안구적출에 따른 위둔덕의 Calbindin D-28k과 c-fos의 변화에 관한 연구

김명,김기훈,김주영,하현철,안명수,김장민,조향훈,정명섭,장인엽 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Changes of Calbindin D-28k- and c-fos-immunoreactivities in the superior collicuclus after Eye Enucleation. Objective and methods: Calcium-binding proteins (CBPs) play an important role in the protection, differentiation and reorganization of the central nervous system. The effects of neonatal retinal deafferentation on a CBPs, calbindin D-28k were examined immunohistochemically in the superficial layer of the rat superior colliculus. Also early gene familly c-fos was examined to evaluate the neuronal characteristics in the superior colliculus after monocular enucleation. Results: On the experimental side of superior colliculus, the number of calbindin D-28k-immunoreactive (IR) cells was reduced (77.4% compared to control), but not fibers. Appearance of c-fos-like immunoreactivity was represented much more in the ipsilateral superior colliculus than contralateral side within 24h after eye enucleation. Conclusion: These results suggest that the changes of retinotectal projection may alter the expressional pattern of calbindin D-28k and c-fos expression.

n-CdS_(0.46)Se_(0.54)/p-Cu_92-x)S_(0.46)Se_(0.54) 이종접합 태양전지의 제작과 그 특성에 관한 연구

유상하,최승평,이상열,홍광준,서상석,김혜숙,전승룡,윤은희,문종대,신영진,정태수,신현길,김택성,유기수 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學 Vol.16 No.-

승화방법에 의해 CdS_0.46Se_0.54 단결정을 성장하여 결정구조를 조사하고, Van der Pauw 방법으로 Hall effect를 측정하여 carrier density의 온도 의존성과 mobility의 온도 의존성을 조사하였다. 성장된 CdS_0.46Se_0.54 단결정을 치환반응하여 n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 이종접합 태양전지를 제작하였다. Spectral response, 전류-전압특성 및 전력변환 효율을 조사하여 그 결과로부터 개방전압은 0.48V, 단락 전류 밀도는 21mA/㎠, fill factor와 전력변환효율은 각각 0.75와 9.5%를 얻었다. CdS_0.46Se_0.54 single crystal was grown by a sublimation method. The crystal structure and the temperature dependence of carrier density and mobility of CdS_0.46Se_0.54 single crystal were studied. Heterojunction solar cells on n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 were fabricated by the substitution reaction. The spectral response, the J-U characteristics and the conversion efficiency of the n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 heterojunction solar cells were studied. The open-cricuit voltage, short-circuit density, fill factor and conversion efficiency of n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 heterojunction solar cells under 80mW/㎠ illumination were found to be 0.48V, 21mA/㎠, 0.75 and 9.5%, respectively.

혈종을 동반한 뇌동맥류의 예후분석

김순기,최하영,김철진,이정청 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.3

두개강내 혈종을 동반한 뇌동맥류 파열환자 34례에 대한 형태, 위치, 조기 수술과 수술 방법 및 예후의 영향 요소에 대한 분석 및 관찰을 통해 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 1) 혈종을 동반한 동맥류의 가장 많은 형태는 뇌실질내 혈종이었고 위치는 중대뇌동맥류가 가장 많았다. 2) 동맥류 위치와 위치에 따른 수술 환자의 사망율간에는 유의한 관계가 없었다. 3) 내원당시 고혈압, 고령, 혈종량이 많은 경우와 의식이 불량했던(낮은 G.C.S) 경우 예후가 좋지 못했으며 이는 통계적 의의가 있었다. 4) 혈종을 동반한 동맥류 환자에서는 조기 수술로서 사망율과 이환율을 감소시킬 수 있었으며 혈종제거와 동시에 동맥류 결찰술을 같이 실시함이 좋을 것으로 사료된다. This author analysed 34 cases of aneurysmal rupture which had a hematoma in ventricle, intracerebral and subdural space except subarachnoid space. All the patient had been treated in Chonbuk National University Hospital from Aug. 1. 1984 to Aug. 30. 1990. Among the 34 cases, 24 cases were treated with surgery and 10 cases conservatively. The result of operation showed favorable outcome(Good recovery. Moderately disabled); 8 cases(33.3%) and unfavorable (severely disabled, vegetative state); 5 cases(20.8%). Mortality rates were 70%(7/10) in nonoperative cases and 45.8%(11/24) in operative cases. The data for 34 cases were correlated with outcome by using Chi-square test and t-test. Mortality and morbidity were increased in patients with hypertension, poorer clinical grades at the time of admission or surgery, larger amounts of intracranial hematoma, and older age. From the overall results, the removal of hematoma and simultaneous clipping of aneurysmal neck is necessary to obtain a good outcome.

