정신분열증 입원환자에서 니코틴과 항정신병 약물의 상관관계 규명을 위한 니코틴 패취 적용 연구

반건호,유희정,윤도준,김종우,이기철 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

연구목적 : 정신분열증 환자는 흡연율이 높고, 그에 따라 항정신병 약물 투여량이 늘어나고, 약물에 의한부작용은 오히려 감소한다고 알려져 있다. 이러한 연구에서 방법론적 문제로는 실제 니코틴 용량을 측정하지 않았다는 점이다. 본 연구는 담배보다 니코틴의 주요 대사물인 코티닌을 측정하여 방법론적 오류를 최소화하고자 하였다. 방법 : 정신분열증으로 진단받은 입원환자 중 니코틴 패취군 8명, 대조군 8명을 설정하였다. 5일간 패취를 붙인 후 혈액에서 코티닌을 측정하였고, 정신증상의 정도를 알기 위하여 PANSS, 약물의 추체외로 부작용 측정을 위하여 ESRS를 실시하였다 일일 약물용량을 chlorpromazine 동량으로 환산하여 기록하였다. 결과 : 코티닌 수치와 정신증상, 추체외로부작용, 약물용량 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 코티닌은 항정신병 약물의 작용에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 단, 향후 연구에서는 니코틴 패취의 양을 증량하여 사용하므로써, 코티닌 용량에 따라 항정신병 약물효과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 검증해야 할 것이다.

유도심판규정의 변천과정에 관한 연구

조용철,이건휘 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2003 武道硏究所誌 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find out the process of change in the regulations for judgements in Judo game according to the division of the era. The study is to deal about how the process of change in the regulations for judgements conducts. Also, it is to find out the meaning abut the regulations for judgements of Judo Games. According to the division of the era, the first period was when Kanojigoro of Japan created the method that judges Judo free game in the operation of Kodokan techniques before consulting the regulations of authorized wrestling in 1930. The second period was when the regulations of Judo game were made with the help of the regulations of wrestling in 1930 and it was from the foundation of the International Judo Association in 1951 to before the choice with regular game in Olympic Games. The third period was when the regulations that judges Judo were reinforced since the choice in Olympic games. The regulations that judges Judo were settled and the time of the Judo game, the uniform, number, role of referees, the items of prohibition and the guidelines of scores were fixed in details. As mentioned above, the great change in regulations of Judo Games gave rise to the change of the new codified regulations in Kodokan in 1930's. In addition, before the foundation of the International Judo Association, the regulations made by the various kinds of organizations that held Judo game included the characteristic contents of them and since 1930's each organization such as Japanese police agency, Mudeokhoi and Kodokan made the similar game rules with one another. After the foundation of the International Judo Association, the regulations for judgements of Judo game were changed as the starting point many types of Olympics. Since 1996, Judo has established as a international game and the regulations for judgements of Judo game have reflected the impartiality of rules by being aware of audiences and TV hook up. Above all, since 1990's it has characterized by the enforcement of regulations for stronger judgements rather than the items of penalty regulations. As a result, the regulations for judgments of Judo game include impartiality of game operation, safety of players and absoluteness of referees' judgments. First, impartiality of game operation is that the practical regulations are the game rules for judgments in Judo game. Referees must judge in the game rules and prohibited techniques must be punished definitely and impartially right away. At this time, The translation of the regulations must not judge individually, and must be objective as soon as possible. Most of the regulations of the judgments consist of three referees considering the difficult tasks of referees. The threereferees consist of a referee and two judges. Two judges are placed to support a referee as they judge independently standing abetter location. The referee must accept the judgments of the judges without question and the final judgement made by three referees must be fair and accurate. Second, safety of players is close connected with Judo techniques. Also, we can know how safety of playershas developed by the change of prohibited techniques. Before 1990's players had to punish by using irregular techniques and uselimited techniques to protect the injury of the players. These change in the regulations for judgments include a great meaning in Judo game. Third, absoluteness of referees' judgments made for the right judgment and the consideration of audience and after 1990's the regulations for judgments included the details of penalty items. These seems to consider Judo modern sportscontrolled by audiences than self-training. Thus, the method for judgments in Judo game is suitable for the events and must keep the objective rules. These are satisfied with the esthetic demands of the audiences through the characteristics and the distinctive, lively shape of Judo. Therefore, in the future the facilities and regulations for judgements in Judo have to be suitable for thetechnical aspect. In terms of the sports Judo is required to various kinds of the development of regulations for judgements because of the demands of the spectators.

