Cholinesterase inhibitory alkaloids from the rhizomes of <i>Coptis chinensis</i>

Cao, Thao Quyen,Ngo, Quynh-Mai Thi,Seong, Su Hui,Youn, Ui Joung,Kim, Jeong Ah,Kim, Junheon,Kim, Jin-Cheol,Woo, Mi Hee,Choi, Jae Sue,Min, Byung Sun Elsevier 2018 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.77 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Coptis chinensis</I> has been used as a medicinal herb in traditional oriental medicine. In this study, chemical investigation of a water extract of <I>C. chinensis</I> identified two new quaternary protoberberines (<B>1</B>, <B>2</B>), a new tricyclic amide (<B>3</B>), together with five known compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by analysis with 1D and 2D NMR and high-resolution mass spectroscopy, as well as by comparison with those reported in the literature. Compounds <B>4</B>, <B>5</B>, and <B>7</B> showed potent inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 1.1, 5.6, and 12.9 μM, respectively. Compounds <B>2</B> and <B>4</B> showed inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 11.5 and 27.8 μM, respectively. The kinetic activities were investigated to find out the type of enzyme inhibition involved. The types of AChE inhibition shown by compounds <B>5</B> and <B>7</B> were noncompetitive; BChE inhibition by compound <B>2</B> was also noncompetitive.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Two new protoberberines and a new amide were isolated from <I>Coptis chinensis</I>. </LI> <LI> Isolated compounds (<B>1−8</B>) were screened for their <I>in vitro</I> ChEs inhibitory effects. </LI> <LI> Compound <B>4</B> showed the most activity on AChE with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 1.1 µM. </LI> <LI> Compounds <B>2</B> showed strong inhibition of BChE with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 11.5 µM. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Pathogenesis Division of Black Rot Bacteria of Chinese Cabbage in Shaanxi Central Productive Area

Lu-gang Zhang,Yan Lu,Mai-xia Hui,Ming-ke Zhang 한국원예학회 2008 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Catalytic green energy production based on engineered active water innovatively prepared using sunlight-illuminated gold nanoparticles

Shih-Hao Yu,Fu-Der Mai,Wei-Yu Kao,Hui-Yen Tsai,Yu-Chuan Liu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.127 No.-

Water is the most common solvent in our daily lives. This solvent has advantages of green environmentalprotection and low cost. Water is conventionally considered to be an inert solvent, yet it is relatively polarand can form a large number of hydrogen bonds (HBs). But this property also inhibits the dissolution ofmany non-polar gases, causing many important electrocatalytic reactions performed in it to have lowefficiencies. In this work, we propose an innovative application of solar energy-generated active purewater (APW) with reduced HBs to enhance chemical reactions and physical procedures. Compared toconventional deionized water (DIW), the generated APW possessed a lower specific heat of ca. 0.96. The swelling degree of artificial skin in APW significantly increased by ca. 29%. Moreover, the densityof an ethanol/APW solution significantly increased by 0.21% due to more free water molecules beingavailable in APW to form stronger HBs with ethanol. Encouragingly, efficiencies of hydrogen evolutionreactions performed in an APW-based acidic solution and oxygen evolution reactions performed in anAPW-based basic solution significantly increased by 42% and 17%, respectively, compared to DIWbasedsolutions. The developed APW based on utilizing solar energy can create a more-effective greenprocess.

Heterologous expression in E. coli and functional characterization of the tomato CPR enzymes

Choi Won,Park Seo Young,Kim Hyun Min,Mai Thanh Dat,Do Ju Hui,Jang Hye Min,Hwang Hyeon Bae,Song Eun Gyeong,Shim Jae Sung,Joung Young Hee 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.66 No.-

NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is a key enzyme transferring electrons to cytochrome P450. In tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), two CPR genes, SlCPR1 and SlCPR2, were identified. In all the tested tomato tissues, SlCPR2 showed higher expression levels than SlCPR1. SlCPR2 expression increased significantly with jasmonic acid treatment. No significant changes were observed with salicylic acid or drought stress treatment. The cDNA of SlCPRs were expressed in Escherichia coli without any amino acid modification. And the heterologously expressed SlCPR enzymes were reacted with several protein and chemical substrates. SlCPR2 was more active than SlCPR1. Both SlCPR1 and SlCPR2 exhibited strong activity across a pH range of 6.0 to 9.0, with peak activity at pH 8.0. The study opens possibilities for CPR control, biocatalyst development, and exploring oxidase enzyme functions.

