문제중심학습(Problem Based Learning; PBL) 패키지 개발 : 지각·조정장애상황을 중심으로

김애리,김영경,송영선,신경림,안혜정,이지순,조계화 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.3

The Purpose of this study is to present an actual example for procedures for developing a PBL package based on philosophical backgrounds derived from Problem-based learning. To perform a systemic study on the operations of an intergrated curricula under multi-disciplines, a research team made up of several professors with different academic backgrounds was formed. Among the four situations for the patients with perception-adjustment disorder, especially a procedure for the development of PBL package which can be used in the emergency room situation has been proposed. The little(2000)'s PBL package model has been applied for this study. Tha package includes course objectives, learning objectives, concept map, situation scenario. tutor guide, and evaluation method. It is believed that learning objectives achievement procedures designed as a part of a problem-based learning package development procedures for the nursing of patients with perception-adjustment can be achieved at the same level as the learning objectives for the science of nursing founded by the Korean Nurses Association.

아동의 사회적 문제해결능력과 어머니의 대화형태와의 관계연구

김재림,백은주,신유림,심미경,이혜경 연세대학교 생활과학대학 1985 婦學 Vol.18 No.-

The present study investigated the relationship between the social problem solving ability of children and the language patterns of their mothers. The subjects included 193 nine year­olds (185 girls, 108 boys), and 230 twelve year­olds (115 girls, 115 boys). The instruments used were a language patterns test for the mother and IPA (Interpersonal Problem Solving Ability Test) for children. Major finding from this study were: ⑴ the correlation between the social problem solving ability of children and the language patterns of their mothers was not statistically significant, ⑵ the language patterns of the mothers were significantly different by child's sex; for boys, mother used more ordered language patterns and for girls, mothers used more ordered language patterns and for girls, mothers used more human­oriented language patterns, ⑶ the social problem solving ability of children were significantly different by child's age; 12­year­olds exhibited higher ability than 9­year­olds.

석탄폐석의 흡착능 및 흡착제로의 활용방안에 관한 기초연구

한동준,임재명,이찬기,이해승 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구에서는 산과 계곡에 폐기물로 방치되어 있는 석탄폐석의 재활용 및 자원화의 측면에서 수처리에이용될수 있는 흡착제의 개발을 위한 기초실험을 수행되었다. 석탄폐석으로는 굴진폐석과 선탄폐석이 이용되었으며, 석탄폐석 자체가 지니고 있는 흡착능 실험과 열처리로 인한 흡착능 개선 여부를 검토하였다. 처리대상물질은 중금속, 색도,그리고 COD들을 선정하였다. 실험조건은 회분식과 컬럼식으로 구분하여 각각 이루어 졌으며 실험결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을수 있었다. This research aims to remove heavy metals. nonbiodegradable COD(NBDCOD), and color using the coal waste. The experimental by heat treatment was performed to advance the adsorption capacity. The results are as follows ; i) The coal waste had the adsorption capacity of heavy metals and th rates were in the range of 20 to 30 percents. ii)The heat treatment was the optimum condition that the reaction time was 6 hours at 500℃. iii) In the column experimen non-treated coal waste remoned the COD and color in the range of 20 to 60 percents. iv)Heat-treated coal waste showed higher removal rate of the color in biological efflunt, and heavy metal and COD removal rates were changed by the filteration rates.

전신성홍반성루푸스 환자에서 발생한 순수어농

김윤정,김해림,박시내,윤종현,이상헌,박성환,김호연 대한내과학회 2004 대한내과학회지 Vol.66 No.4

순수어농이란 발성언어에 대한 이해와 반복에 장애를 보이지만 읽기, 쓰기, 비발성언어에 대한 이해는 보존되는 경우를 일컫는다. 저자들은 45세 루푸스 환자에서 루푸스 혈관염으로 인해 일차 청각 피질을 포함한 왼쪽 관자이랑에 뇌경색이 발생하여 초래한 순수어농 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Pure word deafness is characterized by an impairment of auditory comprehension and repetition of speech while a preservation of reading, writing, spontaneous speech and ability to comprehend non-verbal sounds. It is caused by trauma, infection in the temporal lobe of brain. In most cases, the lesions are bilateral, in the middle third of superior temporal gyri, but in a few cases unilateral lesions of dominant temporal lobe are localized. We experienced a case of 45 year-old right handed wonman with systemic lupus erythemato년 (SLE) who presented pure word deafness after left temporal lobe infarction including primary auditory center. Her comprehension was impaired, while reading and visual comprehension were normal. Audiometric tests and auditory evoked potentials disclosed no hearing defect. Brain MRI showed a left temporal lobe infarction without abnormal vascular finding in MRA. She wasdiagnosed as pure word deafness due to SLE vasculitis and managed with high dose steroid and cyclophosphamide therapies.

