다제내성 그람양성균에 대한 Linezolid(Zyvox^(�))의 시험관내 항균력 비교

박대원,정희진,엄중식,황병연,김성범,이재갑,이연주,정혜원,정성주,박재형,이진수,손장욱,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

배경 : MRSA, VRE, VRSA같은 다제 내성 그람 양성균의 등장에 따라 glycopeptide를 대체할 새로운 항생제의 개발이 필요하게 되었고 결과적으로 새로운 항생제인 linezolid라는 항생제가 개발되었다. Linezolid는 이전의 항생제와는 다른 새로운 계열의 oxazolidinone으로 경구 이용률이 우수하다. 원내 및 원외감염의 중요한 원인균이 되고 있는 MRSA, VRE에 대한 적절한 경구용 항균제가 없는 국내에서 폐렴 및 피부 연조직 감염에서 경구용으로 사용해 볼 수 있는 약제이다. 본 연구에서는 고대 구로 병원에서 분리된 MRSA, VRE 등을 대상으로 다른 여러 항균제와 비교한 linezolid의 시험관내 항균력을 조사하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 연구대상은 1998년 1월부터 2000년 12월까지 본원에서 입원 및 외래를 통하여 피부 연조직 감염증 및 호흡기 감염증, 요로감염증으로 진단된 환자들의 가검물로부터 분리된 MRSA 60균주, VRE 43균주, PRSP 25균주를 액체배지 또는 한천배지 희석법을 통하여 linezolid 및 기타 항균제에 대한 최소발육억제농도를 구하였다. 결과 : 실험에 사용한 S. aureus는 모두 MRSA였고 이들은 linezolid에 대해 MIC_(90) 2㎍/㎖(MIC 범위 1-2㎍/㎖), Enterococcus spp는 모두 VRE로 linezolid의 MIC_(90)은 2㎍/㎖로 MIC 범위는 1-4㎍/㎖였다. 한 개의 균주에서 MIC 4㎍/㎖로 중등도 감수성을 보였으나 MIC breakpoint가 (8㎍/㎖인 내성균주는 없고 모두 감수성을 보였다. S. pneumoniae의 경우 penicillin 내성이었고, linezolid MIC_(90) 1㎍/㎖ (MIC 범위 0.5-1㎍/㎖)로 전부 감수성을 보였다. 결론 : Linezolid는 MRSA를 위시한 VRE, PRSP 등의 다제 내성 그람 양성균에 대하여 우수한 시험관내 항균력을 보임을 알 수 있었다. Background : The emergence of multi-drug resistant Gram-positive cocci, such as MRSA, VRE, and VRSA, necessitated to develop new antibiotics, which could replace the glycopeptide. As a result, a new antibiotics named linezolid was developed. Linezolid is different line of oxazolidinones with a good oral bioavailability, compared to other antibiotics. Since appropriate oral antibiotics are not presently available for MRSA, which is a major cause of nosocomial and community acquired infections, the introduction of linezolid will have favorable effect on treatment of infections such as pneumonia or skin infections. In this study, we investigated the antibiotic effect of linezolid on MRSA and VRE isolated from patients who were treated in Korea University Guro Hospital. Material and Methods : By using broth microdilution and agar dilution method we measured minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with sixty S. aureus, forty three Enterococcus spp., and twenty five S. pneumoniae isolates from patients who were diagnosed as skin, soft tissue, respiratory, and urinary infections in Korea University Guro Hospital from January, 1998 to December, 2002. Results : All of S. aureus used in this study were MRSA, and MIG_(90) of linezolid was below 2 ㎍/㎖ (MIC ranged between 1-2 ㎍/㎖). All of Enterococcus spp. were VRE, and had MIG_(90) of 2 ㎍/㎖ (MIC ranged between 1 to 4 ㎍/㎖). One of the VRE showed intermediate susceptibility with MIC of 4 ㎍/㎖. However, none was resistant with MIC breakpoint above 8 ㎍/㎖. All of S. pneumoniae were resistant to penicillin, but they were susceptible to linezolid with MICao of 1 ㎍/㎖(MIC range 0.5-1㎍/㎖). Conclusion : In conclusions, linezolid has an excellent in vitro antibiotic effect on multi-drug resistant Gram-positive cocci, such as MRSA, PRSP, and VRE.

