여성의 감정이입과 남을 돕는 행동

전신현 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 1998 여성연구논총 Vol.13 No.-

This study asks the nature of the motivation underlying helping behavior and tests whether true altruism could exists. The most commonly proposed source of altruistic motivation is empathic emotion. Empathy is defined as an other-oriented feelings with an ability of taking other's perspective and a cognitive awareness of the other's internal states. Some have argued that feeling empathy leads to increase helping others, which is based on the desire to improve other's welfare. However, others claim that helping motivation is ultimately directed toward the egoistic goal of increasing our own welfare. This study intends to test empathy-altruism hypothesis whether helping behavior is directed toward the goal of benefiting others, not toward some form of self-benefit. This study explores three egoistic alternative hypotheses, which are based on cost-reward model, and consider other causal factors: costs for helping, rewards for helping, and costs for not helping(self-blame and other's censure). This study also focuses on gender differences on empathy and helping behavior and tests whether females are more other oriented, more likely to help others than males. Consistent with the empathy-altruism hypothesis, results establish a link between empathy and helping behavior and show that females have more empathic concerns associated with helping behavior than males.

뇌동맥류 파열 후 뇌지주막하 출혈로 인한 신경학적으로 불량한 환자에 대한 급성기 수술의 성적

신규만,김명현,송준혁,김성학 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1999 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.22 No.2

Objective: Despite of recent advances in pharmacological treatment and improvement surgical and anesthetic techniques, subarachnoid hemorrhage(SHA) from ruptured intracranial aneurysms with poor clinical grades still carries unacceptably high morbidity and mortality rates. Recently surgery for aneurysmal SAH with poor clinical grade has increased interest. Method : The authors experienced 57 patients with poor clinical grade (Hunt and Hess grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ) after ancurysmal SAH. Among them 25 patients were treated with immediate CSF drainage via ventriculostomy, blood pressure control, early angiography(except 3 patients) and surgery within 12 hour of admission. The outcomes of patients were categorized using a four-tiered scale : 1) independent and working 2) impaired but independent 3) severly impaired and dependent 4) dead Results : The average age was 48(13-75) and the male to female ratio was 7:18 in surgical group. The average time to admission and surgery was 12 hours or less among the 25 patients. Among them 9 cases were dead, 2 cases were severly impaired and dependent, 3 cases were impaired but dependent, and 11 cases were independent and working. In this patient all cases, exception one could be ligated with a clip. Conclusion : The above results suggest that the acute aggressive surgery based on appropriate selection in poor aneurysmal SAH patients can reduce of the mortality.

여자청소년들의 역할정체성, 역할긴장과 심리적 안녕감

전신현 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 1999 여성연구논총 Vol.14 No.-

본 연구는 청소년들의 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 주는 요인들을 다름에 있어 청소년들의 주요 역할영역이 되는 부모와의 관계, 친구와의 관계, 학업성적을 그 주요 원인으로 다룬다. 특히 본 연구에서는 역할정체성이론에 근거, 세 역할영역에서의 긴장 혹은 만족의 심리적 안녕감에 대한 영향력이 남녀청소년에게서 각기 상이하게 나타날 것이라고 예측한다. 서울시 남녀고등학생을 대상으로 경험적으로 접근한 본 연구결과에서는 학업성적의 심리적 안녕감의 영향력은 남녀에 따라 각기 상이하게 작용한다는 결과를 제시해 본 가설을 지지했다. 즉 학업성적은 남자청소년의 경우 그 중요한 요인으로 작용했지만 여자청소년의 경우에서는 유의미한 영향력을 보이지 못했다. 그러나 본 연구의 예측과는 달리 부모나 친구와의 관계, 특히 부모와의 관계는 남녀청소년의 심리적 안녕감을 결정하는 가장 중요한 요소임이 발견되었다.

소아 대퇴 간부 골절의 장기 추시 결과

신현대,양준영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

Femoral shaft fractures in children remain a common but interesting subject of pediatric trauma. The management of these fractures gradually has evolved toward a more operative approach in the past decade. But their treatment by age has become widely accepted. In children younger than 4 years, spica casting has found to render excellent long-term results. For the age group older than 10 years, spica cast are being used with intramedullary fixation. However, for the age group between 4 years and 10 years, no consensus has been found. We reviewed of treatment of the femoral shaft fractures in 27 children age 4 to 10 years between July 1988 and October 1996. Fifteen were treated with early spica casting, the others with flexible intramedullary nails. No nonunions or significant malunion were seen. But patients treated with flexible intramedullary nails were able to do early partial weight bearing and had less immobilization period. Flexible intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures in 4 to 10-year old age group seems to he safeand effective method and may be the treatment of choice.

