Design Goal Based Implementation of Energy Efficient Greek Unicode Reader for Natural Language Processing

Gaurav Verma,Vikas Verma,Divya Sharma,Adesh Kumar,Himanshu Verma,Kartik Kalia 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.3

Unicode font is used in coding system that assign a unique code to every symbol of scripts irrespective of their platform, and language. The Greek Unicoder receives 16-bit hexadecimal code of alphabet. The device has been designed to convert Greek language into different languages that our people could understand. This Unicode reader code has been implemented on 28nm FPGA platform called Kintex-7 FPGA. In this paper we are using frequency scaling technique and Design goal. In this paper power analysis is our main concern and we have studied about the power analysis at different frequencies keeping the temperature constant at 25 degree Celsius and maintaining the constant air flow.

Design and Implementation of Router for NOC on FPGA

Gaurav Verma,Harsh Agarwal,Shreya Singh,Shaheem Nighat Khanam,Prateek Kumar Gupta,Vishal Jain 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.12

In today’s technological era, SOC has undergone rapid evolution and is still processing at a swift pace. But due to this explosive evolution of semiconductor industry, the devices are scaling down at a rapid rate and hence, SOC today have become communication-centric. However, the existing bus architectures comprising of wires for global interconnection in SOC design are undergoing design crises as they are not able to keep up with the rate of scaling down of devices. To overcome bottleneck of communication system, NOC is an upcoming archetype. In on-chip network, router is considered as an important component. This paper proposes router, its components and parameters which affects the entire design. Thus, to validate the functioning of NOC on hardware, router has been designed in VHDL and simulated in Xilinx ISE 14.1 targeting Xilinx XC5VLX30-3 FPGA.

Evaluation of early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute calculous cholecystitis: a prospective, randomized study

Gaurav Gupta,Ajay Shahbaj,Dharmendra Kumar Pipal,Pawan Saini,Vijay Verma,Sangeeta Gupt,Vibha Rani,Seema Yadav 대한내시경로봇외과학회 2022 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: Uncertainty exists about whether early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is an appropriate surgical treatment for acute calculous cholecystitis. This study aimed to compare early vs. late LC for acute calculous cholecystitis regarding intraoperative difficulty and postoperative outcomes. Methods: This was a prospective randomized study carried out between December 2015 and June 2017; 60 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis were divided into two groups (early and delayed groups), each comprising 30 patients. Thirty patients treated with LC within 3 to 5 days of arrival at the hospital were assigned to the early group. The other 30 patients were placed in the delayed group, first treated conservatively, and followed by LC 3 to 6 weeks later. Results: The conversion rates in both groups were 6.7% and 0%, respectively (p = 0.143). The operating time was 56.67 ± 11.70 minutes in the early group and 75.67 ± 20.52 minutes in the delayed group (p = 0.001), and both groups observed equal levels of postoperative complications. Early LC patients, on the other hand, required much fewer postoperative hospital stay (3.40 ± 1.99 vs. 6.27 ± 2.90 days, p = 0.006). Conclusion: Considering shorter operative time and hospital stay without significant increase of open conversion rates, early LC might have benefits over late LC.

An Identity-based Ring Signcryption Scheme: Evaluation for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sharma, Gaurav,Bala, Suman,Verma, Anil K. The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2013 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.2 No.2

Wireless Sensor Networks consist of small, inexpensive, low-powered sensor nodes that communicate with each other. To achieve a low communication cost in a resource constrained network, a novel concept of signcryption has been applied for secure communication. Signcryption enables a user to perform a digital signature for providing authenticity and public key encryption for providing message confidentiality simultaneously in a single logical step with a lower cost than that of the sign-then-encrypt approach. Ring signcryption maintains the signer's privacy, which is lacking in normal signcryption schemes. Signcryption can provide confidentiality and authenticity without revealing the user's identity of the ring. This paper presents the security notions and an evaluation of an ID-based ring signcryption scheme for wireless sensor networks. The scheme has been proven to be better than the existing schemes. The proposed scheme was found to be secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext ring attacks (IND-IDRSC-CCA2) and secure against an existential forgery for adaptive chosen message attacks (EF-IDRSC-ACMA). The proposed scheme was found to be more efficient than scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks reported by Qi. et al. based on the running time and energy consumption.

