The expression patterns of RANKL and OPG in murine tooth eruption

Hwang, Kyung-Mun,Kim, Eun-Jung,Kim, Hyun-Jung,,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

치아의 맹출은 치아기 (dental organ)와 치조골의 세포와 연관된 매우 복잡한 과정이다. 우선 치아 맹출이 일어나기 전에 파골세포가 치낭으로 집결하게 된다. 이러한 치낭의 역할은 파골세포와 조골세포의 상호작용으로 이루어 지는 골개조와 밀접한 관련이 있는데, 이는 치아 맹출과 연관된 많은 유전자들이 치낭에서 발현되기 때문이다. RANKL는 TNF ligand family로써 조골세포에 존재하며 파골세포의 형성 및 전구세포로 부터의 활성화를 유도한다. 이러한 RANKL은 OPG에 의해 그 작용이 억제되며 RANKL와 OPG의 상대적인 비율이 파골세포의 형성에 영향을 미친다. 또한 Runx2유전자의 변이는 조골세포의 분화와 활성에 차질을 가져오고 결국 RANKL/OPG pathway를 통해 파골세포 형성에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 치아의 발육 및 맹출에 미치는 RANKL 및 OPG의 영향을 알아보고 Runx2와의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 in situ hybridization 방법으로 태생 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11일된 쥐의 하악 및 제1대구치를 사용하여 실험을 실시한 결과 RANKL, OPG, Runx2의 mRNA가 태생 1일부터 11일까지 치낭 및 치아주위조직에 특성있게 나타났다. 이중 태생 5일에서 9일 사이에 RANKL 및 Runx2는 치아의 교합면측과 하방 치조골 부위의 발현이 강하게 나타난 반면 OPG는 약한 발현을 보였다. 이는 또한 파골세포의 활성부위를 알아보기 위해 TRAP염색을 실시하여 태생 5일에서 9일 사이에 최대의 활성화를 나타낸 결과와 연광성 있게 나타났다. RANKL, OPG, Runx2의 특성있는 발현양상들을 종합해 볼 때, 치아 맹출은 치낭, 치아기, 치조골 사이의 상호 작용을 통해 이루어 지며, 이는 치낭이 치아 맹출에 있어서 매우 중요하다는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 이러한 유전자들 (RANKL, OPG, Runx2) 이 치아의 맹출에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. Tooth eruption is a complex and tightly regulated process that involves cells of the tooth organ and the surrounding alveolus. Osteoclast precursors must be recruited into the dental follicle prior to the onset of eruption. This function of dental follicle may be regarded as the ability of bone remodeling characterized by the interaction of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. This is because tooth eruption is a localized event in which many of the genes required for eruption are expressed in the dental follicle. RANKL is a membrane-bound protein that is a member of the TNF ligand family, which is present on bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts, and induces osteoclast formation and activation from precursor cell. The biologic effect of RANKL is inhibited by OPG and, in bone, the relative ratio of RANKL and OPG modulates osteoclastogenesis. To evaluate the roles of RANKL and OPG in tooth eruption and the relations with the expression pattern of Runx2, in situ hybridization was performed with mandibles of mice at postnatal stage 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11. mRNA of RANKL, OPG, and Runx2 are expressed in dental follicle and surrounding tissue from P1 to 11. To determine the sites of osteoclastic activity duing tooth eruption, mandibles were dissected. Peak osteoclastic activity in alveolar bone along the occlusal and basal regions was observed from P5 to 9, with osteoclasts in these regions being large and strongly TRAP-positive. The specific spatic-temporal expression patterns of RANKL, OPG and Runx2 in our study suggest that tooth eruption could be progressed through the interactions of molecular signaling among dental follicle, dental organ and alveolar bone, furthermore it means that dental follicle is quite important in tooth eruption. In addition, it indicates that these genes (RANKL, OPG, and Runx2) play critical roles in tooth eruption.

