가로변 건축물 외관에 있어서 창의 이미지 특성에 관한 연구

이청웅,양동협,강형구,최환석 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2000 建設技術硏究 Vol.20 No.1

The window in architecture has a mysterious role connecting the indoor and outdoor world and also an interaction. this study investigates the functions of the past and present windows and its functions which will be required in future and aims a t seeking a planning direction of desirable window by integrating the understanding of window plan in outdoor space of building and new design techniques. The origin of window and its developmental process are expressed primarily by internal functions and it has been discussed from the external viewpoint with the development of structure, materials and social and cultural aesthetic sense. Accordingly it describes the history and place of windows to define the functions of windows and Chapter 2 states the forms, functions and treatments of window opening part according to the times. Chapter 3 cites the cases of the prototypes of forms shown in the outside of building as the functional and design elements windows in building. Chapter 4 suggests the positive cases of window prototype which produces the outdoor space of modern architecture and examines the correlation of it to the various elements according to the objective methods and order on the basis of SD method. Consequently, the windows in building should be planned by considering the following: 1. The window must be faithful to its original purposes. 2. It should be based on a great design because it is an important part which shows the appearance of building in urban area. 3. As today's buildings are large-scaled and high storied and also have unique characteristics, the development of construction technique and the production of good materials and products should be made. 4. The various general factors of windows should be analyzed and considered in planning windows as well as its design and technical sides.

정신과 환자에 수반된 신체 질환

李相求,韓弘武,張煥一 최신의학사 1975 最新醫學 Vol.18 No.11

While working with the psychiatric patients, Psychiatrists often find cases that need treatments for physical as well as psychiatric illness. In this regard, One hundred and seventy seven patients admitted to the Neuro-Psychiatric Ward of Kyung-Hee Univ. Hospital during the period of the year 1974, through, were studied and the following results were obtained. 1) Out of 177 neuropsychiatric patients, 105 patients were found to have accompanying physical illness. (59.32% of the patients) 2) Out of 105 patients who had accompanying physical illness, 31 were found to have occured during the hospitalizations, 59 were not aware of the physical illness at the time of admission, and 15 knew of the existence of the physical illness at the time of admission. 3) Classification of the physical illnesses reveald 20 cases (19%) of E. N. T. diseases, 17 cases (16. 2%) of skin diseasea, and 10 cases (9.5 %) each of respiratory and eye diseases respectively. 4) Eleven patients for whom treatment of physical illness was considered as more urgent than that of psychiatric illness were transfered to other departments. 5) Eight patients (7.6% of total physical illnesses) were considered to have contagious diseases. 6) Mean duration of hospitalization of the group with physical illness was 45 days, whereas the group without physical illness was 23 days. 7) Among the patients with accompaning physical illness, male outnumbered female at the rate of 72 to 33. 8) No significant difference was found in the eductional level between the two groups of patients. 9) Mean age of the patients with accmpanying physical illness was 34 years old and that of the patients without accompanying physical illness was 30 years old. The authors hope this report to be not only a warning to illegitimate negligence of physical aspect of health in psychiatric practice, but also a preliminary data for further studies of physical illnesses associated with psychiatric illnesses; the influence of physical illness on psychiatric illness, other reciprocal interrelationship between physical and psychiatric illness or it's therapeutic implications.

기질성 뇌장애 환자의 구조적 뇌영상과 비교한 저해상 전자기 단층 촬영 영상

이승환,권구형,박영민,김 현,이강준,정영조 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.3

Objectives : Patients with organic brain lesion can produce unique slow waves (delta and theta) in the EEG. Basic assumption of this study was that the low resolution electro magnetic tomography (LORETA), an inverse source localization program, can provide functional images representing increased slow wave activity in these patients compared to normal subjects. Methods : The current study was performed by 18 channels digital EEG for 10 patients whose organic deficit have been Visually confirmed by CT or MRI. The source images of slow wave (1-7 Hz) frequency were produced by LORETA-key program. Results : We found that in eight out of ten subjects, LORETA successfully found out the source regions which were very closely matched to their original brain lesions. However in two subjects whose organic brain lesions were too small (<1cm) and located out of gray matter, we failed to find any increased slow wave activity compared with normal control. Conclusion : We can conclude that LORETA could be a useful method to provide functional imaging in patients with gray matter deficits in their brain. Its usefulness and limitations were discussed.