Heavy concrete shielding properties for carbon therapy

Jin-Long Wang,Jiade J Lu,Da-Jun Ding,Wen-Hua Jiang,Ya-Dong Li,Rui Qiu,Hui Zhang,Xiao-Zhong Wang,Huo-Sheng Ruan,Yan-Bing Teng,Xiao-Guang Wu,Yun Zheng,Zi-Hao Zhao,Kai-Zhong Liao,Huan-Cheng Mai,Xiao-Dong Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6

As medical facilities are usually built at urban areas, special concrete aggregates and evaluation methods are needed to optimize the design of concrete walls by balancing density, thickness, material composition, cost, and other factors. Carbon treatment rooms require a high radiation shielding requirement, as the neutron yield from carbon therapy is much higher than the neutron yield of protons. In this case study, the maximum carbon energy is 430 MeV/u and the maximum current is 0.27 nA from a hybrid particle therapy system. Hospital or facility construction should consider this requirement to design a special heavy concrete. In this work, magnetite is adopted as the major aggregate. Density is determined mainly by the major aggregate content of magnetite, and a heavy concrete test block was constructed for structural tests. The compressive strength is 35.7 MPa. The density ranges from 3.65 g/cm³ to 4.14 g/cm³, and the iron mass content ranges from 53.78% to 60.38% from the 12 cored sample measurements. It was found that there is a linear relationship between density and iron content, and mixing impurities should be the major reason leading to the nonuniform element and density distribution. The effect of this nonuniformity on radiation shielding properties for a carbon treatment room is investigated by three groups of Monte Carlo simulations. Higher density dominates to reduce shielding thickness. However, a higher content of high-Z elements will weaken the shielding strength, especially at a lower dose rate threshold and vice versa. The weakened side effect of a high iron content on the shielding property is obvious at 2.5 µSv=h. Therefore, we should not blindly pursue high Z content in engineering. If the thickness is constrained to 2 m, then the density can be reduced to 3.3 g/cm³, which will save cost by reducing the magnetite composition with 50.44% iron content. If a higher density of 3.9 g/cm³ with 57.65% iron content is selected for construction, then the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 174.2 cm, which will save space for equipment installation.

The Predictive Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Texture Analysis in Evaluating Histopathological Grades of Breast Phyllodes Tumor

Yifei Mao,Zhongtang Xiong,Songxin Wu,Zhiqing Huang,Ruoxian Zhang,Yuqin He,Yuling Peng,Yang Ye,Tianfa Dong,Hui Mai 한국유방암학회 2022 Journal of breast cancer Vol.25 No.2

Purpose: Knowing the distinction between benign and borderline/malignant phyllodes tumors (PTs) can help in the surgical treatment course. Herein, we investigated the value of magnetic resonance imaging-based texture analysis (MRI-TA) in differentiating between benign and borderline/malignant PTs. Methods: Forty-three women with 44 histologically proven PTs underwent breast MRI before surgery and were classified into benign (n = 26) and borderline/malignant groups (n = 18 [15 borderline, 3 malignant]). Clinical and routine MRI parameters (CRMP) and MRI-TA were used to distinguish benign from borderline/malignant PT. In total, 298 texture parameters were extracted from fat-suppression (FS) T2-weighted, FS unenhanced T1-weighted, and FS first-enhanced T1-weighted sequences. To evaluate the diagnostic performance, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for the K-nearest neighbor classifier trained with significantly different parameters of CRMP, MRI sequence-based TA, and the combination strategy. Results: Compared with benign PTs, borderline/malignant ones presented a higher local recurrence (p = 0.045); larger size (p < 0.001); different time-intensity curve pattern (p = 0.010); and higher frequency of strong lobulation (p = 0.024), septation enhancement (p = 0.048), cystic component (p = 0.023), and irregular cystic wall (p = 0.045). TA of FS T2- weighted images (0.86) showed a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) than that of FS unenhanced T1-weighted (0.65, p = 0.010) or first-enhanced phase (0.72, p = 0.049) images. The texture parameters of FS T2-weighted sequences tended to have a higher AUC than CRMP (0.79, p = 0.404). Additionally, the combination strategy exhibited a similar AUC (0.89, p = 0.622) in comparison with the texture parameters of FS T2-weighted sequences. Conclusion: MRI-TA demonstrated good predictive performance for breast PT pathological grading and could provide surgical planning guidance. Clinical data and routine MRI features were also valuable for grading PTs.

디지털 세대를 위한 스마트러닝 수업 모형 연구

서보배(Seo, Bo-Bae),채유진(Chea, Yu-jin),반영환(Pan, Young-Hwan),Xu, Ying-Qing,Mai, Long-Hui,Tian, Yi-Bo 한국디자인학회 2016 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.5