전교통동맥 동맥류의 조기수술

신규만,송준혁,김명현,최혜영 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1996 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.19 No.4

Objectives : The timing of aneurysm surgery has been a topic of major neurosurgical controversy. Aneurysmal rebleeding is the most cataclysmic and disabling event following initial subarachnoid hemorrhage. Thus, early surgical obliteration of aneurysm eliminates the potential for rebleeding during the highest risk period. Method : The results of operation for the twenty-three patients who had admitted to neurosurgical departments, Mokdong hospital and undergone surgery within the 24-72 hours after initial rupture of these aneurysms from October, 1993 to August, 1996, were reviewed. Results : Twenty-three patients underwent craniotomy for clipping and intracranial clot evacuation, and postoperative hypertensive, hypervolemic, and hemodilution therapy. The outcome was excellent in 10(43%), good in 3(13%), poor in 5(22%) and death in 5(22%). The mean age was 57.7 and the ratio of male to female was 13:10. The outcome according to Hunt-Hess(H-H) grade was followings. H-H grade 1 was 2(%) and all excellent outcome, H-H grade 2 24(61%) and the outcome were excellent in 8(35%), good in 1(4%), poor in 2(9%), death in 3(13%), H-H grade 3 was 6(26%) and good in 2(9%), poor in 2(9%), death in 2(9%), and H-H grade 4 was 1(4%) and the outcome was poor in 1(4%). The outcome according to grading system of Fisher was followings. Grade 2 was 6(26%), and the outcome was excellent in 5(22%) and death in 1(4%). The grade 3 was 14(61%) and excellent in 5(22%), good in 2(9%), poor in 3(13%), and death in 1(4%). The grade 4 was 3(31%) and good in (4%) and poor in 2(9%). The variations in anterior communicating complex were followings. The both A_1 equal in 6(26%), left A_1 dominancy was 1(4%), right A_1 atresia was 13(57%) and left atresia was 3(13%). Conclusions : The most favorable outcomes and lowest mortality rate were patients of H-H grade 1 group. The surgical results of alert patients with early surgery should even further improve as compared to delay surgery. However, patients who present in poor medical condition at the time of operation were still indicated delay surgery.

비선형회로의 고조파해석을 위한 Duffing 방정식의 해석적 해법

신중린,황현준 건국대학교 산업기술연구원 1996 건국기술연구논문지 Vol.21 No.-

For the higher quality of electric power supply, investigating the sources and amount of harmonics as well as establishing its counter plan is very important task. The harmonics caused by the nonlinear operation of transmission equipments are not identified yet and have been seldom studied. Sources of harmonics in nonlinear circuit, especially caused by the nonlinear operation of transmission equipments, can be approximately modeled with Duffing's Equation. In this study, a new analytic approach is attempted to get the solution of Duffing's equation for the analytic approach is attempted to get the solution of Duffing's equation for the analysis of harmonics in nonlinear circuits and compared with some conventional methods. Finally some case studies were performed to evaluate the performance of proposed method and conventional methods. The result of this study would be useful to establish the way to analyse the harmonics caused by the nonlinear operation of transmission equipments.

경막 외 스테로이드 주사에 반응 없는 추간판성 요통에 대한 추간판 내 시술 효과

신용범,고현윤,손현주,장재혁,박형욱,신명준,김수연 부산대학교 병원 암연구소 2008 부산대병원학술지 Vol.- No.23

Objective: To determine the effect of intradiscal therapy with discography in patients with back pain of no effect using epidural steroid. Subject and methods: Thirty patients with herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) who had not have any improvement using repeated epidural steroid were studied. Degree of disc degeneration, provocation pain and intradiscal pressure were evaluated in 41 discs. Intradiscal triamcinolone was injected to degenerated discs and intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) was performed to the patients who had no improvement using intradiscal steroid. Patients were asked to report pain according to a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Thirty of 41 discs showed significant degeneration. In 19 of 30 (63.3%) patients, VAS was reduced over 50% after intradiscal steroids. Low intradiscal pressure without provocation pain and ruptured discs were significantly higher in these patients (p<0.05). After IDET, 8 of 9 patients noted over 50% reduction of VAS. Conclusions: In patients with discogenic back pain combined with radicular pain, intradiscal therapy according to discography may be helpful in patients with no improvement using epidural steroid.

