서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

전해산성수를 이용한 새로운 내시경 소독 시스템(Cleantop WM-1??)의 소독효율

이준행,이풍렬,송재훈,이남용,임윤정,장재권,김영호,김재준,백승운,이종철,최규완 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.2

Background : Electrolyzed acid water (EAW) is a new liquid chemical germicide containing a mixture of oxidizing species and prepared by mixing a small amount of salt with tap water in an electrolyzer. We attempted an in-use evaluation of the high-level disinfection capability of Cleantop WM-1□, a new endoscope reprocessing system using EAW. Methods : Forty-seven flexible endoscopes were randomly collected just after upper endoscopic examinations and were disinfected using Cleantop WM-1□. Parts of the endoscopes without contact to EAW were disinfected with 75% ethyl alcohol. Immediately after the disinfection procedure, samples were taken from the biopsy channel (S-1), tip of the insertion tube (S-2), the umbilical cord (S-3), and the angulation knob (S-4). Results : In EAW-disinfected parts of the endoscopes, the culture-positive rates were 4.3% (2/47) in S-1 samples and 12.8% (6/47) in S-2 samples. In ethyl alcohol-disinfected area, the culture-positive rates were 2.1% (1/47) in S-3 samples and 25.5% (12/47) in S-4 samples. The colony counts of culture-positive samples ranged from 1 to 144. Pseudomonas aerugi-nasa was recovered from the angulation knob of an endoscope, but other contaminating organisms were mostly : normal flora or opportunistic pathogens. Conclusion : Although part of the endoscopes disinfected with 75% ethyl alcohol were contaminated with more organisms than EAW-disinfected areas, Cleantop WM-1□ showed a relatively good disinfection efficacy in reprocessing patient-used endoscopes. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:133∼138, 2001)

정형외과 영역에서 Isepacin^(�)(Isepamicin sulfate)의 감염 치료의 효과

정재윤,송은규,신종희 최신의학사 1997 最新醫學 Vol.40 No.7

토양증기추출법을 이용한 오염토양정화에 관한 연구

박규홍,이재훈 中央大學校 建設環境硏究所 1998 環境科學硏究 Vol.9 No.1

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of vapor extraction for remediation of B.T.E.X-contaminated soils, bench-scale laboratory experiments were conducted. Several parametric studies were performed to evaluate the effect of soil grin size, air injection flow rate, and extraction vacuum pressure on the B.T.E.X. removal efficiency. When larger soil grains were used, B.T.E.X. removal efficiency was significantly increased during the early stages of air injection. After 2 hours of extraction , the increase of soil grain size from D50 = 0.31 mm to D50 = 1.2mm resulted in the change of B.T.E.X. removal efficiency from 61 to 76%. When the air-flow rate was increased from 0.5 L/min , the B.T.E.X. removal efficiency was increased from 83 to 89% after 10 hours of extraction. When the extraction vacuum pressure was increased from inHG to 21 inHG, the B.T.E.X. removal efficiency was increased from 59 to 89% after 10 hours of extraction. Pulsed venting resulted in almost the same recovery efficiency as continuous venting when using the same flow rate. However, pulsed venting required less time than continuous venting, suggesting that the one may be more cost effective than the other.

Pre-strain狀態에서의 熔接後熱處理가 構造用鋼熔接熱影響部의 破壞靭性에 미치는 影響

林載奎,鄭世喜 全北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

In order to study the change of fracture toughness owing to post weld heat treatment of welded specimens under the elastic bending deformation, after post weld heat treating of four different conditions, that holding time is 0, 1/4hr, 1hr and 10hr, on the welding joint of the high strength steel with bead on plate, tested the low temperature fracture toughness, observed the microstructure and measurred the microhardness. We obtained the results as follows. 1. Fracture toughness depends upon the heat treatment conditions. 2. Fracture toughness of the specimen under the pre-strain remarkablly increased until the holding time of the heat treatment is one hour, but it was almost saturated over the one hour. 3. Tempering the welding HAZ with the maximum (H_v=250), it became soft to H_v=170, but tempering under the elastic straining (ε=0.024), increased the hardness to the H_v=210. 4. Tempering at the condition of the elastic strain on the HAZ structure, fracture toughness greatly depends upon the hot working deformation.

