하이퍼미디어 시스템을 기반으로 하는 CAI도구의 설계 및 구현

정해덕,황치정,진성일 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1992 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.19 No.1

This thesis is designed and implemented for an authoring tool of CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) of the human body structure, by means of the Hypermedia system. Also, the stack structure of the human body structure is designed and implemented in an object-oriented concepts and in a combination stack structure that mingles a tree stack structure with a network stack structure. If an authoring tool of this CAI is enlarged, it has a wide variety of applications. It can be utilized, for example, in educations, in desk announcements, in information services, in marketings, in quick-lunch room businesses, and in entertainment businesses. Additionally, if an authoring tool of this CAI is put into practice, it will curtail expenditure on both personnel and equipment, and will save time. In addition, it will result in an increase in users' attention, understanding, memory, and concentration.

회맹장 및 대장을 침범한 장 결핵에 있어서 바륨을 이용한 방사선 이중조영촬영 소견에 대한 연구

진용현,전혜정,이용근,강철호,조성범,김윤환,박철민,차상훈,김일영,이혜경 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2002 건국의과학학술지 Vol.12 No.-

To determine the characteristic double contrast barium enema findings of ileo-cecal and colonic tuberculosis and to make differential diagnosis from other bowel inflammatory disease. Sixty-seven patients confirmed as ileo-cecal and/or colonic-tuberculosis in six hospitals were evaluated retrospectively. The diagnosis was proven by endoscopic biopsy, surgery, and clinical follow up. Nine of 67 patients were excluded because radiologic findings were normal though endocopic biopsy examinations resulted in tuberculosis. Histopathological diagnosis were madein 58 cases as follows: endoscopic biopsy(n=29), operation(n=12), follow up examination(n=14), tissue culture(n=1), laparoscopic biopsy(n=2). There were 30 men and 28 females. The mean age were 36 yrs(range:16-67), 34 patients were in the second and third decade. The distribution of lesions, morphological characteristics, mucosal changes, ulcer shape and depth, associated with other tuberculous lesion, multiplicity were retrospectively analyzed in the findngs of double contrast barim enema. The commonest clinical symptoms were abdominal pain(n=35, 60%) and diarrhea(n=18, 31%). The chest radiography revealed association of pulmonary tuberculosis in 39 cases. Tuberculous lesions of other organs except chest were present in five cases. Double contrast barium enema findings showed a thickening and irregularity of intestinal mucosal fold(n=29, 50%), bowel contraction and/or shortening(n=26, 45%). There were small, nodular, superficial ulcers in the case of ulcer depth less than 2 mm in the depth. As many as 39 cases(67%) in this series had two or more lesions in the intestinal tuberculosis. The involved segment revealed symmetrical feature(n=21, 36%). Inflammatory pseudopolypoid lesions were noted in 30 cases(52%). The ileo-cecal region was involved in 38 cases(66%). The ascending colon(n=25, 43%) was the second commonest site with or without contiguous cecal involvement. Lesions in terminal ileum, ileo-cecal valve, transverse colon, descending colon and appendix were seen in 19, 18, 18, 12 and seven cases, respectively. Among 18 cases of ileo-cecal valve lesions, there were incompetency in nine cases(16%) and wide gapping in four cases(7%). In 14 cases, tuberculous enterocolitis was diagnosed by clinical follow-up and double contrast barium enema study. 12 out of 14 cases, the findings of double contrast barium enema of tuberculous enterocolitis were normalized after anti-tuberculous medication. However, two cases showed more aggravated state than before due to inappropriate treatment. Double contrast barium enema plays an important role in the diagnosis of tuberculous enterocolitis, determines the type, site and extent of the involvement and helps in treatment guide by using sequential studies.