급성 골수성 백혈병 환자에서 관해 유도 항암 화학요법 후 발생한 베르니케 뇌증

황진원,정재현,서광원,최병진,송영진,김종윤,이은지,임홍규,이상민 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Wernicke's encephalopathy is characterized by the triad of ocular symptoms, ataxia, and mental confusion and neuropsychiatric condition generally caused by acute thiamine deficiency. Although it is common in the severe alcoholics, several other causes also have been identified, such as total parenteral nutrition (TPN) use, hyperemesis gravidarum, anorexia nervosa, hemodialysis, uremia, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS). Chemotherapy in patient with malignanacy and long term total parenteral nutrition following bone marrow transplantation are related with Wernicke's encephalopathy. A 48-year-old woman had been treated with Daunorubicin and Cytarabine for remission induction chemotherapy of acute myeloblastic leukemia and intravenous hyperalimentation due to persistent hematochezia and ileus caused by infiltration of leukemic cell in terminal ileum. She suddenly complained of diplopia, tremor, and mental confusion at 32th day after chemotherapy and generalized tonic-clonic seizure at 34th day after chemotherapy. The diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy was made with clinical presentations and brain MRI. Brain MR T2-weighted & Flair image revealed a high signal intensity lesions bilaterally at the medial thalamus and peri-acueductal grey matter of the midbrain. The patient was successfully treated with vitamin B1. We presented a case of acute Wernicke's encephalopathy developed after remission induction chemotherapy followed by intravenous hyperalirnentation in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia.

선천성 완전방실차단이 동반된 신생아 루프스 1예

정재현,이은지,이은주,황진원,송영진,최병진,김일환,김종윤,허민영,김동욱 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Neonatal lupus is a rare syndrome occurring In neonates with tranplacentally acquired maternal autoantibodies, In particular anti-SSA/Ro-SSB/Ra antibodies. Manifestations include congenital heart block, cutaneous lesions, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, pulmonary or neurological disease and hepatitis. The non-cardiac manifestations resolve by 6 months of age, congenital heart block is irreversible. We experienced a case of neonatal lupus with congenital complete heart block in a newborn of asyptomatic mother with anti-SSA/Ro-SSB/Ra antibodies.

뇌동맥류 파열에 의한 급성 경막하 혈종이나 뇌내혈종을 동반한 혼수상태 환자에 대한 뇌혈관 조영술을 시행하지 않은 응급수술

황수현,박용규,백선하,박인성,김은상,정진명,한종우 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

Neurologically based clinical grading scales offer excellent prognostic information for the patient suuffering diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhaging. These grading scales are less applicable to patients with life-threatening intraparenchymal or subdural hematomas after aneurysmal rupture. During 2 and half years. 9 patients(ICH;5.SDH:1. ICH+SDH:3) in a comatose state with brain stem compression syndromes documented by computerized tomographic scans have undergone emergent operation without angiography in our neurosurgical departement. Each patient was so critically ill that we believed it unwise to delay craniotomy for diagnostic angiography. The average delay from the detection to operation was 2 hours. The origin of the hematoma was identified as a berry aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery bifurcation in seven patients and a posterior communicating artery aneurysm in two patients. One patient had a good recovery. two patients recovered with hemipardsis and mild cognitive dysfunction. two patients were vegetative and died due to pneumonia. and four patients died due to brain swelling within two weeks postoperatively. Emergent craniotomy with empiric exploration of appropriate subarachnoid cisterns after hematoma decompression may be life-saving management in some cases. The delay imposed for diagnostic angiography may be avoided in attempts to save vital minutes of severe brain stem compression.

풋마늘의 冬季養液裁培에 關한 硏究

鄭恩周,吳仲烈,黃海鎭,韓相政 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1995 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.4 No.-