Google Search Trends Predicting Disease Outbreaks: An Analysis from India

Madhur Verma,Kamal Kishore,Mukesh Kumar,Aparajita Ravi Sondh,Gaurav Aggarwal,Soundappan Kathirvel 대한의료정보학회 2018 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.24 No.4

Objectives: Prompt detection is a cornerstone in the control and prevention of infectious diseases. The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project of India identifies outbreaks, but it does not exactly predict outbreaks. This study was conducted to assess temporal correlation between Google Trends and Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) data and to determine the feasibility of using Google Trends for the prediction of outbreaks or epidemics. Methods: The Google search queries related to malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, and enteric fever for Chandigarh union territory and Haryana state of India in 2016 were extracted and compared with presumptive form data of the IDSP. Spearman correlation and scatter plots were used to depict the statistical relationship between the two datasets. Time trend plots were constructed to assess the correlation between Google search trends and disease notification under the IDSP. Results: Temporal correlation was observed between the IDSP reporting and Google search trends. Time series analysis of the Google Trends showed strong correlation with the IDSP data with a lag of –2 to –3 weeks for chikungunya and dengue fever in Chandigarh (r > 0.80) and Haryana (r > 0.70). Malaria and enteric fever showed a lag period of –2 to –3 weeks with moderate correlation. Conclusions: Similar results were obtained when applying the results of previous studies to specific diseases, and it is considered that many other diseases should be studied at the national and sub-national levels.

Quantitative histology-based classification system for assessment of the intestinal mucosal histological changes in patients with celiac disease

Prasenjit Das,Gaurav PS Gahlot,Alka Singh,Vandana Baloda,Ramakant Rawat,Anil K Verma,Gaurav Khanna,Maitrayee Roy,Archana George,Ashok Singh,Aasma Nalwa,Prashant Ramteke,Rajni Yadav,Vineet Ahuja,Vishnu 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: The existing histological classifications for the interpretation of small intestinal biopsies are based on qualitative parameters with high intraobserver and interobserver variations. We have developed and propose a quantitative histological classification system for the assessment of intestinal mucosal biopsies. Methods: We performed a computer-assisted quantitative histological assessment of digital images of duodenal biopsies from 137 controls and 124 patients with celiac disease (CeD) (derivation cohort). From the receiver-operating curve analysis, followed by multivariate and logistic regression analyses, we identified parameters for differentiating control biopsies from those of the patients with CeD. We repeated the quantitative histological analysis in a validation cohort (105 controls and 120 patients with CeD). On the basis of the results, we propose a quantitative histological classification system. The new classification was compared with the existing histological classifications for interobserver and intraobserver agreements by a group of qualified pathologists. Results: Among the histological parameters, intraepithelial lymphocyte count of ≥25/100 epithelial cells, adjusted villous height fold change of ≤0.7, and crypt depth-to-villous height ratio of ≥0.5 showed good discriminative power between the mucosal biopsies from the patients with CeD and those from the controls, with 90.3% sensitivity, 93.5% specificity, and 96.2% area under the curve. Among the existing histological classifications, our quantitative histological classification showed the highest intraobserver (69.7%–85.03%) and interobserver (24.6%–71.5%) agreements. Conclusions: Quantitative assessment increases the reliability of the histological assessment of mucosal biopsies in patients with CeD. Such a classification system may be used for clinical trials in patients with CeD.