하수에서 분리한 합성세제 분해균의 특성

정민선,전진경,정영건,이해경,권오진,지원대,김관배 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

대구시와 경산시의 하수에서 음이온계 합성세제인 sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)와 sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS)를 유일한 탄소원으로 이용하는 균주 289종을 분리하고 이중 합성세제 분해력이 강한, 그람음성 간균으로 운동성인 8균주를 선정하여 그 선정균들의 특성을 조사하였다. 선정균은 40℃ 이상에서는 생육하지 못하였으며 생육 최적 pH는 균주간에 다소 차이가 있었으며 pH 4.0 이하에서는 선정균 모두 생육치 못하였다. 질소원으로는 SDS분해균의 생육에는 potassium nitrate가, SDBS 분해균의 생육에는 soytone이 좋았다. SDS 분해균인 DS-3, 6, 8, 24 및 SDBS 분해균인 BS-7, 8은 세제농도가 5.0% 이상에서도 생육이 가능하였다. 선정균들은 tetracycline에 감수성이 강한 것으로 나타났지만 penicillin에는 강한 내성을 띠는 것으로 나타났고, ??와 ??금속이온은 모든 선정균들의 생육을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. On purpose to isolate the organisms, which would utilize detergents(sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, SDBS) as a sole carbon source, from the waste water of Kyungsan and Taegu city 289 strains were isolated. Among them 8 strains, which are gram negative rods with motility and produce strong enzyme to biodegrade the synthetic detergents, were selected. The characteristics of them were investigated as follows, 8 strains were failed to grow above the temperature of 40℃ and below the pH 4.0 even though they have variable optimum pH. Potassium nitrate was very effective for the growth of SDS-biodegradable strains and soytone was effective for the growth of SDBS-biodegradable strains as a sole nitrogen source. Among 8 strains especially DS-3, DS-6, DS-8 and DS-24(SDS-biodegradation strains) and BS-7 and BS-8(SDBS-biodegradation strains) could grow above 5.0% of detergent concentration. All of 8 strains were very sensitive to tetracycline but resistant to penicillin. Selected 8 strains were inhibited by metal ions of ??(0.156mg/㎖) and ??(0.156mg/㎖).

선천성 결손치에 관한 임상적 연구

정해경,양연미,김재곤,백병주,정진우,김하나,김미아 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

The congenital missing of teeth is common, which takes place since the proliferation and differentiation are not allowed in that tooth bud fail to start development. The purpose of this study is to research incidence rate, number, and missing part of congenital missing teeth, and to study whether a person who has missing teeth has other abnormality of teeth or not. For this study, 1,520 subjects(aged 2.9~17) who had visited pediatric dentist department of Chonbuk national university dental hospital within 2 years were examined with an panoramic radiograph ; exempting third molar missing state. The obtained results are as follows. 1. 8.88% among total subjects show missing teeth ; male 9.05%, female 8.64% 2. The most frequently missing permanent teeth were the mandibular second premolars(22.3%). The most frequently missing primary teeth are mandibular lateral incisors(50%). 3. 43.3% patients have one permanent missing tooth, 34.3% have two, and 10.4% have more than six, respectively. In primary teeth, 86.7% patients have one missing tooth, and 13.3% have two missing teeth. 4. 18 patients(13.3%) have missing teeth as well as hyperdontia, while some patients have microdont, ectopic eruption, and fusion teeth. 치아의 선천성 결손은 치배의 발육이 시작되지 못하여 치아의 증식, 분화가 일어나지 못함으로서 발생하는 흔한 치아의 발육 이상이다. 이 연구의 목적은 선천성 결손치의 발생률, 결손치의 수, 발생부위와 결손치 환자에게서 나타난 다른 치아이상의 발생여부를 조사하는 것이다. 본 연구는 2006년 7월부터 2008년 6월까지 전북대학교 소아치과에 내원하여 파노라마를 촬영한 1,520명의 환자(2.9~17세)를 대상으로 제 3 대구치를 제외한 선천성 결손치의 분포를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 전체 1,520명 중 총 8.88%에서 결손치가 관찰되었으며, 남자가 9.05%, 여자가 8.64%에서 결손치가 관찰되었다. 2. 총 350개의 영구 결손치 중 하악 제 2 소구치가 22.3%로 가장 발생률이 높았고, 하악 측절치, 상악 제 2 소구치, 하악 중절치, 상악 측절치 순이었다. 또한 총 18개의 유치 결손치 중 하악 유측절치가 가장 높은 발생률(50%)을 보였다. 3. 1개의 영구치 결손치를 가지는 환자는 43.3%, 2개는 34.3%, 3개는 6,7%, 4개는 1.5%, 5개는 3.7%, 6개 이상은 10.4%이었다. 또한 유치 결손치의 수는 1개는 86.7%, 2개는 13.3%이었다. 4. 결손치가 있는 환자 중 과잉치를 가지는 환자는 18명(13.3%)이 있었으며, 왜소치, 이소맹출, 융합치 등의 치아이상을 지닌 환자도 관찰되었다.