생쥐 대장 평활근 세포에서 내향 정류성 칼륨 전류의 특성 연구

이은주,김명,정명섭,조향훈,김기훈,하현철,김준수,최석,전제열 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.2

Objectives: K^(+) channels play an important role in regulating cellular excitability. The aim of this study was to know whether or not inward rectifier K^(+) channel exists in colonic smooth muscle cells. Methods: Mouse colonic smooth muscle cells were isolated using collagenase, and then we recorded their membrane currents using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. Results: With 90 mM K^(+) in bath, hyperpolarization-induced inward currents from -120 mV to 20 mV with 400 ms duration at a holding potential of -10 mV showed rapid activation, inactivation and inward rectification. The inactivation showed single exponential time course. Reduction of external K^(+) to 60 mM decreased the amplitudes of the currents in whole test voltage range and shifted the reversal potential to more negative potential. The inactivation process and peak currents of hyperpolarization-induced inward currents were not affected by removing external Na^(+). External Ba^(+) blocked hyperpolarization-induced inward currents by dose-dependent manner and pure Ba^(+)-sensitive currents showed strong inward rectification. Cs^(+) also suppressed hyper- polarization-induced inward currents. Ba^(+) and Cs^(+)-induced inhibitiOn of hyperpolarization-induced inward currents was voltage-dependent, and the extent of inhibition increasing with membrane hyperpolarization. Conclusions: These results suggest that inward rectifier KU channels may exist in proximal colonic smooth muscle and may play an important role in regulating membrane potential.

Shigella flexneri에 의한 집단발병의 역학적 양상

기현균,김선희,기혜영,서진종,하동룡,김은선,정재근,김성한,이복권 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

배경 : 국내에서 Shigella flexneri에 의한 감염으로 인한 집단발병은 2000년도에 국립보건원에 집단발병례가 보고된 이후 보고되지 않았으나 최근 저자 등은 S. flexneri에 의한 대규모 집단발병을 경험하여 역학적인 양상을 기술하였다. 방법 : OO회사의 직원 및 구내식당을 이용한 사람 및 가족들을 대상으로 증상여부 및 2002년 12월 23일 이후 식당이용 여부와 취식음식에 대하여 설문조사를 실시하였으며 검체를 확보하여 미생물학적 검사를 실시하였다. 결과 : 조사대상 총 258명 중 총 110명에서 증상이 발생하였으며 증상발생일의 분포는 단일정점을 보였다. 확진자는 82명으로 이중 81명은 OO의 식당을 이용한 사람이었고 1명은 식당에서 직접 조리과정에 참여한 사람이었다. 식사여부와 증상여부의 관계를 분석한 결과 특히 24일의 취식여부의 상대위험도가 가장 높았다(RR=6.46, 3.56≤95% CI≤11.75). 항균제 내성 양상은 ampicillin 내성균주가 82균주(100.0%) ampicillin-sulbactam 내성균주가 55균주(67.1%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid에 대한 내성균주가 62균주(74.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 내성균주가 82균주로 나타났다(98.8%). 분리된 균주간의 연관성을 보기 위하여 실시한 PFGE 결과 본 집단발병에서 확인된 균주는 동일한 양상을 보였으나 비슷한 시기에 분리된 균주와는 서로 다른 양상을 보였다. 결론 : 본 집단발병은 국내에서 발생한 S. flexneri에 의한 집단발병 중 가장 대규모 집단발병이었다. 본 집단발병에서 확인된 균주간의 PFGE양상이 동일하였으나 기존에 국내에서 분리된 균주의 PFGE양상과는 다른 양상을 보였다. 따라서 이러한 상황을 감안한다면 S. flexneri 및 설사환자에 대한 감시체계를 강화해야 할 것이다. Background : Most of the shigellosis outbreak in Korea was caused by Shigella sonnei since late 1990's. In contrast, outbreak by Shigella flexneri were rare since late 1990's. Currently. we experienced the shigellosis outbreak by S. flexneri and described the results of investigation. Methods : We recruited employees from company "A" who had a meal at least once at the company's cafeteria from Dec 23th, 2002 to Dec 26th, 2002. We surveyed the symptoms, food items, and history of travel of eligible persons and their family members. For the microbiological examination, we collected specimen from eligible persons and their family. Collected specimens were cultured for bacteriologic agents and viruses. Epidemiological relationship among the isolates were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results : Among the eligible persons, one hundred ten were symptomatic (110/258, 42,6%). Eighty-two were confirmed bacteriologically. Day of symptom onset showed a unipolar pattern. Diarrhea was the most common symptom among the symptomatic patients (110/110, 100%). The other symptoms included abdominal pain (81.8%), tenesmus (70.0%), headache (63.6%), nausea (61.8%), febrile sense (59.1%), and vomiting (24.5%). Lunch on 24th Dec was the most significant risk factor of the outbreak (RR=6.46, 3.56≤95% Cl≤11.75). All isolates of the outbreak has the same pattern on PFGE analysis and the PFGE pattern was not similar compared with other S. flexneri isolates from Korea. Conclusion : This is the largest and unique outbreak by S.flexneri since 2000 in Korea. The outbreak has the same origin according to the PFGE pattern and epidemic characteristics. Considering rarity of S.flexneri among shigellosis in Korea, surveillance for S.flexneri should be enhanced.

