인간안보와 한국 외교

현인택,김성한 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2001 국제관계연구 Vol.5 No.1

Many countries have derived enormous economic benefits from the end of the Cold War. Yet, the income gap between the industrialized and developing worlds has continued to widen. This trend has been compounded in some countries by internal conflict and state failure. At the same time, new security threats have emerged, including an increase in transnational crime and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Armed conflict has taken on a different shape and is often rooted in religious or ethnic discord. Growing international recognition of human cost of conflict, in addition to other post-Cold War developments, has led the international community to reexamine the whole concept of security. This evolution in the perception of international security has resulted in a new concept of "human security." Human security recognizes that democratic development, human rights and fundamental freedoms, the rule of law, good governance, sustainable development and social equity are as important to global peace as are arms control and disarmament. Various issue areas in human security emerged as paramount as the economic crisis in Asia came to dominate Asia during the last years of the twentieth century. They include political and socio-economic insecurity; intra-state ethnic conflict and involuntary migration; drug-trafficking and transnational crime; environmental degradation; and the transfer of small arms and light weapons. Human security encompasses a wide array of complex issues that are interconnected with each other and thus demand knowledge and information for policy-makers to identify their state interests and recognize the latitude of actions deemed appropriate in specific issue-areas of human security. Thus, an international epistemic community needs to be formed with Korea's initiative to deal with newly emerging human security issues in the Asia-Pacific. If epistemic communities on human security help define the self-interests of a state, then, a coalition among the like-minded countries can be built. At this stage, government officials will try to make issue-based coalitions with other countries to establish allies in many fields of human security. Here, Korea can find some rooms for international cooperation depending on issues. Rapid information exchange could be used to strengthen such activities as addressing human rights abuses or international crime, areas where the rapid exchange of information across borders is essential. The strategy could also play a role in helping to establish free media and counter hate propaganda, and so bolster democracy and reduce likelihood of conflict in bolster democracy and reduce the troubled regions. Tackling the problem of food security is another area which could benefit from enhanced information networks as experts and information sources could be assessed quickly, facilitating the delivery of advice and knowledge. One of the stated aims of the first meeting of the ARF in 1994 was "the enhancement of political and security cooperation within the region as a means of ensuring a lasting peace, stability and prosperity for the region and its peoples." However, the financial crisis in Asia has proven that regional security arrangements are not well organised to handle a prolonged socio-economic shock. The imminent task the ARF faces is to prevent the socioeconomic effects of the financial crisis of Asia from developing into threats to human security. The ARF should identify the risks to security arising from economic, social and environmental problems and discuss their causes and potential consequences. Human security, most of all, is rooted upon protection of human rights, Human rights and regional security issues are inextricably linked. The security of nation states begins with the security of civil society of which they are composed. The security problems that beset the region-notably in Cambodia, North Korea, East Timor, and Myanmar-are the projected shadow of human rights violations. Conflicts cannot be resolved, confidence cannot be built and multilateral cooperation cannot be strengthened unless regional security issues are addressed at their root cause - violations of human rights. Thus, the violation of human rights needs to be prevented. The concepts of "human security" and "global governance" can raise perplexing questions. Whereas human security is concerned primarily with individual welfare conditions, global governance focuses on generalized rules of international regimes. To juxtapose these two concepts into a single thematic sweep may be considered too ambitious at best, or foolhardy at worst. But we are at a critical juncture in human history in which the forces of globalization can tip us toward either more human forms of governance or growing global gaps that will turn the world into islands of riches in oceans of structural poverty, resentment, and violence. Globalization of the world economy and society is increasingly calling for a broader consideration of security to include such humans rights as political, socio-economic, cultural, and environmental security. The opening of a new century has always served as a symbolic turning point in the history of human civilization. When cooperation is accumulated at the regional level, this will contribute to getting closer to global governance. The Asia-Pacific region is at a historical juncture between the roads to self-destruction and self-renewal. Even if the region has been hit by the financial crisis, it will have renewed opportunity of another take-off when it deals effectively with the root causes and effects of the financial crisis. This is the mission of the epistemic community on human security, which will determine the guiding principles of human security and promote regional cooperation through multilateral organizations in a future-oriented manner.