일개 대학병원에서 치료중인 만성질환자의 금연,절주 및 운동 실천 정도

손혜숙,전진호,이종태,정귀원,김성준,엄상화,유병철 韓國保健敎育.健康增進學會 2001 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background: Many chronic diseases are associated with the lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise. Attention is increasingly paid on the effect of exercise for the management of chronic disease these days. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of the smoking habit, alcohol drinking and physical exercise of the patients with chronic diseases. Methods: Total 793 persons(normal:422, chronic disease patients:371) in a hospital were questioned regarding the habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, and a practice of physical exercise in 1999. The patients with chronic illness were divided into three groups(Group I included the patients of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Group II includes respiratory disease and cancer. Group III included liver disease ). The rate of exercise, the rate of smoking cessation and the rate of abstinence were assessed. In logistic regression analysis with each independent variables in each disease groups(I, II and III), odds ratio for the presence of disease was controlled for age and education. Results: The rate of exercise, the rate of smoking cessation and the rate of abstinence was 31.5%, 27.3% and 9.5% in the patients with chronic disease, respectively. In control group, those were 31.5%, 21% and 2.1%, respectively. In logistic regression analysis with exercise as independent variable, odds ratios(95% CI) for age and education were significantly high, with smoking cessation, odds ratio for age was high and with abstinence, odds ratio for disease was high in all disease groups. Conclusion : It was suggested that an effort for proper changes of lifestyle related to disease such as smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise should be intervened in the patients with chronic diseases.

지하철 시설내 부유먼지에 함유된 돌연변이원의 생물학적 영향 평가

김진규,신해식,이정주,김균,이즌홍 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Airborne pollutants in the subway facilities can be potentially harmful to the health of passengers. This study was designed to examine whether the suspended particulates have mutagenic or carcinogenic effect on the plant cell systems. Total suspended particulates were collected with a high volume air sampler, in the entrance, the waiting room, and the platform of each subway station. The biological end-points in this experiment were the pink mutations in stamen hairs and micronuclei in the pollen mother cells of Tradescantia. The exudates were collected by shaking the filter papers from the sampler in distilled water for 24 hours. All the plant cuttings exposed to the exudates resulted in positive responses. The micronucleus assay proved more reliable and sensitive to the test than the stamen hair assay. The results indicate that the air particulates can give an adverse effect on the health of subway passengers.

한국형 우울장애 약물치료 알고리듬 2006 (Ⅰ)

서정석,민경준,김원,석정호,박원명,송해철,이상열,전덕인,전현태,홍진표,한국형 우울장애 약물치료 알고리듬 2006 연구그룹 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.5