두 개 학교에서 동시에 발생한 SRSV 감염증의 역학적 양상 및 바이러스의 유전적 양상

기현균,정영화,정재근,서진종,김선희,기혜영,천두성,지영미,하동룡 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.2

배경 : SRSV는 바이러스에 의한 설사의 주요 원인병원체이다. 그러나 SRSV가 집단 식중독의 원인 병원체로 발견된 경우는 많지 않으며 특히 일정한 지역사회 내에서의 바이러스의 유전적인 다양성에 대한 연구는 없는 상황이다. 이러한 점에 착안하여 저자 등은 2개 학교에서 같은 시기에 동시에 발생한 SRSV 식중독의 역학적인 양상을 기술하며 식중독에서 나타난 SRSV의 유전학적인 변이를 기술하고자 한다. 방법 : 학교에서의 조사를 위하여 집단 식중독이 발생한 두 학교의 학생을 면접하여 인구학적 자료, 증상여부 및 증상의 종류, 섭취한 음식의 종류 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 미생물학적 검사를 위하여 4종의 세균과(Shigella spp. Salmonella spp. E. coli O157 : H7) 3종의 바이러스에 대하여 검사를 실시하였다(Norwalk agent, SRSV, adenovirus, and astrovirus). 결과 : 조사결과 두 학교에서의 증상자 수는 193명이었으며(193/2,843. 6.8%) 환자 증상일의 분포곡선은 단일정점을 보이는 양상이었다. 나타난 증상으로는 복통(176/193, 91.2%), 두통(111/193, 57.5%), 구토(102/193, 52.8%), 설사(83/193, 43.0%), 열감(79/193, 40.9%), 오심(73/193, 37.8%), 오한(49/193, 25.4%), 후중기의 순이었다(8/193, 4.1%). 실험실 검사결과 9건의 검체에서 SRSV가 PCR로 확인되었으며 RNA polymerase에 대한 DNA sequencing 결과 두 학교에서 각각 2개의 genogroup (Genogroup Ⅰ, Ⅱ)과 3개의 genotype이 발견되었다. 결론 : 본 연구결과 두 학교에서 동시에 발생한 SRSV에 의한 집단 감염증을 확인하였으며 3개의 다른 genotype을 각각의 학교에서 확인하였다. 본 연구의 의의는 같은 시기에 집단으로 발생한 SRSV 감염증이라도 서로 다른 유전형이 발견될 수 있음을 제시하였으며 추후 지역사회 및 국내에서의 SRSV 감염증에서 발견된 유전형과의 차이에 대한 연구가 진행되어야 함을 시사하는데 있다. Background: Small round structured virus (SRSV) is one of the common etiologic agents of viral gastroenteritis in childhood. However, SRSV has not easily been detected in many diarrheal outbreaks. Therefore, we experienced simultaneous outbreak of SRSV enteritis in two elementary schools, therefore, we analyzed the result of the surveillance. Methods: We interviewed the pupil of two schools and questioned their demographic data, presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, contact with symptomatic persons within the last two weeks, and dietary history within the last one week in school. The specimens of the symptomatic pupil were collected for identification of bacteria (Shigella spp, Salmonella spp, E.coli O157:H7) and viruses (Norwalk agent, SRSV, adenovirus, and astrovirus). Results: The number of symptomatic patients was 193 (193/2843, 6.8%) and the distribution of symptom onset was unipolar. Frequent symptoms of the patients were abdominal pain (176/193, 91.2%), headache (111/193, 57.5%), vomiting (102/193, 52.8%), diarrhea (83/ 193, 43.0%), febrile sense (79/193, 40.9%), nausea (73/193, 37.8%), chilling (49/193, 25.4%), and tenesmus (8/193, 4.1%). We identified SRSV in 9 cases by PCR method, and analyzed the RNA polymerase gene by DNA sequencing; 2 genogroup (Genogroup Ⅰ, Ⅱ) and 3 genotype. Conclusion: We confirmed SRSV enteritis with different genotypes in two concurrent outbreaks. DNA sequencing and comparison of genotype among the isolated SRSV in near future are be necessary