CO₂ 레이저 및 Interferon을 이용한 후두 유두종의 치료

박구진,하정환,김연기,이원용,김종애 釜算慶南耳鼻咽喉科學會 1994 임상이비인후과 Vol.5 No.2

GIS와 RS를 이용한 생태지도 작성기법에 관한 기초연구

이기철,이원화,윤해순,남춘희,김구연,김승환,서상현 한국지리정보학회 2004 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.7 No.3

본 연구는 낙동강 하구 일대의 생태계 변화와 생태 관련자료를 GIS DB로 구축하고 생태지도를 작성하였다. 생태지도 작성을 위해 1984년 11월 21일, 1997년 5월 17일에 촬영된 공간해상도 30m의 Landsat TM 위성영상과 국립지리원에서 발행된 1:25,000 수치지형도, 부산시에서 조사한 생물현황 자료를 바탕으로 DB를 구축하였다. 생태지도를 작성하기 위해, 첫째, 낙동강 하구 생태계 조사 보고서와 현재까지 진행된 생태지도에 대한 문헌 연구, 둘째, 시계열적 토지피복분류도 제작, 셋째, 동·식물상, 수질 등 생태계 항목별 BB 구축과 3단계 방식에 의한 생태계 평가, 최종적으로는 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 생태계 관리를 위한 생태지도를 작성하였다. This study developed an ecological mapping technique with GIS database using the analyses of existing ecological survey reports and the change detection on the Nakdong river estuary. The data which are used to establish GIS DB include 2 Landsat TM images on Nov. 31, 1984 and May 17, 1997, 1:25, 000 topographical maps established by National Geography Institution and various ecological survey reports published by Busan metropolitan city government. The details for producing ecological map are as follows. At first, the current methods of ecomapping efforts and previous ecological surveys of Nakdong river estuary were carefully examined. Secondly, the land cover maps were created from the classified Landsat images of 1984 and 1997 for the spatiotemporal ecosystem analysis. Thirdly, the ecosystem was evaluated by using GIS ecological database based on the criteria of botany, zoology and water quality etc. Each criteria was reclassified into 3 stages which describe the overall quality of ecological condition. At last, the comprehensive ecological map was suggested as a prototype of ecosystem assesment and management tool with the discussion of further study. The findings of this study would be a milestone for preserving and managing the ecosystem.

위의 유암종과 선종의 병발 1례

장재식,강혁주,이중현,서영범,윤병구,김용섭,이구,서정일,양창헌,이창우,김정란,윤환중 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

유암종은 전신에 퍼져 잇는 장크롬친화성 세포에서 기원하는데 위의 유암종은 비교적 드문 질환으로 모든 유암종의 1.9~2.2%에 해당하며 위에 발생하는 종양의 1% 미만에서 보고되고 있다. 유암종은 일반적으로 증상이 비특이적이고 면역조직화학검사에 의해서 진단되기 때문에 과거에는 드물게 발견되었으나 최근 내시경 기기 및 술기의 발전과 검사 빈도의 증가 및 면역조직화학검사의 발달로 진단율이 증가 추세에 있으며, 드물지만 유암종에서 선암과 공존하는 예들이 보고되고 있다. 저자들은 심와부 동통을 주소로 내원한 70세 남자 환자의 상부위장관내시경 검사에서 위체상부의 대만곡에서 0.4×0.4 cm 크기의 중간 함몰을 가진 Yamada 1형의 용종과 함께 전정부의 전벽에서 0.8×0.5 cm 크기의 융기된 점막 소견을 보여 조직학적으로 각각 위유암종 및 위선종임을 확진한 후 내시경적 용종 절제술로 치료한 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Carcinoid tumors are arisen from enterochromaffin cells, which are scattered throughout the body. These tumors are composed of variable numbers of cells that contain endocrine granules in their cytoplasm, which can be identified by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Gastric carcinoid tumors are relatively rare tumor, the reported incidence being 1.9~2.2% of all carcinoid tumors and less than 1% of all gastric tumors. Sometimes, composite carcinoid tumors and adenocarcinoma is reported. We experienced a case of the coincidence of carcinoid tumor and adenoma at the other site of the stomach in a 70 year old male patient. Gastrofiberscope showed 0.4×0.4 cm sized Yamada type I polyp with central depression on the greater curvature of the proximal body and 0.8×0.5 cm sized focal slightly elevated mucosa on the anterior wall of the antrum. The endoscopic biopsy specimens revealed carcinoid tumor and tubular adenoma with moderate atypism, respectively. The carcinoid tumor and adenoma were removed by endoscopic polypectomy. According to the follow-up gastrofiberoscopy after 7 month later, both lesions were nearly normal mucosa except whitish atrophic change after polypectomy.

Analysis of trinucleotide repetitive sequences for Korean patients with spinocerebellar ataxia types 8, 12, and 17

Gu-Hwan Kim,Sun Ju Chung,Ho-Sung Ryu,Jaemin Kim,Jin-Joo Lee,Seoung Hoon Choi,Juyeon Lee,Beom Hee Lee,Jin-Ho Choi,Han-Wook Yoo 대한의학유전학회 2015 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are progressive neurodegenerative disorders with diverse modes of inheritance. There are several subtypes of SCAs. SCA 8, SCA 12, and SCA 17 are the less common forms of SCAs with limited information available on their epidemiological profiles in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SCA8, SCA12, and SCA17 in Korea. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six unrelated Korean patients were enrolled and showed normal trinucleotide repeats through polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) for the genes ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, CACNA1A , and ATXN7, which correspond to SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, and SCA7, respectively. PCR products from patients were further analyzed by capillary electrophoresis using fluorescence labeled primers for the genes ATXN8OS, PPP2R2B, and TBP, which correspond to SCA8, SCA12, and SCA17. Results: Three patients had 104, 97, and 75 abnormal expanded repeats in the ATXN8OS gene, the causative gene for SCA8. None of the patients exhibited abnormal repeats in SCA12 and SCA17. Normal trinucleotide repeat ranges of the cohort in this study were estimated to be 17-34 copies (average, 24±4 copies) for SCA8, 7-18 copies (average, 13±3 copies) for SCA12, and 26-43 copies (average, 35±2 copies) for SCA17. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that SCA8, SCA12, and SCA17 are rare in Korean patients with SCA, and further genetic studies are warranted to enhance the mutation detection rate in the Korean SCA population.

