』에 등장하는 여성 주체들은 분열된 특징을 선명하게 보여준다. 이성적인 주체로 고정되기 보다는 신경증적 주체나 정신병을 앓는 욕동의 주체로서의 모습이 드러나고, 그 이면에는 윤리적 주체를 찾아가는 시선도 읽혀진다. 하나로 고정되지 않는 심리적 환영을 묘사하고 있으며, 때로는 보이지 않지만 존재하는 유령의 존재처럼 다가오기도 한다. 본론에는 첫째, 김민정 시에서 드러나는 그로테스크한 육체의 글쓰기를 통해 여성 주체의 성적 욕망을 검토한다. 특히 여성의 자위를 시적 모티프로 활용하여 무대화시키는 시적 전략을 통해, 여성의 자위가 남성의 성적 욕망의 대상 혹은 대타자의 시선에 얽매이지 않음을 알 수 있다. 그녀의 시적 화자는 대타자의 욕망에 관심을 두는 히스테리 주체의 위치를 취하기보다는 대타자의 욕망을 제어하면서 여성적 쥬이쌍스에 접근하고 있다. 둘째, 폭력적인 원초적 아버지의 욕망과 그것을 저지하려는 소녀의 반란을 통해, 가부장적 팔루스를 전도시킨다. 셋째, 광기를 드러내는 욕동의 주체와는 차이를 보이지만, 현실 세계의 타자를 수용하려는 윤리적 주체가 출현하는 방식을 살펴본다. 실재와의 조우에 의한 괴기스러운 환상에 매몰되지 않고, 삶 속에서 왜곡된 지점들을 새롭게 재구축하는 여성 주체를 발견할 수 있다. 김민정의 시에 등장하는 여성 주체들은 다른 여성시인들의 고백적 언술과 차별되게 환상 극장이라는 공간 안에서 다양한 포즈로 분열되어 출현한다. 여성의 성적 욕망을 표출하는데 있어서 자위라는 행위를 전면에 내세우면서, 신경증적인 억압을 대면하는 모습을 보여주고, 원초적인 아버지의 광기를 붕괴시키려는 그로테스크한 살해 의식을 살수제비를 뜨는 방식으로 풀어내기도 한다. 그럼에도 나르시시즘에 갇히거나 욕동의 주체에 함몰되지 않고, 현실 세계의 타자를 일상 안에서 수용하려는 윤리적 주체로 나아가는 측면도 있다. 그러나 그것이 쉽지 않은 여정임을 예감할 수 있다. 사라지면서 출현하는 유령처럼, 여성을 포함한 현대의 주체들은 의식과 무의식의 경계에 위태롭게 위치하기 때문이다. Modern subjects in Minjung Kim’s poems are decentralized and split beings, so they reject the fixed image of self and tend to metamorphose themselves endlessly. The aim of this paper is to focus on the fantasy theater and split subjects in her poems. The feminine subjects in Flying Hedgehog Girl and When She begins to feel for the first time show the various characteristics of split subjects. They are neurotic or impulsive, but sometimes they seek to be ethic subjects. In Kim’s poems, psychological phantoms described as ghosts or the uncanny appear grotesquely on the fantasy theater. Firstly, this paper inquires into sexual desire of feminine subject through Kim’s writing on grotesque female body. Representing masturbation on Nana’s fantastic theater shows the strategy for subverting phallus, which can help to find unconscious desire. Although her persona is located as a hysteric subject, it refuses to be an object a for masculine desire. Especially her tactic of staging woman’s masturbation indicates that feminine jouissance cannot be bound by the Other’s gaze and cannot be an object of a male s sexual desire. Also Nana, the persona, is not located as a hysteric subject concentrating on the desire of the Other, but approaches the feminine jouissance. Secondly, heading off original father’s cruel impulse, she can reverse patriarchal phallus. Thirdly, an ethic subject, who is different from an impulse subject, appears into the fantasy theater to embrace others with compassion. Thus, we can find a woman subject to reconstruct psychological reality in a new way, which is not involved with the uncanny. Kim’s feminine subject crosses the fantasy to seek her subject like a hedgehog ridiculing hypocrisy of adults. Kim’s narrative is different from other Korean women poets’ confessional voices; spilt subjects in various situations show her unconscious impulse or hysteria. Escaping the cage of narcissism, her subjects have to stand anxiety of psychological reality. As a mature woman, her persona can also accept others with deep compassion. But split subjects sometimes disappear into abyss of the real and then suddenly emerge into the symbolic like ghosts, and they are located precariously on the boundary of consciousness and unconsciousness.