겨울철 新鮮한 풋마늘의 生産體系 確立으로 端境期를 解消함과 아울러 아파트 人口가 增加하고 있는 오늘날 室內에서 簡單한 方法으로 풋마늘을 生産하는데 必要한 資料를 얻고자 하였다. 1) 萌芽率은 15±1℃區와 20±1℃區의 Hyponex와 水道물에서 瀋陽種(暖地型)이 瀋種 7日後에, 그리고 濟州種(暖地型)이 播種 21日後에 各各 100%를 나타내었다. 그러나 義城種(寒地型)은 15±1℃區에서 播種 7日後에 全혀 萌芽하지 않았고 21日後에 15±1℃區와 20±1℃區에서 各各 85% 및 95%의 萌芽率을 보였다. 2) 草長은 15±1℃區보다 20±1℃區에서, 그리고 水道물보다 Hyponex에서 더 크며 그의 伸長速度가 빨랐다. 瀋陽種은 15±1℃區와 20±1℃區의 Hyponex와 水道물에서 播種 35日後에 잎이 黃化하면서 草長의 伸長이 停止되었으나 濟州種과 義城種은 伸長을 繼績하였다. 瀋陽種은 다른 2品種에 比하여 草長이 顯著히 컸으며 伸長速度가 매우 빨랐다. 3) 播種 21日後의 葉數, 葉?徑, 葉重 및 葉?重은 15±1℃區보다 20±1℃區에서, 그리고 水道물보다 Hyponex에서 더 增加하였다. 供試 3品鍾中 瀋陽種이 各處理區에서 葉數가 顯著히 많고 葉重이 무서웠다. 義城種은 15±1℃區의 Hyponex와 水道물에서 葉伸長을 볼 수 없었다. 4) 比生長率(CGR)은 15±1℃區와 20±1℃區의 Hyponex와 水道물에서 瀋陽種과 濟州種은 播種7日後에, 그리고 義城種은 播種 14日後에 極大期를 나타낸 다음 漸次 減少하였다. 極大期의 比生長率은 15±1℃區보다 20±1℃區에서, 그리고 水도물보다 Hyponex에서 더 높았다. 5) 20±1℃區에서 CGR의 잎으로서 寄與率은 瀋陽種과 濟州種이 播種21日後까지 增加한 다음 漸次 減少하는 傾向을 보였으나 義城種은 繼績 增加하였고, 뿌리로의 寄與率은 3品種 모두 播種14日後부터 急激히 減少하였다. 6) 葉面積指數는 20±1℃區에서 3品種 모두 水道물보다 Hyponex에서 높았다. 播種28日後의 葉面積指數는 濟州種이 2.0 그리고 義城種이 1.0이었는데 比하여 瀋陽種은 4.0 以上이었다. 7) 本實驗의 어느 境遇에 있어서도 瀋陽種이 濟州種 및 義城種에 比하여 萌芽率가 빠르고 草長이 크고 葉收量이 많았으며, 15±1℃區보다 20±1℃區에서 그리고 水道물보다 Hyponex에서 生育이 良好하였다. 그리고 瀋陽種은 20±1℃區의 Hyponex와 水道물에서 播種後 14日이 經過하면 收穫이 可能하였다. The purpose of this study is to establish a production system for providing fresh leafy garlic in winter season and to obtain data for an easy method of indoor nutriculture of this plant, especially in apartment life. 1. Emergence rates in 15℃ and in 20℃ cultured by Hyponex and by tap water were 100% after 7 and 21 days from planting in Shenyang cultivar, a Southern ecotype, and in Cheju cultivar, a Southern ecotype respectively. Euisung cultivar, a northen ecotype, did not planting uner 15℃ until 7 days from planting, but emerged 85% and 95% after 21 days from planting under 15℃ and 20℃ conditions, respectively. 2. Plant lengths were higher in 20℃ and in Hyponex culture than in 15℃ and in tap water culture, respectively. Shenyang cultivar in 15℃ and 20℃ cultured by Hyponex and tap water ceased to eloongate the leaf and showed chlorosis after 35 days from planting, but Cheju and Euisung cultivars continued to elongate the leaf. The plant length of Shenyang cultivar was especially long as compared with other two cultivars and grew fast. 3. After 21 days from planting, leaf number, diameter of leaf sheath, leaf weight and weight of leaf sheath were higher in 20℃ and in Hyponex culture than in 15℃ and in tap water culture. respecively. Among three cultivars, Shenyang had much more leaves and heavy ones. 4. Comparative crop growth rate(CGR) showed at maximum after 7 days from planting in 15℃ and in 20℃ cultured by Hyponex and by tap water in Shenyang and Cheju cul-tivar while after 14 days from plamting in Euisung cultivar, then decreased gradually afterward. The CGR at maximum was higher in 20℃ and in Hyponex culture than in 15℃ and in tap water cul-ture, respectively. 5. The percentage of contribution of CGR to leaf were increased until 21 days from planting, then decreased gradually afterward in Shenyang and Cheju cultivars, but Euisung showed continu-ous increase. The percentage of contribution of CGR to root declined markedly after 14 days from planting in all three cultivars. 6. Leaf area index(LAI) were high in all three cultivars in 20℃ in Hyponex culture as compared with tap water culture. After 28 days from planting, LAI was 2.0 and 1.0 in Cheju and in Euisung cultivar respectively, comparing with above 4.0 in Shenyang cultivar. 7. In every conditions, Shenyang cultivar exceeded in emerging date, plant length and leaf produc-tion, and the growth was better in 20℃ and in Hyponex culture than in 15℃ and in tap water cul-ture, respectively. After 14 days from planting, Shenyang cultivar was possible to harvest in 20℃ cultured by Hyponex and by tap water.