Rapid Formation of Acrylated Microstructures by Microwave-Induced Thermal Crosslinking

Lee, Seung Hwan,Lee, Won Gu,Chung, Bong Geun,Park, Jae Hong,Khademhosseini, Ali WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Macromolecular Rapid Communications Vol.30 No.16

<P>We present a rapid and highly efficient method to form microstructure of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based acrylates by microwave-induced thermal crosslinking. PEG-based polymeric microstructures such as polymer microarrays and microwells were fabricated on 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA)-coated glass slides that were placed on top of a silicon wafer. In comparison to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation curing, microwave-induced thermal crosslinking could be completed within 10 s, without thermal degradation or oxygen inhibition in the presence of ambient oxygen. Furthermore, the activation of surviving free radical impurities by microwave-induced heating enabled crosslinking even without an exogenous radical initiator (e.g., 2,2′-azosisobutyronitrile (AIBN)). This approach can be beneficial for fabricating various PEG-based microstructures for high-throughput screening assays, cell-based biosensors, and biomedical microdevices.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img/10221336-2009-30-16-MARC200900199-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/10221336-2009-30-16-MARC200900199-gra001'> </P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Poly(ethylene glycol)-based polymeric microarray was synthesized by using microwave-induced thermal crosslinking without exogenous radical initiator in air. The advantages of this process make it a potentially useful method for fabricating polymeric microstructures for a wide range of applications. <img src='wiley_img/10221336-2009-30-16-MARC200900199-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/10221336-2009-30-16-MARC200900199-content'> </P>

Mosquitocidal activity of penfluridol as juvenile hormone antagonist

Lee, Seok-Hee,Lim, Hee Nam,Choi, Jae Young,Park, Dong Hwan,Ahn, Byung Hoon,Fang, Ying,Kim, Jong Hoon,Park, Min Gu,Woo, Ra Mi,Lee, Bo Ram,Kim, Woo Jin,Ko, Young Kwan,Lee, Ill Young,Je, Yeon Ho 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Juvenile hormone antagonists (JHANs) are known to interfere with the formation of juvenile hormone (JH) receptor complex. JHANs might be effective for control of target pests in larval stages at which stages high level of endogenous JH titer is maintained. In order to identify novel insecticidal compounds, 2352 compounds were surveyed on their JHAN activities using the yeast-two hybrid system. Among 53 compounds with JHAN activities, penfluridol showed high level of insecticidal activity against larvae of <I>Aedes albopictus</I>. JHAN activity was increased in proportion to the concentration of penfluridol. Larvicidal activity of penfluridol was 1.3–2.0 folds higher than that of pyriproxyfen. These results suggested that penfluridol could be useful for control of mosquito larvae.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 53 compounds have high level of JHAN activity. </LI> <LI> Among 53 compounds, penfluridol showed the highest mosquitocidal activity. </LI> <LI> Penfluridol showed a significant mosquitocidal activity compared with pyriproxyfen. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fracture mechanism and electromechanical behavior of chemical vapor deposited graphene on flexible substrate under tension

Lee, Jeong-Hwan,Jang, Dong-Won,Hong, Seong-Gu,Park, Byong Chon,Kim, Jae-Hyun,Jung, Hyun-June,Lee, Soon-Bok Elsevier 2017 Carbon Vol.118 No.-

<P>The electromechanical characteristics of chemical vapor deposited graphene transferred onto a polymeric substrate were investigated by conducting tensile tests in combination with electrical resistance measurement inside a scanning electron microscope. Our results showed that the unique interfacial adhesion character of the graphene/polymer substrate, where the graphene adheres to the substrate by weak van der Waals forces, gives rise to interfacial sliding in the region around the crack edge during tensile straining, causing a reduction in strain transfer from the substrate to the graphene, and this retards or restricts the growth of preformed cracks and promotes the nucleation of new cracks. Such a fracture mechanism (i.e., cracking mechanism) was closely associated with the electromechanical behavior, leading to a distinct threeestage feature, i.e., the stage I flat region, the stage II superlinear region and the stage III linear region, in the electrical resistance-strain curve. We demonstrated the validity of the suggested fracture mechanism and its correlation with the electromechanical characteristics by combining statistical analysis of the evolution of crack size distribution with strain, frictional force measurement and coupled thermaleelectrical finite element analysis. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>