피질골 절제술을 응용한 견치 및 대구치의 후방 견인

김상철,김선영,김현숙,정혜승,김현태,조진우 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.2

빠르며 정확하고 안전한 치아이동을 목표로 삼고 있는 교정치료에서 최근 새로이 도입된 피질골 절제술과 견인 골형성술을 응용한 치아이동에 대하여 알아보았다. 특히 견치나 대구치의 후방이동은 기존의 치아 이동 양식으로는 조절이 어렵고, 장기적인 기간에 불가피한 치아이동이다. 피질골 절제술과 견인 골형성술을 동반하여 상당히 효과적인 원심이동을 기할 수 있었던 증례를 통하여 적용 술식, 견인 장치 등을 논하고 그효과를 파악하였다. 이런 술식을 통해 빠른 치아 이동과 이에 따른 전반적인 치료기간의 감소가 가능하였으며, 무리한 치아이동에서 발생할 수 있는 고정원 소실이나 치근흡수, 치주조직의 파괴 같은 부작용도 줄일 수 있었다. Tooth movement facilitated by corticotomy and distraction osteogenesis was discussed. In this study, a portion of cortical bone which can provide resistance to tooth movement in alveolar bone was removed. Active bone deposition was then possible in the tension side. Teeth moved at such a speedy rate as we could not imagine from conventional orthodontic treatment, which lead to the reduction of the total treatment period. Posterior movement of the canine or molar teeth was possible without any side effects such as anchorage loss, root resorption or periodontal breakdown.

定着村癩患者의 再發實態에 關한 調査硏究

金道一,高英勳,金潤元,李惠映,金學鵬,金起會 大韓癩學會 1982 癩學 會誌 Vol.15 No.1

반코마이신 내성 장내구균 분리 환자에서 황색포도알균의 내성

김동욱,신선혜,김혜진,류선,이선희,장철훈,김영대,곽임수 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.1

목적 : Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)로부터 S. aureus로의 vacomycin 내성 유전자의 전파는 오래전부터 예견되어져 왔으며 큰 걱정거리로 남아있다. 최근에 vanA 유전자를 가지고 있는 vancomycin-resistant S. aureus 2주가 미국에서 분리되었다. 이 연구의 목적은 VRE를 보균하고 있는 환자들에서 S. aureus 보균양상과 항균제 내성을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 재료 및 방법 : 2001년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 부산대학교병원에 입원하였던 환자들 중 임상검체에서 VRE가 분리된 환자 7명과 2001년 9월부터 12월까지 외과 중 환자실에 입원하였던 환자들 중 VRE 감시배양을 시행하였던 20명의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 환자들은 전비공, 액와부, 회음부, 직장에서 매주 면봉으로 검체를 채취하였다. 선별배지에서 검체를 배양하여 S. aureus를 분리하였고 원판 확산법을 이용하여 methicillin 감수성을 측정하였다. Broth microdilution 법으로 vancomycin MIC를 측정하였다. 결과 : 총 27명에서 73회의 방문과 292회의 배양이 시행되었으며 총 67주의 S. aureus가 분리되었다. 이중 64주(95.5%)가 methicillin 내성이었다. 전비공 MRSA 보균율은 VRE를 보균하고 있었던 환자는 19명 중 11명(58%)에서, VRE를 보균하지 않았던 환자는 8명 중 3명(37.5%)으로 VRE 보균자에서 보균율이 더 높았다. 총 64주의 MRSA의 vancomycin MIC의 분포는 0.5-2㎍/mL였으며 2㎍/mL를 초과하는 균주는 발견되지 않았다. 64주 중 vancomycin MIC가 1㎍/mL인 균주가 54주(84.4%)로 가장 많았으며 2㎍/mL 6주(9.4%), 0.5㎍/mL 4주(6.3%)의 순이었다. 결론 : VRE 환자에서 S. aureus의 보균율은 비보균자 보다 높았으며 분리된 균주들은 대부분 MRSA였다. VRSA 균주는 발견되지 않았다. Background : The transfer of vancomycin resistance from vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) to Staphylococcus aureus has been predicted. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and antibiotics resistance of S. aureus among patients colonized with VRE. Methods : Between January 2001 and December 2001, a prospective study was performed at Pusan National University Hospital on 27 patients. Surveillance swabs from nasal cavity, axilla, perineum, and rectum were obtained at weekly intervals. Methicillin susceptability of S. aureus was determined by oxacillin disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin by microdilution broth test. Results : Total of 292 swab cultures were performed and 67 S. aureus isolates were collected. 64 isolates (95.5%) were resistant to methicillin. The prevalence of nasal MRSA carrier in 19 patients colonized with VRE was higher than that in 8 patients not colonized with VRE (58% vs. 37.5%). In 64 MRSA isolates, MIC (㎍/mL) for vancomycin ranged from 0.5 to 2. No isolates with MIC >2 ㎍/mL were observed. MIC of 1 ㎍/mL was shown (observed) in 54 isolates, 2 ㎍/mL in 6 isolates, and 0.5 ㎍/mL in 4 isolates. Conclusion : The prevalence of S. aureus with colonization of VRE is higher than that without colonization of VRE. Most of S. aureus isolates were resistant to methicillin. VRSA isolates were not observed.