Classification of Symmetric Key Management Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks

Suman Bala,Gaurav Sharma,Anil K. Verma 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.7 No.2

Capacitance Scaling With Different IO Standard Based Energy Efficient Bio-Medical Wrist Watch Design on 28nm FGPA

Shivani Madhok,Gaurav Verma,Ankur Bhardwa j,Himanshu Verma,Ipsita Singh,Sushant Shekhar 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Techn Vol.7 No.4

In this paper, we have designed an energy efficient wrist watch on 28nm FPGA. The code has been implemented in Xilinx ISE Design Suite 14.2. The device used is XC7K160T, package used is FBG676 and it is working on -3 speed grade. The wrist band will take the blood pressure as input and will tell about the state of the person wearing it. The design supports Internet of things service that’s why IP addresses are involved. This wrist band design is very helpful in biomedical areas. Research is in progress in this field. In this paper frequency is varied to obtain power consumption of Wrist Watch. Airflow has been kept 250 LFM and medium Heat sink. IO Standards has been varied in order to achieve an energy efficient device. Main emphasis has been done on MOBILE_DDR, LVTTL, HSUL_12, HSTL_I, LVCMOS33 and SSTL15 IO Standards. To design an energy efficient device we are using capacitance scaling and the capacitance is scaled down from 100pF to 20pF. During capacitance scaling, we observe that there is no change in clock power, logic power and signal power. Thermal Aware design is current research area. Analysis has been at two temperatures that is at 25 degree Celsius and at 50 degree Celsius. At the end we can conclude that the maximum power is consumed at 2.2GHz and minimum power is consumed at 1.2GHz. In respect of capacitance maximum power is consumed at 100pF and minimum power is consumed at 20pF at both temperatures at 25 degree Celsius and 50 degree Celsius.

Combinatorial and geometric optimization of a parabolic trough solar collector

Anubhav Goel,Gaurav Manik,Om Prakash Verma 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.2

The current investigation reveals the need for combinatorial and geometric optimization for parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs) and proposes methods to perform them. An analytical model of PTSC was drafted, which emerged to be quite accurate when exhaustively validated using experimental results. The analysis reveals that superior properties of design components (solar selective absorber coatings (SSACs), heat transfer fluids (HTFs), etc.) cannot guarantee better performance, as there are many interacting factors. Also, a particular combination of components can perform better at a certain temperature while lagging at another. To acquire an optimal combination of components, combinatorial optimization is introduced and carried out for PTSCs, using genetic algorithm (GA). Six SSACs, three absorber materials, and five HTFs are considered, significant efficiency improvements of 8% at 150 oC and 6% at 300 oC are observed. This study discloses that geometrical parameters (length and width of collector, focal length, etc.) possess positive as well negative impacts on efficiency. By varying these in a reasonable range, optimal values that lead to improved efficiency can be obtained. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to attain this geometric optimization, and improvement of 3% in efficiency is noticed by only ±5% variation in dimensions.

Energy management in multi stage evaporator through a steady and dynamic state analysis

Om Prakash Verma,Gaurav Manik,Toufiq Haji Mohammed 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.10

Increasing energy demand, high cost of energy and global warming issues across the globe require energyintensive industries, such as paper mills to improve energy efficiency. Multi-stage evaporators used to concentrate the black liquor in such mills form its most energy consuming unit and require a strong understanding of steady and unsteady state behavior to ensure energy savings. The modeling of nonlinear heptads’ effect system yielded a set of complex nonlinear algebraic and differential equations that are analyzed using Interior-point method and state space representation. Dynamic response of product concentration and system vapor temperatures along with system stability and controllability have been explored by disturbing the flow rate, concentration and temperature of feed, and fresh steam flow rate. Simulations predict that steam flow rate, feed flow rate and its concentration invariably are major controlling factors (in decreasing order) of vapor temperature and product concentration. The interactive behavior between different effects translates into slower responses of the effects with increasing separation from disturbance source. This steady state and transient study opens many new explanations to this relatively less explored area and helps to propose and implement industrial PID controllers to reduce steam consumption and control product quality.