조기 대장암

이재범,박영진,박군주,김선회,박재갑,이건욱,박용현,최국진,김진복 대한대장항문학회 1998 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.14 No.3

우심방을 침범한 거대 비호지킨씨 림프종 1예

강상범,진승원,이은경,박용현,최용호,김용주,박준철,김재형,홍순조,최규보,권종범,원용순,박건,이은희 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

환경친화적 건축에서 내외연관성과 공간적 표현에 관한 연구

박재범,구본덕 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2001 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.29 No.1

This study aims to consider the theoretical background, concept, principle and the technique of application of the Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Architecture, to search for basic factors which cause the association of the interior and exterior from three aspects of building : space, envelope system, shape form and then to establish the analysis standards. The results of this study are as follows : The association in the sustainable architecture introduces the natural and artificial control methods of bioclimatic factors to pursue environmental comfort. At one time it is a main concept in the design suitable to circulation system of the internal and external space to save energy. If the sustainable architecture is considered as the system of many components for effective bioclimatical control, it is significant how bioclimatic factors apply to design or system elements synthetically. Thus it is the association of the interior and exterior that represents such things. The association arises from mutual independence, circulation and etc. and thus architectural elements can be applied in many ways according to its quality. In the aspect if space the association can be represented by reflecting the influence on the thermal and lighting environment with the principle of zoning in spacial design and introducing unit space of buffer into spacial composition. In spacial composition in consideration of thermal environment we need to zone the space according to thermal scheme and set up the thermal buffer zone through transitional space of sub-space. And by doing so the effective environmental control over climate can be gained.

고량강의 항염증 작용에 대한 연구

박히준,이제현,김수영,심범상,구헌종,강전모,최일환,이재동,김남재,이지숙,임사비나 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objective : The use of herbal therapy is becoming an increasingly attractive approach for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. The Alpiniae officinari Rhizoma is popular in Aisa as a traditional herbal medicine. Alpiniae officinari Rhizoma is a species of the ginger family(Zingiberacease). Method : This study was performed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Alpiniae officinari Rhizoma extract by the methods of "carrageenan induced paw edema" and "Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediators in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells". Result : We suggest that Alpiniae officinari Rhizoma extract decreased paw volume induced by plantar injection of carrageenan. Also Alpiniae officinari Rhizoma extract inhibited nitric oxide, prostaglandin E₂production and induced nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression in Mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Conclusion : This study shows that Alpiniae officinari Rhizoma extract seems to have anti-inflammatory effect by inhibition of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E_(2) production and nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression.

우리나라 物價變動會計制度의 導入方案에 관한 硏究

朴範鎬,宋在萬,李勉榮,蔡奎學 홍익대학교 경영연구소 1985 경영연구 Vol.9 No.-

As accounting is an outgrowth of society, we can say that the accounting system of each country is derived from its economic situation and from the people's outlook no economic values. Thus when the economic situation of one country is different from that of another country, and the outlook of the people of one country is different from that of another country, they the accounting system for changing prices as well as general accounting systems may be different. Actually accounting systems of different countries are not identical. The writers of this paper try to find an accounting system for changing prices suitable to out country. The writers review various theories on accounting systems for changing prices, survey accounting systems of various countries and basic patterns of such systems, and in vestigate the actual conditions of our country in order to provide accounting information which reflects the effect of changing prices and to give a practicable accounting system. In this paper, the writers state their opinions about accounting systems for changing prices as follows: 1)The demand for the publication of accounting information about the effect of changing prices upon the financial status and operational result of a business is a world-wide trend. Considering that our industries are now aiming at opening a capital market, we should establich an accounting system for changing prices in order to follow the world-wide current. 2) As we intend to follow the world-wide current, to get useful accounting information, and to get a practicable accounting system, the most suitable system for us is the current value accounting system The current value accounting system mentioned here does not provide information supplementary to that of the financial statements based on the historical cost but it provides a substitute of the current value financial statements for those based on the historical cost. Financial statements based on current values are standard statements. 3) In our country, there are no active studies or discussions on the accounting systems for changing prices. We need to set up an organization entirely responsible for the establishment of a desirable accounting system for changing prices, responsible for the establishment of guidelines for putting the system to use, and responsible for the coordination of the interests of those concerned.

중소제조기업의 원가관리회계 실증분석에 관한 연구 : 경기북부 지역를 중심으로

박주현,이재범 경복대학 1999 京福論叢 Vol.3 No.-

이 연구의 목적은 우리 나라 경기북부지역 중소제조업체의 원가관리회계시스템을 실증적으로 분석 하고자 연구하였다. 특히 경기북부지역은 경기남부지역과 산업구조면에서 커다란 차이를 보이고 있으며, 이를 중심으로 한 중소제조기업의 원가관리실태를 비교, 분석하는 것은 의미 있는 일이다 본 연구는 경기북부지역의 중소제조업체 200개를 선정하여 설문 조사로 원가운영실태를 분석하였으며, 특히 비슷한 산업구조를 갖은 원주지역의 선행연구 및 대기업 원가관리 실태와도 비교 분석 하여보았다. 이러한 연구결과 우리 나라 지역별 중소제조기업의 원가관리 시스템을 개발하고, 지역적 특성을 인식하는데 중요성이 있다. This study intends to analyze empirically the cost-managerial accuonting system of small-to-medium sized manufacturing enterprises in northern Kyung-gi area, Korea. Especially The industry-structures of northern Kyung-gi province are wide difference between those of southern Kyung-gi area. And it is interesting thing to analyze and to compare for cost-managerial accounting of small-to-medium sized manufacturing enterprises. In this study, 200 enterprises selected from northern Kyung-gi area has examined some letters of inquiry in order to analyze for cost-operating practice, and compared with the preceded study and cost-managerial practice of some large enterprises. In results from this study, there are important recognition to develope for cost-managerial system of regional small-to-medium sized manufacturing enterprises and regional characteristic.