치내치에 관한 치험례 : A CASE REPORT

김혜영,조호진,김은정,김현정,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

치내치는 치아 발육 중에 석회화되기 전, 치아의 법랑상피가 일부 함입되어 설측에 깊은 소와를 형성하는 발생학적 변이이다. 주로, 상악 측절치에 호발한다. 치내치는 형태학적으로 다양하며, 종종 초기에 치수괴사에 이르기도 한다. 치내치는 복잡한 해부학적 구조로 인해 치수 치료시 많은 어려움이 따른다. 따라서, 치내치는 초기 진단이 중요하고, 예방적 치료가 추천된다. 이에 본 증례는 치내치를 가진 환아에서의 치료에 관해 보고하고자 한다. Dens invaginatus is a developmental variation resulting from invasination of the tooth crown of root before calcification. Teeth most affected are maxillary lateral incisors. The malformation shows a broad spectrum of morphologic variations and frequently results in early pulp necrosis. Root canal therapy may present severe problems because of the complex anatomy of the teeth. So, the early diagnosis of such malformation is crucial and a preventive approach has been recommended. This report describes three cases of dens invaginatus treatment.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

대동맥 협착증과 동반된 출혈성 위장관 동정맥 기형에서 Estrogen-Progesterone 치료 1예

김도연,김화정,김효정,남준식,박수영,박영미,신정은,주미순,황민규,정혜경,손혜영,이선영,이한주 大韓消化器內視鏡學會 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.부록2

삼중시기 나선형 CT를 이용한 간경변증 환자에서의 결절성 간세포암의 조영증강양상

김영화,윤종필,김형환,이상진,이혜경,김일영,장유진 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

We evaluated the contrast enhancement pattern of nodular hepatocelluar carcinoma in liver cirrhosis patients by using three phase spiral CT. We anlayzed 34 nodular hepatocelluar carcinonmas in 11 patients with liver cirrhosis. Three phase spiral CT were obtained at 30(arterial phase), 60(portal phase), 180seconds(delayed phase) after initiation of contrast injection in the rate of 3ml/sec. Nodules are classified according to size, as group A(below 1cm, n=11), group B(1 - 3cm, n=15), group C(above 3cm, n=8). Enhancement pattern of the nodule was analyzed comparing to normal liver parenchyme in each phase., as total high, central high, peripheral high, iso, low, mixed density. We also analyzed the detection rate of the nodules. As a whole the nodules show high density in arterial phase(76%), high density in portal phase(47%) and low density in delayed phase(56%). In group A, the nodules show high(100%) in arterial phase, iso(54%) or high (46%) in portal phase, iso(82%) in delayed phase. In group B, the nodules show high(100%) in arterial phase, high(74%) in portal phase, mixed (60%) in delayed phase. In group C, the nodules show mixed density in all three phase. The most common enhancement pattern in each group was high(arterial phase) - iso(portal phase) - low (delayed phase) in group A(6/11, 54%), high - high - low in group B (5/15, 33%), mixed - mixed - mixed in group C(5/8, 63%). The detection rate of the nodule was highest in arterial phase, and the usefulness of arterial phase comparing to portal or delayed phase was higher in smaller size. In conclusion, hepatocelluar carcinomas show different enhancement pattern according to the size on three phase spiral CT, and this may be helpful in diagnosis of them.

Direct effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in elderly population in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: A case-control study

Kim, Jong Hun,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Kim, Hyo Youl,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Jun, Yoon Hee,Choi, Won Suk,Kang, Seong Hee,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kee, Sae Yoon,Hur, Jia Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>While herd effects and serotype replacement by childhood pneumococcal protein conjugated vaccines (PCVs) continues to accumulate worldwide, direct effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against pneumococcal diseases in the elderly has been challenged. We estimated the direct effectiveness of PPV23 in the elderly population.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>For a hospital-based case-control study, cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) (adults ≥ 65 years) were identified in 14 hospitals participated in the pneumococcal surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015, following implementation of PPV23 national immunization program (NIP) for the elderly in the Republic of Korea. Controls matched by age, sex, and hospital were selected at ratios of 1:2 (IPD) or 1:1 (NBPP). Clinical data and vaccination records were collected. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio) × 100.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>We enrolled 148 IPD and 557 NBPP cases, and 295 IPD and 557 NBPP controls for analyses. Overall effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 28.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.8%–51.6%] and against NBPP was 10.2% (-15.1-30.6) in all patients ≥ 65 years. However, in subgroup analysis of patients aged 65–74 years, PPV23 was protective against IPD [effectiveness 57.4% (19.4–77.5)] and against NBPP [effectiveness 35.0% (2.3–56.7)]. Furthermore, serotype-specific effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 90.6% (27.6–98.8) for PPV23-unique serotypes and 81.3% (38.6–94.3) for PPV23 serotypes excluding serotype 3.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study indicates that PPV23 with broad serotype coverage might be beneficial in preventing IPD and NBPP due to non-PCV13 serotypes in the young-elderly, with potentially increasing effectiveness in the setting of childhood PCV NIP.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization program for PPV23 for the elderly was implemented in Korea. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was effective against IPD and NBPP for young elderly patients aged 65–74. </LI> <LI> Effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was higher for PPV23 unique serotypes. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was non-protective against IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes. </LI> </UL> </P>