韓·日間 異業種交流 沒入 및 經營權 承繼方式의 差異硏究

李在奎,金慶淑 韓日經商學會 1994 韓日經商論集 Vol.10 No.-

In early 1970s, some of Japanese small firms that ran different type of businesses got together and established a small group, so called Technomixing Group (TG,in Japnaese, IGYOSUKORUI) with the local government support to cope with severe, rapid changing economic environments; economic recession following oil shock in 1973, Japanese open markets policy, and capital liberalization, etc. In 1989, some Korean Small & Medium Industry Promotion Corporation(SMIPC) and several Banks. Up to now, the idea itself is well spread, but numbers of Korean Technomixing Groups(KTG), let alone the activites, are not reportedly increased well. Why? Is it because of the different national culture? Or is it because of the different economic development stage of the recipient country? The research is trying to find the reasons through comparative study between Japan and Korea. I experienced many years in observing the activities of KTGs and several times in Japan. Roughly speaking, there are some significant differences in doing TG activies ; participation rate in meeting, duration time of meeting, topics discussed, sincerity, etc. In Korea, especially in Taegu where I live, the meeting is no more than a social gathering. 10 out of total 13 TGs in Taegu were established and sponsored by Banks. Some of TGs finished a round of plant visits. After visiting manufacturing facilities, usually one of members of TG invited the rest of group to his home each other. The purpose is to understand further each other and enhance the level of trust. Sometimes they invited lawyers, medical doctors, and professors from various fields to make a speech. KTG is still under first stage that means we need more experiences and have to spend many years to do joint business or collective activities like R&D. But in spite of that I thought and observed some cultural factors which stimulate cooperative behaviors in Japan and deter the foward moving in Korea in terms of TG. Generally to say, there are some important different cultures between Japan and Korea in relation to TG. First, Japan has a long history of decentralized government system, while Korea has had a strong centralized government system over its long history. The implication for TG is that Japanese local goverments are concerned with local businesses and TG activities more than Korean local goverments. Second, Japanese businessmen, allegedly, want their companies to be taken over by efficient managers, if they think, their sons are not capable enough to run a business that means Japanese society and family is succeeded and intergrated by not necessarily blood-related descents, while Korean businessmen pass over their enterprises to their sons preferably. Third, it is argued, albeit controversial, that in doing something Japanese are more cooperative each other than Koreans are. These differences may explain the different extents of TG spread ratio between Japan and Korea. Fourth, Japanese markets and economic growth stage is more mature than those of Korea. Fifth, Japaness unique management style also helped and promoted Japanese stable network organization. To investigate whether TG is Japanese specific management technique or not, I studied further and did Cross-Tab analysis. The results show that the degree of involvement, and succession, are significantly different between Korea and Japan. Governance was insignificant. But there are conflicting results on coopertive attitudes between same kind of businesses and different kind of businesses. Over all evidence from the study indicates that the attitude of Korean businessmen toward their businesses and cooperation with others are significantly different with those of Japanese. Relatively, Japanese businessmen are more active, and more anxious to keep their firms succeeded.

抽象美術의 接近方法 摸索 및 表現에 관한 硏究 : focusing on the Formative Element 造形要素를 중심으로

오재규 건국대학교 조형연구소 1999 조형연구 Vol.7 No.-

Abstract Art has relieved of its burden to reproduce. Abstract Art is to find and express its own original beauty, looking at itself in the state of genuineness. In the past painters had to express his thought, ideology or beauty through subjects like human body or nature. To reproduce three dimensional space and objects into a plane surface, they had to device every means. They succeeded in reproducing objects on a canvas through scientific methods like perspective representation of line, atmosphere, and color, technique of shading, expression of massiveness using contrast of chiaroscuro knoeledge on anatomy analyzing human body. Reproduction of reality meant not the artistic, creativity and essence but a mimetic and technical success. Abstract art has shown that superb expression is possible only with an order within a painting or automatism of materials. Since then it became possible for painters to express freely using only the genuine formative elements directly on a canvas. The meaning of Abstract Art lies in accomplishing its complete independence from outside influence or intervention, and in rediscovering the genuine value and essence of formative elements which constitute painting and in finding the fact that genuine art can be made only of these elements. Since then Abstract Art has been taking an important role as the biggest resource of energy, in the various and rich developments of creative art at the center and in every phase of modern art.

과립구 감소 환자의 감염시 Imipenem/cilastatin 단독요법의 치료효과 : Piperacillin-amikin 병합요법과의 무작위 비교

송재훈,최승원,박수길,고윤석,서철원,이규형,이정신,문희법,김상희 대한화학요법학회 1991 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.9 No.2

To evaluate the efficacy of the single agent therapy for the initial management of fever in neutropenic patients, we conducted a prospective randomized trial comparing imipenem/cilastatin alone with a combination of piperacillin and amikacin. Among 40 evauable episodes of fever, stratum A(hematologic malignancy, n=30) consisted of 15 imipenem group and 15 piperacillin plus amikacin group and stratum B consisted of 10 cases with solid tumor. There was no difference in age, sex, duration of neutropenia, initial granulocyte count and number of cases with severe neutropenia(<100/㎣) between two groups. Overall response rate to imipenem was higher(86.6%) than combination therapy group(53.5%) in stratum A, but statistical difference was not found. Overall response rate to imipenem in solid tumor was 100% whereas to combination therapy group was 40%. There was no serious toxicity on imipenem use. We conclude that imipenem monotherapy could be an effective & safe empirical therapy in the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients.