운동부하양식에 따른 심폐 능력의 비교분석

전태원,우재홍,신창호,이기봉,이광희,박익렬,박성태,강현주 서울대학교 체육연구소 2000 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study this study was to comparative analysis the V02max and HR through arm ergometer exercise, bicycle ergometer exercise, and treadmill exercise and to propose correct data of aerobic ability according to GXT. Subjects for study were 8 healthy male students. The process of the test were performed maximal GXT on arm ergometer exercise, bicycle ergometer exercise, and treadmill exercise and measured V02max, max heart rate and recovery time of 3 VO2 and heart rate respectively. The conclusions were supported by the findings of this study: 1.There were significant differences between test style and V02/kg/min(p<.05). 2.There were significant differences between test style and test stage at heart rate(p<.05) There were no effect of reciprocal action. Therefore, V02/kg/min should be on individual exercise prescription guiedlines for health promotion should be provided proper GXT which are arm ergometer exercise, bicycle ergometer exercise, and treadmill exercise.

ERP 실행에 따른 종업원 만족에 대한 연구

申洪哲,李顯俊 홍익대학교 경영연구소 2006 경영연구 Vol.31 No.-

ERP 실행과 종업원 만족에 관한 본 연구의 목적은 다음 두 가지로 요약된다. 첫째, ERP 도입성과에 영향을 미치는 성공요인들에 대한 실증분석을 토대로 향후 ERP를 도입하려는 회사는 물론, 이미 ERP를 도입하였으나 제대로 된 성과를 향유하지 못하는 회사들에게 유용한 가이드라인을 제공하는 것이다. 둘째, ERP 실행과 관련하여 상이한 입장에 놓일 수 있는 정보제공자와 정보이용자간에 만족도 및 만족도에 영향을 미치는 주된 요인들에 대해 지각상 차이를 보이는가를 실증적으로 조사하는 것이다. 이 두 가지의 연구 질문에 대한 답을 위해 ERP에 대한 기존의 문헌연구와 실증 연구를 병행하여 6가지의 가설을 설정하였다. 가설검증에 필요한 자료는 ERP를 실행하고 있는 중소기업 중 총 58개 회사의 116명으로부터 설문조사를 통해 수집하였다. 연구 분석결과 ERP 성과에 영향을 미치는 핵심 성공요인으로는 교육과 훈련 그리고 제공되는 정보의 질 두 가지가 꼽혔다. 이러한 결과는 ERP를 도입하였으나 소기의 성과를 달성하지 못한 기업 및 향후 도입예정인 기업들은 이들 두 요인에 보다 관심을 가질 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 한편, ERP 정보제공자와 이용자의 ERP 만족도는 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 지각된 성과로 파악된 ERP 사용자의 개인적 역할이 ERP도입성과에 어떠한 의미 있는 영향을 미칠 것이라는 결론 또한 기각되었다. 반면에, ERP도입성과에 관한 두 유형의 종업원 응답의 평균치를 비교 분석한 결과 정보제공자에 비해 정보이용자의 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 ERP시스템이 단순 정보입력자 위주의 프로그램이 아니라 정보를 이용하는 사람을 위한 프로그램으로 개발되었고 앞으로도 이용자를 위한 프로그램으로 자리매김 할 것이라는 믿음을 주었다. 본 연구의 결론에서는 연구의 요약, 이론적 공헌, 한계점을 논의하였으며 미래연구에 대한 제안을 하였다. This study examines employees' satisfaction with Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) Implementation. The purposes of this study can be summarized as below. First, based on field study for success factors which might affect ERP performance, we would like to provide a guideline not only for companies which introduced ERP already but the companies which intend to adopt in a near future. Second, although in the past ERP systems were focused primarily on the provider but now more emphasis should be placed on the user of information. Considering this kind of transition, we compared the satisfactions on the ERP performance between the provider and user of ERP system. To have answers for the two questions mentioned above, literature review on the related references and field study were executed. Based on literature review 6 hypotheses were generated and empirical tests were done based on the survey data which were collected from 58(116 employees) of ERP adopting Small and Medium companies. As a result, training and education as well as the quality of information provided by ERP systems were identified as important success factors. And because of the failure of getting statistically meaningful differences between provider and user on the satisfaction level, this hypothesis was rejected. The comparison of average satisfaction level between two different groups(provider and user of information) resulted in a statistically significant difference, and based on this result we can conclude that ERP system should be introduced primarily for the user not for the provider who is simply inputing information. In addition, based on the empirical results of this study, we are confident to say that programs such as ERP and other related ones that will be introduced in a future should be designed for people who will use or manage information. Theoretical contributions, limitations, and future research directions are discussed at the end of the paper.

정형외과 영역에서 Sulperazon(Sulbactam/cefoperzon)의 Non-Comparative study

신현대,임상덕,안상로,이준규,이광진,윤승호 최신의학사 1989 最新醫學 Vol.32 No.2