Objectives : Since the publication of Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major depressive Disorder (KMAP-MD) in 2002, there has been a substantial need for a revision due to rapid progress in the pharmacological management for depressive disorder. We revised KMAP-MD to Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Depressive Disorder (KMAP-DD) in 2006. This paper is one of the following 4 papers consisting of Korean pharmacological algorithm for depressive disorder. Methods : The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts ; initial treatment of 1) non-psychotic depressive disorder, 2) psychotic depressive disorder, 3) treatment strategy for clinical subtypes and drug choice considering adverse effects, and 4) treatment for depressive disorder in women. It was composed of 22 questions, and each question had 54 sub-items. The questionnaire was completed by the review committee consisting of 101 experienced Korean psychiatrists. We classified the expert opinion to 3 categories (the first-line, the second-line, or the third-line). Results : For non-psychotic major depression, regardless ofthe severity of an episode, the antidepressant (AD) monotherapy was the optimal first-line treatment. SSRI, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine were the 1st-line AD. In case of a partial or no response to initial strategy, adding another AD was recommended. For psychotic major depression, combination of an AD and an atypical antipsychotic (AAP) was the treatment of choice. Among AAPs, quetiapine, rispendone, olanzapine were preferred. For non-responder to initial strategy, the next step was adding or changing AD before changing AAP. For women with premenstrual dysphoric syndrome or postpartum depression without psychotic features, AD monotherapty was a preferred strategy while for psychotic postpartum depression, combination of AD and AAP was recommended. Experts recommended various ADs according to adverse effect. Conclusion : These results suggest that the medication strategies for depressive disorder are rapidly changing and reflect the recent studies and clinical experiences.

안경착용자의 안경착용에 대한 이미지 연구 : Q-방법론적 연구 Q-methodological Approach

정수정,정혜경,김경희,권혜진 韓國學校保健學會 1999 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

This study attempts to identify the self-image of eyeglass wearers with Q-methodology. Preliminary Q-statements were collected through personal and telephone interviews and based in consultation with reference books, eyeglass wearers, an optician and an oculist. Finally,34 Q-samples were seleted. The results were analyzed by a Q-factor with a PC QUANL Program. The sell-image of eyeglass wearers were found to revolve around three types: Type 1. They feel that eyeglasses have a negative inf1uence on image and that they uncomfortable. In addition, other people have a negative bias toward people who wear eyeglasses. As a result of these negative prejudices and inconveniences, there is a tendency to wear contact lens or have laser operations. Type 2. They feel less uncomfortable comparatively', when explained that classes can help improve their image. When explained as a fashion accessory, negative prejudices almost disappeared. Type 3. They show a positive reaction when explained that spectacles are also rosed for sight protection. However, they are sensitive to changes in their complexion as a result of eyeglass wear and place much importance in the design of glass frames. The significance of this study is to suggest basic data for a mediation device that improve the image of eyeglass wearers discovery and analysis of these three types.

소아에서의 급성 파종성 뇌척수염의 임상적 고찰

조수진,박은애,유은선,김혜순,손세정,서정완,이승주,한후재 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