A Study on Multicultural Mentoring Functions and Mentor Competencies

Jin-Kee Ha,Jaeun Roh,Taek-Gu Kang 중앙대학교 문화콘텐츠기술연구원 2016 다문화콘텐츠연구 Vol.0 No.23

With the problem consciousness that from the social integration perspective, to enable multicultural mentoring to work more effectively, mentoring should meet certain necessary requirements for mentees while maintaining an informal meeting framework, this study examined the mentoring functions and mentor competencies. Thus, based on the analysis of the survey responses of mentees who had experienced multicultural mentoring, this study identified mentorings key functions and mentors key competencies, and thus presented the requirements for mentoring and mentors to enable multicultural mentoring to be established as a meaningful system. Towards that end, the data of 106 mentees who had participated in mentoring programs at multicultural family support centers in Seoul and Daejeon were analyzed. Five mentoring functions were derived (i.e., educational, problem-solving, partnership, social support, and emotional support functions) based on those that got the highest total average scores, and three mentor competencies were derived: insight, cognitive ability, and openness. Lastly, based on these findings of this study, a proposal for future relevant studies was made.

A Study on the Functional Relationship Between the Legal Status of the Domestic Korean Chinese and Their Ethnic Identity

Ha, Jin-Kee 중앙대학교 문화콘텐츠기술연구원 2018 다문화콘텐츠연구 Vol.0 No.29

The Korea-residing ethnic Korean Chinese saw a change in their legal status as foreign ethnic Korean workers through South Korea`s implementation of the Employment Management System and Employment Permit System following the amendment of South Korea`s 2004 Overseas Korean Act, as well as its implementation of the 2007 Visit Employment System. From the viewpoint of the labor market segmentation theory, this was made possible as South Korea`s demand for the 2nd labor market, and the Korea-residing ethnic Korean Chinese`s voluntary hope for entering the Korean labor market combined in order to meet each other`s requirements. In particular, the 2007 Visit Employment System has motivated the ethnic Korean Chinese to be relocated to South Korea in large numbers, and prompted the formation of their collective residence as they settled in South Korea stably in terms of economy. However, as they attempted to differentiate their culture from the Korean culture in their collective residence in what is known as a segmented assimilation, this weakened their Korean people identity, which was understood as a medium mediating with the Korean society, while strengthening their identity as a Chinese ethnic minority. Implications of a change in such ethnic identity creation of the Korea-residing ethnic Korean-Chinese are presented as follows from a future-oriented embrace viewpoint. First, if the Korean society intends to accept the Korea-residing ethnic Korean Chinese as its members, it needs to accept and adapt to the segmented assimilation phenomenon that appears in their collective residence. Second, since the Korea-residing ethnic Korean Chinese`s formation of collective residence and their segmented assimilation phenomenon may influence other foreign migrants, the Korean society needs to boost its warning of this phenomenon. Third, the Korean society needs to deepen its understanding of the existing ethnic concept scope and rearrange the related laws from an equality viewpoint.