축구선수의 Detraining과 Retraining이 혈청지질 및 호르몬농도에 미치는 영향

정정화,박재현,채종훈,성혜련,황지인,윤미숙,노금선,윤종관,윤영학,노순덕,정경숙,박일규,김은희,박현태,박상갑 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of detraining and retraining on serum lipid and hormones in soccer players. Subjects were seven male high-school soccer players. V˙O_2max was determined for each subjects by administering a treadmill test(initial speed: 90m/min, grade: 5%, increasing speed per 3 min: 30m/min). Serum lipid(T-C, TG, HDL-C LDL-C) and hormones(epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormones, cortisol) were assayed pre and post detraining in 10, 20, 30 days after retraining. The repeated ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for the study. The results of the study were as follows: 1. V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3576.3±204.2ml/min pre detraining, 3234.1±198.9 ml/min post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3601.4±170.9 ml/min. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 2. V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were significantly(p<.05) decreased from 62.3±2.9 ml/kg/min to 55.9±4.7 ml/kg/min in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were 62.4±3.4ml/kg/min, 62.7±2.3ml.kg/min, 67.3±7.2ml/kg/min respectively. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 3. T-C were significantly (p<.05) increased from 166.6±8.5mg/dl to 175.3±10.3 mg/dl in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, T-C were 160.1± 3.2mg/dl, 156.7±3.7mg/dl, 140.3±9.0mg/dl. There were significantly(p<.05) decreased in retraining periods. 4. HDL-C were 61.4±6.6mg/di pre detraining, 5.3±6.6mg/dl post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, HDL-C were 56.9±7.1mg/dl, 56.4±9.2mg/dl, 57.7±9.1mg/dl respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. 5. The hormones(epinephrine. norepinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol) were changed as same patterns. Epinephrine were 26.0±7.0[g/ml pre detraining, 24.6±3.2pg/ml post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, epinephrine were 26.9±5.6pg/ml, 30.6±6.2pg/ml, 29.4±5.6pg/ml respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. In conclusion, HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were decreased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were increased in detraining. But HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were increased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were decreased in retraining.

예비 초등교사와 예비 특수초등교사의 과학교수에 대한 태도 연구

황순영,정은영,이미아 국립특수교육원 2006 특수교육연구 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 예비 특수초등교사와 예비 초등교사의 과학교수에 대한 태도를 살펴보기 위하여 부산, 경남에 있는 교육대학과 특수교육과예 재학중인 3, 4학년 학생들을 대상으로 하였다. 예비교사의 과학교수에 대한태도를 측정하기 위해 Thompson과 Shrigley()985)가 개발한 과학교수에 대한 태도척도(Revised Science Attitude Scale)를 예비 특수초등교사와 예비 초등교사에 맞게 수정하여 사용하였다. 연구문제에 따라 기술통계와 t-검증, 이원변량분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 정리해 보면 첫째, 예비 특수초등교사와 예비 초등교사의 과학교수에 대한 전체 태도에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 예비 특수초등교사가 예비 초등교사들보다 과학교육의 필요성을 보다 높게 지각하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 과학관련 과목 수강 여부에 따른 예비교사의 전체 태도는 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 하위영역 중. 과학교수에 대한 편안함 영역에서는 과학관련 교과목을 수강한 경험이 있는 예비 교사가 더 긍정적인 태도를 보였으며, 필요성 영역에서는 오히려 수강한 경험이 없는 예비 교사가 더 긍정적인 태도를 나타냈다 셋째, 예비 초등교사와 예비 특수초등교사의 과학교수 태도에 대한 문항별 차이를 살펴본 결과, 예비 초등교사는 예비 특수초등교사에 비해 학생들의 질문에 대한 두려움이 크며, 예비 특수초등교사는 다른 교과와 비교해 과학의 중요성에 대해 더 긍정적인 태도를 가지고 있었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate attitude toward science teaching between elementary preservice teacher and special elementary preservice teacher in 3 and 4 grade students of university. For this purpose, the Revised Science Attitude Scale developed by Thompson & Shrigley(1986) was used and the method, t-test, two way ANOVA were used to investig science teach ing attitude for them. The results are as followed : First of all, the reliability if measurement instrument was verified through a pre-study. For the first research question was used. And Discriminative Analysis was used to investigate the second research question. The results of this study were as follows: First, according to the result of t-test, there weren't significant difference of science teaching attitude between two groups. But special elementary preservice teachers higher perceived necessity of science education than general elementary preservice teachers. Second, there weren't also significant difference of science teaching attitude between two groups according to experiences of taking science related course. However elementary preservice teachers who are taking science course feel so easy toward comfort to science teaching compared to the not taking science course.