목적: 급성 파종성 뇌척수염은 감염이나 예방 접종 후 발생하는 중추 신경계의 급성 자가 면역 염증성 질환으로 탈수초를 일으킨다. 신경학적인 증상으로 발현되고 대부분 환전히 회복되지만 신경학적 후유증을 남기거나 사망 할 수도 있다. 이에 저자들은 본원에서 발생 한 14명을 분석하여 조기 진단과 치료에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1998년 3월부터 2003년 8월까지 이대목동병원에서 급성 파종성 뇌척수염으로 진단 받은 14명의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 환자들의 평균 발생 연령은 5±7.8개월이였고, 특정계절이나 연도에 집중되어서 나타나지는 않았다. 선행질환은 주로 비특이적인 상기도 감염이 가장 많았고, 초기증상으로는 경련이 가장 많았다. 그 외에 의식저하나 운동장애도 있었다. 뇌척수액 검사에서 백혈구 증가증이 발견된 경우는 있었으나 단백이 증가된 경우는 없었다. 뇌 자기공명 촬영에서 T2 증강시 뇌백질과 기저핵에 고음영의 다발성 병소가 발견되었고 추적 촬영에서 대부분에서 소실되었다. 뇌파 검사가 시행되었던 경우 전반적인 서파가 가장 많았고 국소적인 극파가 나온 경우도 한 명 있었다. 환자들은 정맥 면역 글로블린과 메틸프레드니졸론으로 치료하였고 치료 시작 후 3~7일내 증상이 호전되었다. 모든 환자를 2달 이상 추적 관찰하였고 항경련제가 지속적으로 필요한 정도의 경련성 질환이 두 명, 신경아교증이 남아잇는 경우가 한 명, 외래에서 다발성 경화증이 의심되는 경우가 한 명 있었다. 결론: 급성 파종성 뇌척수염은 침범 부위에 따라서 다양한 임상 상으로 나타나며 면역 글로블린과 메틸프레드니졸론이 치료에 효과적이였다. 본 연구에서는 대상 환자수가 적어 신경학적 후유증의 위험요소는 밝힐 수는 없으나, 예후는 검사소견과 연관되어 있지는 않았고, 대부분에서 양호하여 완전히 회복되었으나, 신경학적 후유증이 남은 경우도 있었다. Objective:Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM) is an acute demyelinating autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system which develops after infection of vaccination. It may be fatal, and produce a permanent residual static disability or fully recover. We retrospec-tively studied 14 cases to investigate the clinical findings and outcome of ADEM. Methods : 14cases of ADEM diagnosed at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital from 1998 to 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Results : The age of onset was 5years±7.8 months and no seasonal clustering was found. The time of onset of symptoms was between 3 to 30 days. The preceding events were nonspecific upper respiratory infections in 9 cases, aseptic meningitis in 4 cases, and gastroenteritis in one case..The initial symptoms were seizure, altered consciousness, hemiparesis, fever, headache, and vomiting. Brain MRI showed multifocal high signal intensity lesions on T2 weighted image mainly in the cerebral whith matter, basal ganglia and periventricular white matter. EEG was performed in some cases and showed generalized or focal slow waves and only one case showed focal spikes. Patients were treated with IV globulin and methylprednisolone and the symptoms improved within 3-7 days after treatment. All patients were followed up for more than 2 months and most of them fully recovered except two. Conclusion : ADEM presents in various clinical manifestations depending on its involvement of the brain lesions. Most cases recovered fully but in some cases, residual permanent neurologic sequelae remained.

직업적 아크릴아미드 폭로에 의한 다발성 신경병증

정해관,권용욱,어경윤,김병준,양정선,정철,진영우,이미영,강성규 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Authors report a first Korean case of polyneuropathy in an acrylamide producing factory together with an environmental and epidemiologic survey for the ten workers of the same workplace and 46 workers in the production and manufacturing acrylamide in Ulsan, Korea. The case is 30 years old man who worked in the production of the acrylamide for two years. In August, 1997, he had a weakness of the lower extremity with loss of body weight of 15 Kg which progressed to paresthesia of the limbs, the loss of vibration sense, difficulty in walking, speech disturbance, dysuria, constipation, difficulty in erection and swallowing difficulty. Neurologic examination showed a complete loss of vibration and position sense, and loss of deep tendon reflex in all the limbs. There was a contact dermatitis-like skin lesion on the feet. Electrodiagnostic test showed a generalized polyneuropathy of moderate degree involving motor and sensory component of peripheral and cranial nerves. After 8 months' cessation from exposure and supportive care, his symptoms were completely resolved, but abnormality in electrodiagnostic test and vibrotactile perception threshold still persisted, although much improved than before. There were 11 workers in the same workplace of the case, producing acrylamide by microorganism as a catalyst. Environmental monitoring of the workplace revealed air borne concentration of the acrylamide to be from 0.05 to 0.23 mg/m3 by personal sampling and from 7.65 to 11.65 mg/m3 by area sampling during filter exchanging process, which far exceeds TLV-TWA of 0.03 mg/m3. However, acrylamide was not detected from the plasma of the workers. Symptom questionnaire showed a markedly higher complain of neurologic symptoms, compared to the workers of the other acrylamide producing companies. Electrodiagnostic test showed a several workers are in the lower normal range without definite abnormality. Vibrotactile perception threshold by Vibratron Ⅱ showed a significantly increased threshold in the workers of the same workplace compared to the other acrylamide workers and significantly decreased test score of color vision compared to normal controls. After improvement of the production process and strict wearing of the protective device, most workers reported the improvement of clinical symptoms, but vibrotactile perception threshold was not improved. These result suggests the need for the effective environmental monitoring together with a periodic biological monitoring. Development of effective screening test is urgently needed to control and assess the skin absorption of acrylamide.