여가 레크리에이션 프로그램의 개발 방향에 관한 연구

박용범,이재형 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This study aims to present the way to investigate the program of leisure recreation considering each age. Firstly, the program of leisure recreation for teenagers should be developed in their school firstly in the way of multiple methods and should be applied both in their school and home connectedly. And, the program for friendship, small group and working teenagers should be developed, too. Secondly, the program for housekeepers should be developed by each ward office and university. They should be operated in the class of health sport and hobby. And, a lot of leisure program should be investigated to develop their ability. Thirdly, for old ages, the program should be carefully excluded the existed form and contents as possible as t can. And it should be developed toward more hard and complex step. t needs to work connectedly in silver house and welfare house for old ages. Furthermore, t should be communicative program to communicate with other ages freely through the existed institute as Silver House(where old ages live together) and Care house(place to take care the old ages).

청소년의 여가활동 실태 및 만족도 분석

박용범,이재형,조병만 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of the various Education policies which can improve the problems after understanding the actual situation of the leisure activities of the middle school students, surveying and diagnosing the consciousness about the leisure activities, and analyzing problems. As for the subjects of tills study, the middle students who are currently enrolled in Y middle school in Suwon, Kyung-ki-do was selected as the population, and then totally 450 students were selected as the samples after the random sampling, The research subjects were totally 434 students who answered the survey among those 450 students. The survey papers which contain the ailing or unfaithful answers and contents among the total 434 students were excluded from this study. Therefore, the actual subject people who were applied to this study were totally 420 students. The sexual composition of the subject people are 24 male students(57.6%) and 178 female students(42.4%), and the male students have the a little higher rate than the female students. For the analysis of the data, in this study the frequencies analysis, cross analysis, independent t test, and one-way ANOVA were used as the useful statistical technique, the scheffe method was executed. At this time, the meaningful standard was analyzed after setting up as α=0.5. Through the above mentioned research method and course and based upon the produced research result, the following conclusion was induced. Firstly, the result of the analysis about the time of the leisure activities of the young people showed that the 120 students(28.6%) answered average under 2 or 3 hours to the question that how long leisure time per day you have, and this is the most frequent answers, and 105 students(25%) answered under 1 or 2 hours, Thus, the leisure time of the middle school students was surveyed as average under 2 or 3 hours per day and this was over 53.6%, and it was demonstrated that the students and young people were not active and emotional, and also enjoying the inactive and monotonous leisure activities because of the burden due to the time caused by the excessive studies and preparation for the entrance examination. Secondly, when seen through the analysis result of the actual condition of the leisure activities of the young people, it was known that there is the trend that the leisure activities of the young people are made up of the individual(houses of relatives, private educational institution), and merrymaking(cafe, billiard hall, bowling hall, karaoke room, and video-watching room) events. Thirdly, in case of the place for the leisure activities, it was shown that the female students enjoyed 'Library, municipal cultural center', 'cafe', 'karaoke, video-watching room', 'window shopping, street sightseeing', 'bookshop', 'cultural enjoyment', and 'private educational institution' rather than the male students did, and there was the meaningful difference statistically(P<.05). In the other hand, the male students enjoyed 'athletic facility', 'billiard hall, bowling hall', 'juvenile group', 'amusement facility, cartoon room, PC room' rather than the female students, and there was the meaningful difference statistically(P<.05). According to each the grade, in case of the 1st grade showed that they stayed 97 minutes in the karaoke and video watching room, and 94 minutes in the window shopping and street sightseeing, and 106 minutes in the amusement facility, and 21 minutes in the bookshop, and in case of 2nd grade, they were shown that they stayed 64 minutes in the reading room, and 35 minutes in the billiard room and bowling room, and lastly in case of 3rd grade, they were shown that they stayed 51 minutes in the instant food store and 247 minutes in the private educational institution. In case of the contact time with the mass media, there was no difference in the activities such as 'printing media such as the news papers and magazines', 'watching TV, but there was the meaningful difference according to the sexual distinction in the time for 'listening the radio', and 'using computer' statistically(p<.05). When concretely examined, the female student had average 34 minutes for listening the radio, and this is over 13 minutes than the male students whereas the male students spent 129 minutes in 'computer', and this is 37 minutes more than that of the female.