투명경영과 책임 경영 그리고 윤리 경영 : 사외이사제 도입을 계기로 다시 강조되는 기업윤리 Revisit the Business Ethics after the Introduction of Outside Board of Directors

李在奎 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1998 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.3

기업은 다양한 이해관계자 집단(주주·종업원·채권자·정부·소비자·공급자·지역사회 등)의 이해관계가 걸린 복잡한 현대 조직이다. 영리조직으로서 기업조직이 사회에 등장한 이후, 기업의 역할과 기업의 윤리에 대해서는 논쟁이 계속되어 왔다. 자유기업의 옹호자 프리드리히 하이에크는 기업에 대해 사회지 책임이 강요되고, 국가에 의한 기업통제가 증대되면, 결국 자유기업 체제의 붕괴를 가져오고야 말것이라고 지적했는데, 이는 이유 있는 경고이다. 하이에크에 따르면, 기업이 추구해야 할 유일한 목적은 기업자본출자자의 수탁자로서 장기 최대의 이윤을 달성하는 것이라고 하였다. 프리드먼도 자유사회기 존립을 위해서는 기업의 사회적 책임은 부정되어야 한다는 주장을 한다. 자유경제에서 기업의 유일한 책임은 그 경기규칙(rules of game)속에서의 이윤추구이며, 다만 사기나 부정수단이 아니라 공개적으로 자유로운 경쟁에 참가하는 공정한 경쟁만이 윤리적으로 요구되고 그 밖의 다른 사회적 책임은 짊어질 필요가 없다고 하였다. 이와 같은 주장에 대한 반대 의견으로서, 최근 기업의 사회적 책임을 적극적으로 강조하는 주장이 있다. 기업의 규모가 커지고 또한 그 영향력이 확대됨에 따라 미국 등 선진국에서는 기업의 사회적 책임 또는 기업윤리의 문제는 사회적 제재와 법적규제 차원을 넘어서 스스로 그 양심에 기초하여 윤리적 책임을 다하는 방향으로 정리되고 있다. 기업의 의사결정이 사회적 요구와 기업윤리에 적합하도록 한 제도설정(institution building)가운데 하나가 곧 사외이사제도이다. 사외이사제도는 이사회 구성원(board members)의 일부를 회사차 독립성을 갖는 외부 인사로 선임하는 제도이다. 사외이사제도는 원래 이사회를 중심으로 기업을 경영하고 있는 미국 기업의 이사회에서 이사의 독립성을 보장하기 위해 채택하는 제도이다. 우리나라도 시대적 흐름에 맞추어 1998년 4월 1일 발효되는 개정된 증권거래법은 소수주주권을 강화하고 있는데, 이것은 자본주의적 기업관치 제한과 사회적 책임의 확대라는 관점에서 이해할 수 있다. 이것은 또한 기업이 소규모 이윤추구조직으로 출발하여 규모가 커지면서 수탁경영체제로 그 역할이 전환되었을 뿐만 아니라, 기업이 사회적 존재로서 삶의 질을 보장하는 하나의 장소가 되었다는 것을 의미하는 것이다. 그런 차원에서 기업의 모습은 윤리·책임·투명경영을 통해「강한기업」에서 「선한기업」으로 변신할 필요성이 있다.

포스트 포드주의와 비즈니스 리엔지니어링의 비교

李在奎 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1995 社會科學硏究 Vol.2 No.1

이 논문은 미국을 비롯한 선진국의 기업들에서는 물론이고 최근 우리나라의 대기업들 사이에 유행하고 있는 경영혁신기법인 비즈니스 리엔지니어링을 포스트 모더니즘의 문예사조와 조절이론가들이 주장하는 포스트 포드주의 생산양식과 비교하여, 동시대적 정서구조와 시대정신 그리고 정치경제적 사고의 밑바탕에 깔려 있는 동질성을 찾고, 지금까지 단순히 정보기술을 이용한 경영혁신기법으로만 인식되고 있는 비즈니스 리엔지니어링을 포스트 모던 경영학의 핵심으로 파악하려는 것이다. 사회의 각 부문은 서로 유기적으로 관련을 맺는다. 따라서 한 부문의 변화는 다른 부문들에게도 영향을 미친다. 18세기 중반 이후의 모더니즘은 예술분야뿐만 아니라, 경제분야 즉 생산양식에서도 테일러주의와 포드주의, 그리고 페이욜의 경영관리원칙과 베버의 관료주의 등으로 확립된다. 그러나 1968년 이후 철학과 미학 그리고 문학에 있어서 모더니즘은 포스트 모더니즘으로 대체되면서 사회의 각 분야는 급속한 변화에 휩싸였고, 1970년대 초반부터 포드주의의 축적체제는 위기를 맞았다. 특히 사회분야에 있어서는 ME(극소전자)기술의 발전에 따른 노동의 소외문제가 다시 등장하고, 경제학에서는 포드주의 위기를 해결하기 위해 조절이론이 등장하였다. 기업사회와 경영학에서는 대량생산과 과소소비로 발생한 이윤율 저하를 해결하기 위해 리엔지니어링 기법이 선풍적으로 도입되고 있다. 예술·사회·경제 경영학의 이러한 추세는 상호 독립적인 것이 아니라 포스트 모더니즘, 후기산업사회, 정보화사회(제3의 물결), 지식사회, 자본주의 이후의 사회로 표현되는 20세기 후반의 공통적인 조류인 것을 고찰한다.