한국판 정신질환의 내재화된 낙인 척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구

황태연,이우경,한은선,권의정 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.5

Objectives : The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale designed to measure the subjective experience of stigma with sub-scales measuring Alienation, Stereotype Endorsement. Perceived Discrimination, Stigma Resistance, and Social Withdrawal. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of ISMI. Methods : The subjects were 194 schizophrenic patients and 205 peoples with depressive disorder. K-ISMI, CES-D (The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and Self Esteem scale were performed. Results : Results showed that the ISMI had high internal consistence and split-half reliabilities. The internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach alpha) of each subscale ranged from .83 to .93. The validity of the ISMI was investigated by principal axis factoring analysis, yielding 5 factors of alienation, Perceived discrimination, negative stereotype, stigma resistance, devaluation and social withdrawal. 5 subscales explained 60.67% of total variance. Concurrent validity was supported by comparisons against scales measuring related constructs. As expected, the ISMI had positive correlations with CES-D, and it had negative correlation with self-esteem scale. Subsidiary analysis showed that schizophrenic patients showed higher internalized stigma than depressed patients. Conclusion : Overall, the findings support the utility of ISMl as a tool to evaluate internalized stigma of persons with mental illness. Interventions that can lessen internalized stigma may well hasten the recovery process in individuals with mental illness.

肢발생중 세포 증식성에 미치는 Etretinate의 영향에 관한 연구

황정연,김은영,박선화,전용혁 고려대학교 의과대학 1994 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.31 No.1

Cell proliferation in the developmental sequence of fore-limb in the DDY mouse with the adverse effect of single dose of etretinate (Tigason®) on it correlated to the drug-induced dysmorphogenesis was studied by measns of argyrophil technique for nucleolar organizer regions(AgNORs) and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA). The number of AgNORs per nucleus displayed regional differences in the limb bud on day 11 of gestation, as higher values in apical ectodermal ridge(AER) and growing tip but decreased rapidly thereafter compared with those in the other parts of epithelia and subepithelial mesenchyme, while in core mesenchyme where the higest in its value on day 11, the numbers decreased depend not on the age but on the chondrified stage specific. Antibody reaction to PCNA expressed in almost all of the cells, stronger in mesenchyme than in epithelia on day 11 and then decreased gradually with the development proceed. Siver reactions to NORs as well as PCNA expression were decreased sharply by etretinate but recovered gradually from 24 hours after treatment except the value of AgNORs in the chondrified mesenchyme. The results Indicate that growth conducted by AER with subridge mesenchyme and chondrification in the core mesenchyme are two of major processes in the early development of limb, and the adverse effects of etretinate on proliferation and differentiation persist longer in the chondrified area but decreased expression of proliferative activities by the drug do not appear to be the result subsequent to the drug-induced cell death. The results suggest that temporal inhibition or interruption of the proliferation could deprive the programmed sequence of development of its appropriate timing with subsequent disturbance of the pace in growth which might be a role of limb dysmorphogensis but the drug's affinity to the chondrified cells remains a question.

고립성 폐 결절로 나타난 경화성 혈관종의 폐엽 절제술에 의한 치험 1예 : A case report

황은구,이송암,황재준,김상윤,권혁중,김요한 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.13 No.-

Patient was sixty-eight years old female. She was transferred to our department to resect the solitary pulmonary nodule on right lower lobe. Intraoperative frozen-section revealed bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. So, we performed right lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection. Permanent pathologic diagnosis of this patient was sclerosing hemangioma. We report experience of treatment of sclerosing hemagioma presenting solitary pulmonary nodule by lobectomy with the review of literatures.