Nelumbinis Semen Reverses a Decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$Receptor Binding Induced by Chronic Mild Stress, a Depression-like Symptom

Jang, Choon-Gon,Kang, Moon-Kyu,Cho, Jae-Han,Lee, Sun-Bok,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Park, Soon-Kwon,Lee, Jin-Woo,Park, Seong-Kyu,Hong, Moo-Chang,Shin, Min-Kyu,Shim, In-Sup,Bae , Hyun-Su The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.10

Depression is associated with a dysfunctional serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) system. More recently, several lines of evidence suggest that an important factor in the development of depression may be a deficit in the function and expression of $5-HT_{1A}$ receptors. The present study assessed if Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) had an anti-depression effect through reversing a decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in rats with depression-like symptoms induced by chronic mild stress. Using a $5-HT_{1A}$ receptor binding assay, with a specific $5-HT_{1A}$receptor agonist, 8- OH-DPAT (8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin), the mechanism of the anti-depression effect of N. s. on rats was investigated, and the effects compared with two well-known antidepressants, Hyperium Perforatum (St. Johns Wort) and fluoxetine (Prozac). Animals were divided into five groups: the normal (N) group without chronic mild stress (CMS), the control (C) group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Hyperium Perforatum (H. p.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks and finally, the fluoxetine (F) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks. Each treatment was administered to rats during the last 4 weeks of the 8-week CMS. A sucrose intake test was performed to test the anti-depression effect of N. s. The N. s. treatment significantly reversed the decreased sucrose intake under CMS (P<0.05 compared to control group under CMS). In the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, both N. s. and H. p. reversed the CMS-induced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. In the I to II regions of the frontal cortex, N. s. and H. p. also reversed the CMS-induced decrease in$5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding, and even showed a significant increase in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding compared to the F treatment group (N. s. vs. P, p<0.05, H. p. vs. P, p<0.05). However, in the hypothalamus, all treatments reversed the CMSinduced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. This reversal effect of N. s. on the decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat brains was very similar to that of H. p, but different from that of F. It is concluded that N. s. presents an anti-depression effect through enhancing $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding.

A Digital Watermark

신정화,김인택,한승수 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In this paper, watermark technique has been proposed as a method to hide secret information into the signals so as to discourage unauthorized copying or attest the origin of the media. We present an approach for still image watermarking in which the watermark is embedded in the middle frequence area. It is confirmed from numerical experiments that the proposed method yields the watermarked image which is robust to several attacks.

전해응집공정을 이용한 염색폐수의 처리

이용택,한승우,조영개,이현문,김태근,손인식,양병수 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.4

This research studied the characteristics and applicability of electrocoagulation using aluminium electrode for the color and COD removal in textile wastewater. Electrocoagulation reactor used two different electrode, Fe and Al, since in the general chemical wastewater treatment, aluminium and ferrous salts were used as coagulants. Aluminium electrode showed higher removal efficiency of color and COD than ferrous electrode did. The COD and color removal efficiency improved at the 0.192A/dm^2 current density. Thus, the electrocoagulation process with bipolar aluminium electrode showed better efficiency in the decolorization and COD removal rate of textile wastewater effluent than custom coagulants did.

광촉매 산화반응에서 촉매의 비표면적과 기공 크기가 활성에 미치는 영향

오송택,최재석,이한수,이호인 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

Mesoporous TiO₂was prepared using esterification between poly ethylene glycol(PEG) and acetic acid, and was applied to the photocatalystic decomposition of 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (IMP), cyanide ion, and rhodamine B (RB) in order to study the effect of surface area and pore size on the activity. When catalysts had similar specific surface areas, the activity of photocatalytic decomposition of IMP was proportional to the pore size due to more facile diffusion into the pore. However, in case of cyanide which size is much smaller than the pore size of TiO₂the activity was proportional to the specific surface area, while a very large size molecule of RB caused low activity due to difficulty in diffusion into the pore.

영상 융합을 이용한 다중 스펙트럼 영상 분석

金漢烈,金仁澤 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - This paper presents a method for detecting skin tumors on chicken carcasses using multi-spectrum image. It utilizes both fluorescence and reflectance image information in multi-spectrum images. A detection system that is built on this concept can increase detection rate and reduce processing time, because the procedure for detection can be simplified. Chicken carcasses are examined first using band radio FCM information of fluorescence image and it results in candidate regions for skin tumor. Next classifier selects the real tumor spots using PCA components information of reflectance image from the candidate regions. For the real world application, real-time processing is a key issue in implementation and the proposed method can accommodate the requirement by using a limited number of features to maintain the low computational complexity. Nevertheless, it shows favorable results and, in addition, uncovers meaningful spectral bands for detecting tumors using multi-spectrum image. The method and findings can be employed in implementing customized chicken tumor detection systems.