國際比較分析을 통한 韓國勞使關係의 方向探索

朴來榮,丁海本,李 均,林昌喜 홍익대학교 경제연구소 1989 經濟硏究 Vol.5 No.-

한랭노출과 고혈압의 연관성

장태원,김윤규,윤동영,이창희,홍영습,신해림,정갑열,김준연 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Objectives : This study was carried out to suggest preventive methods for hypertension in cold-exposed workers. Methods : In 11 refs·iteration industries, 68 workers working in refrigerated areas more than one time per day were selected as the exposed group, and 68 workers not exposed to cold were selected as the control group. We interviewed the subjects with a questionnaire covering occupational history, and conducted clinical and laboratory tests including measurements of blood pressure and core temperature. Results : The systolic blood pressure in the exposed group(130.0±13.3 mmHg) was significantly higher than that recorded In the control group(118.3±12.1 mmHg), as was the diastolic blood pressure in the exposed group(82.7±8.5 mmHg) versus the control group(77.4±8.7 mmHg). The core temperature in the exposed group(36.1±0.7℃) was significantly lower than that experienced in the control group (36.4±0.5℃). In logistic regression analysis, age, cold exposure severity and milk intake were significant variables, with odds ratios of 5.204(95 % CI 1.440∼18.812), 2.674(95 % CI 1.080∼6.618), and 0.364(95 % Cl 0.141∼0.942) , respectively. Conclusions : Our study suggests that cold-exposed workers have higher a higher risk of hypertension, and that their core temperature is lower. Risk factors affecting hyper-tension of cold-exposed workers include age, cold exposure severity and milk intake. For the prevention of hypertension, cold-exposed workers should minimize cold-exposure time as much as possible.

일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구

강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.

HBV : Entecavir in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B with High Viral Load: Need of Amendment in KA니 Guidelines

( Hae Rim Kim ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Hyun Jung Lee ),( Eileen L Yoon ),( Seong Hee Kang ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Hong Sik Lee ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Kwan So 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background: Current Korean guidelines suggest continuing the initial antiviral agent in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with partial virologic response (PVR) receiving high genetic barrier drugs such as entecavir (ETV). However, outcome of long term ETV therapy in CHB patients with PVR at month 12 is not well known, especially, in the presence of baseline high viral load (HVL, HBV DNA ≥8 log10copies/mL). This study is aimed to evaluate whether continuing entecavir therapy in this difficult-to-treat population is appropriate. Methods: A total of 190 treatment-naive CHB patients who started entecavir 0.5mg between January 2007 and March 2012 were included and their data were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Mean serum HBV DNA at baseline was 8.53±0.50 and 6.48±1.12 log10 copies/mL in HVL and non-HVL group (P=0.001). HVL group showed lower virologic response (VR, HBV DNA< 116 copies/mL) rates compared with non-HVL group at 12 and 24 months of treatment (50.6% vs. 84.0% and 65.8% vs. 95.5%, respectively, all p=0.001) although the differences became non-significant after 36 months of treatment (89.1% vs. 96.7%, P=0.116). HBeAg loss rate were significantly lower in HVL group compared with non-HVL group at 12, 24, 36 months (all P<0.05). Antiviral resistance to entecavir was developed in 2 patients; all belonged to HVL group (3.4%). The two patients showed PVR at month 12. Patients who showed PVR at month 12 were less likely to achieve VR at month 36 compared with those who showed VR at the same time point (83.3% vs. 100%, P=0.034) in HVL group while there was no difference (87.5% vs. 94.3%, P=0.466) in non-HVL group. Conclusions: Patients with baseline HVL and PVR at month 12 are exposed to risk of resistance to ETV and insufficient treatment response rates. We suggest these patients need to modify treatment strategies during entecavir therapy.

HBV : PO-05 ; Efficacy of telbivudine in treatment-naive patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis

( Hae Rim Kim ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Hyun Jung Lee ),( Eileen Yoon ),( Sun Jae Lee ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Rok Son Choung ),( Sung Woo Jung ),( Ja Seol Koo ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Sang Woo 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background: There is little clinical information on the effect of telbivudine (LdT) therapy on viral suppression and hepatic function on hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients with cirrhosis. The present retrospective study assessed the antiviral efficacy of LdT therapy for HBV-related cirrhosis. Methods: We consecutively enrolled 35 patients with HBVrelated cirrhosis primarily treated with LdT 600 mg once daily for > 6 months at Korea University College of Medicine between March 2010 and October 2011. The degree of HBV DNA reduction, HBV DNA negativity, ALT normalization, HBeAg seroconversion, and the change of Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score were analyzed. Results: The baseline mean serum HBV DNA level was 5.21 ± 1.70 log10 IU/ml. The mean reductions in serum HBV DNA levels from baseline to 3 and 6 months were -3.37 ± 1.47, and -3.76 ± 1.67 log10 IU/ml, respectively (all p < 0.05). The proportion of patients with serum HBV DNA negativity (HBV DNA of < 20 IU/ml) and HBeAg seroconversion at 6 months were 51.4% (18/33) and 8.6% (1/32) at 6 months. For all patients, the mean albumin (3.8 vs. 4.0 g/dl) and CTP score (6.0 vs. 5.3) improved after 6 months of LdT treatment than baseline (all p < 0.05). The MELD score numerically decreased without statistical significance (9.5 vs. 8.8, p = 0.104). Although baseline serum HBV DNA and HBeAg status were significant factors in univariate analysis, HBeAg status was only independent factor for predicting HBV DNA negativity at 6 months in multivariate analysis (p = 0.004, OR = 36.4, 95% CI: 3.2-411.2). Conclusions: LdT can effectively inhibit the replication of HBV and improve underlying liver function in patients with cirrhosis resulting from CHB. A more extended prospective study is needed to assess the effect of long-term treatment with this drug.

Disease Surveillance on Necropsy Cases of the Rescued Wild Birds in Korea from 2011 to 2013

Hae Rim Lee,Bon sang Koo,Jong taek Kim,Young jin Ko,Sin young Kang,In pil Mo 대한수의학회 2015 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2015 No.-