Overview of the Korean-Chinese People Clustered in Jayang-dong, Seoul, and Policy Tasks

Ha, Jin-kee,Park, Jae-young 역사실학회 2016 역사와실학 Vol.60 No.-

최근 한국사회는 급격하게 다문화사회로 이행하고 있다. 본 논문은 문헌조사를 기본으로 한 참여관찰 방법을 적용하여, 국내 중국동포 밀집지역 중 하나인 광진구 자양동의 상권 및 거주 지역 현황을 분석하여 내국인과 중국동포의 소통과 공존을 위한 정책적 대안을 제시해 보고자 기획되었다. 자양동 중국동포 밀집지역은 대림동, 가리봉동, 구로동 등 여타 밀집지역과는 다르게 그 형성시기가 비교적 최근이고 조금 더 개방적인 성격을 지니고 있으며, 도시 공간적 측면에서 특이한 현상으로 볼 수 있다. 그럼에도 연구 결과, 자양동에 거주하고 있는 중국동포들은 아직까지 한국사회에 적응하는데 있어서 여러 가지 어려움에 직면해 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고 중국동포가 지역사회에 잘 적응하기 위해서는 다방면에서의 노력이 필요하다. 자양동 거주 중국동포들이 좀 더 한국에 잘 적응할 수 있게 돕기 위해서 정부와 지자체 차원의 제도가 보완되어야 할 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제시한 정책적 대안들을 적절히 실행한다면 자양동 중국동포들이 한국에 잘 적응하고 내국인들이 조선족들에게 느끼는 거리감이나 부정적 인식개선에도 기여할 수 있을 것이다. Since recently, the South Korean society has been rapidly shifting to a multicultural society. This study uses basically literature survey and the participation and observation method to analyze the commercial and residential status of Jayang-dong in Gwangjin-gu, one of the country’s Korean-Chinese people cluster areas, in a bid to offer policy alternatives for improving the communication and co-existence of the Korean nationals and the Korean-Chinese people. The Jayang-dong Korean-Chinese people cluster area was more recently formed and is more open compared to the other Korean-Chinese cluster areas, like Daerim-dong, Garibong-dong, and Guro-dong, and has assumed a particular urban space pattern. Nonetheless, this study’s findings revealed that the Korean-Chinese people residing in Jayang-dong are still facing many difficulties adjusting to the South Korean society. Multi-faceted efforts are needed to address such problems and to help the Korean-Chinese people adjust well to their respective communities. Relevant systems should be improved at the level of the central and local governments to help the Jayang-dong Korean-Chinese people better adjust to the South Korean society. Thus, if the proposed policy alternatives are appropriately implemented, it will help the Jayang-dong Korean-Chinese people better adjust to South Korea, and to the improvement of the Korean nationals’ perception of the Korean-Chinese.

Analysis of Relationship Between Mentor and Mentoring for Personality Improvement of Multicultural Family Adolescents.

( Ha Jin-kee ) , ( Yun Hyang-hee ) 한국윤리학회 2016 倫理硏究 Vol.110 No.1

The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship between a mentor and mentoring for character building of multicultural family adolescents of Korea which entered multicultural, multiracial society. To do so, `Mentor Competency`, `Mentoring Function`, `The Effect of Mentor Competency and Mentoring Function on Personality` and `Mediation Effect of Sub-variables of Mentoring Function` were set. The personal characteristics and ability of a mentor and a mentee were different depending on career-related function, psychosocial function, and role model function for personality improvement, which was not constant. Although there was difference by gender, grade, and period, it is necessary to make intentional effort for mentoring by each factor for the effective personality improvement. The suggestions for ways for personality improvement of multicultural family adolescents are as follows. First, the mentor training program, which includes value, perception, education, and experience, for cultivating the individual capacity of a mentor is necessary. Second, the program for cultivating knowledge with which one can understand the mentoring function by items such as career development function, psychosocial function, and role model function suggested by Burke(1984) is necessary. Third, the program to enhance the acceptance and understanding of mutual culture positively is needed so that mentor competency and mentoring function may become the place of learning for personality improvement. Fourth, the systematic program of a long term level which can improve knowledge, social insight, and moral, social demonstration ability is required.