S-208 In-Stent Restenosis-prone Lesion Characteristics

( Duck-jun Seo ),( Yong-kyun Kim ),( Ki-hong Kim ),( Taek-geun Kwon ),( In-geol Song ),( Dong-ju Yang ),( Wan-ho Kim ),( Yo-han Park ),( Hwan-hyi Cho ),( Young-hoon Seo ),( Hyun-woong Park ),( Jang-ho 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Objective: Instent restenosis (ISR) remains still an important issue even in drug-eluting stents era. We hypothesized that higher inflammatory reaction, which is known as an important atherosclerotic process, at the culprit lesion may have higher restenosis. We sought to evaluate the baseline coronary plaque composition in patients with ISR. Methods: Study population consisted of 241 patients with coronary artery disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with virtual histology- intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) and 9 months follow up coronary angiography. We compared coronary plaque composition between patients with ISR and those without ISR. Results: Patients with ISR (n=27, 11.2%) were likely to be older (66.2±9.5 years vs. 58.7±11.7 years, p=0.002), increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 1.60±3.59 mg/dl vs. 0.31±0.76 mg/dl, p<0.001) than those without ISR (n=214, 88.8%). Baseline angiographic, procedural findings and gray scale IVUS findings showed no significant differences between 2 groups. VH-IVUS examination showed necrotic core volume (22.1±19.9 mm3 vs.14.2±12.7 mm3, p=0.045) and percent necrotic core volume (14.3±8.7% vs. 19.5±9.1%, p=0.005) were higher in those without ISR than those with ISR, whereas percent fibrofatty volume was higher (16.6±9.7% vs. 12.4±8.4%, p=0.018) in those with ISR than those without ISR. The independent predictors for ISR were hs-CRP (Odd ratio=3.334, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.158~9.596, p=0.026), and age (Odd ratio=3.557, 95% CI; 1.242~10.192, p=0.018). Conclusions: This study suggests that ISR was not associated with baseline coronary plaque composition but old age and an increased inflammatory marker such as hs-CRP. Keywords: Intravascular Ultrasound, Instent Restenosis, Inflammation and restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention

개 이자의 Somatostatin 양성세포의 발달에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

장인엽,윤상필,정윤영,김종중,문정석,한길현,김영택,안계훈,선희매 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.2

Cells immnunoreactive for somatostatin(SOM) and glucagon(GLU) were investigated in postnatal day 0, 7, 14, 28, 90, 180 and adult canine pancreas using light microscopic immunohistochemistry. Pancreatic SOM-immunoreactive cells were found in pancreatic acini, pancreatic duct, and pancreatic islet gradually. Pancreatic SOM-immunoreactive cells were more located in pancreatic parenchyme than pancreatic islet throughout pancreas by postnatal day 28. But there was change by the postnatal 3 months : pancreatic SOM-immunoreactive cells were more located in pancreatic islet than acini and duct. It is suggested that the number of the SOM-immunoreactive cells may not increase with age apparently. A small number of SOM-immunoreactive cells that showed GLU-immunoreactivity were also observed in canine pancreatic islet. The physiologic consequences of these changes remain to be determined. These results sugegest that SOM in the developing pancreas may relate to the secretion of pancreatic hormones.

보의 층상균열의 위치 및 크기가 진동특성에 미치는 영향

韓秉基,柳澤仁,李晟熙 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This study aims at finding a effect of various position and length of laminar tear on vibrational characteristics on beam including shear deformation. General solution for nonlaminar tear and laminar tear regions are first established. Recurrence equations relating integration constants for adjacent interior regions are established by satisfying continuity conditions at junctions of interior region. The frequency determinant is then obtained by satisfying contiuity conditions at junction between end region and interior regions immediately next to the end region. Numerical results are compared for experimental and references results.

폴리에틸렌 글리콜과 아세트산의 에스테르화 반응을 통한 메조포러스 TiO_2의 제조 및 광촉매 산화반응에의 적용

오송택,최재석,이한수,이호인 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

TiO_2 was prepared through esterification between polyethlene glycol(PEG)and actic acid, and was applied to the photocatalytic decomposition of 2-isopropy1-6-nrthy1-4-pyrimidinol. Photocatalytic activity was increased with the increase of pore size which was produced by prmoving PEG diring calcination When excess amout of H_2O was added the catalytic removing PEG during calcination When excess amout of H_2O was added, the catalytic activtiy and pore size dercased as a result of direct hydrolsis vetween titanium precursor and water added. When the amount of PEG increased, esterification occurred more but the activity and the surface area of TiO_2 were derased, esterification because of agglomeration among PEG molecules.