면취기 시스템에 있어서 부하의 관성모멘트에 따른 가변 PID 일정 장력제어의 기초연구

사공건,허 진,전홍배,김철한 東亞大學校 2001 東亞論叢 Vol.38 No.-

In the winding system, the constant tension control is too important. In this study, we've investigated about a variable PID system as a function of a radius of winding roll. As a result, it was possible to measure a winding roll radius in the real time by making a mathematical model for measuring a winding roll radius. Finally, we've compared PID parameters as a function of winding roll radius after getting PID parameters in terms of the Ziegler & Nichols(ZN) method.

외상성 골낭의 방사선학적 연구

이건일,이삼선,최순철 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1994 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.24 No.1

Fifty-two cases of traumatic bone cysts in 50 patients were analysed clinically and radiologically. The obtained results were as follows; 1. Women showed a slightly higher incidence than did men (56% of patients) and the average age proved to be 18.6 years. 2. The majority of the cases were asymptomatic, being detected incidentally, and over the half of the cases occurred in the mandibular symphyseal region. 3. All cases were unilocular and the largest diameter of the lesions varied from 1 to 10㎝, mean 3㎝. 4. Some degree of marginal condensation was present in 28 cases and 23 cases presented pencil-sketch appearance. 5. Many anatomical cortical plates(especially, mandibular inferior cortex and lamina durae) consisted of the margin of the lesions partly. 6. Erosive change of the mandibular inferior cortex was caused by 12 cysts, but cortical expansion only by 3 cysts including 2 cases of buccal expansion. 7. The lesion enveloped the roots of the adjacent teeth in 27 cases and scalloping was present between roots in 17 cases. 8. Lamina dura of the teeth was destroyed by only 1 cyst, and in 1 case root resorption was noticed. But there was no divergence of the roots of teeth.

자성분말의 초투자율 측정방법과 그 응용

사공건,전홍배,허 진,김철한 東亞大學校 2001 東亞論叢 Vol.38 No.-

In this study, a measuring system of the initial permeability of soft-ferrite powder is developed by using a linear variable differential transformer's coil, and investigated about a demagnetizing factor. Magnetic powder is extensively used for a magnetic fluid and microwave absorber's materials etc.. In these applications, it is significantly important for us to measure an initial permeability of magnetic ceramic powder. Unfortunately, there are not any measuring equipment and method directly up to the present.

실크 생지직물의 정련발염날염에 관한 연구

박건용,박창혁,서기성,김재현,김동철 호서대학교 반도체제조장비국산화연구센터 2001 반도체장비학술심포지움 Vol.2001 No.-

실크 생지직물에 대해 정련날염호로 무늬를 인날하고 증열 처리함으로써 무늬 부분만 정련이 되도록 하는 정련날염 기술을 개발하여 모시 섬유와 같이 뻣뻣하면서 시원한 질감이 나는 정련되지 않은 생직물 부분과 정련에 의해 유연하고 매끄러우면서 광택이 나는 비단 부분이 동시에 한 직물에 공존하면서 입체적인 무늬 표현이 가능한 독특하고 새로운 실크 직물을 개발하였다. 또한 산성염로 등의 합성염료로 염색된 실크 생지직물과 천연염fy로 염색된 실크 생지직물에 대해서 정련날염과 동시에 무늬 부분의 바탕색을 빼내고 착색을 고착시키는 발염의 특수날염 기술을 개발하여 다양한 색상에 의한 무늬 표현이 가능하게 함으로써 고부가가치 실크직물을 생산할 수 있도록 되었다.

정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애에 대한 올란자핀의 효과와 안전성

안용민,강대엽,권준수,김창윤,김철응,반건호,신영민,이기철,이동우,이중서,조현상,채정호,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 본 다기관 공동임상연구는 국내 환자를 대상으로 새로운 항정신병약물인 올라자핀의 치료 효과와 안전성을 확인하고자 시행되었다. 방 법 : 1999년 7월부터 2000년 3월까지 국내 10개 병원에 방문한 정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애 105명을 대상으로 비대조 개방 임상연구를 시행하였다. 중등도 이상의 정신병 증상을 지니거나, 부작용으로 약물교체가 필요한 경우 또는 기분장애 증상의 치료가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 2∼7일간의 약물 배설기간 후에 1일 10mg의 올란자핀을 투여하였고, 이후로 3∼7일 간격으로 용량을 조절하여 총 8주간 투여하였다. 치료 효과는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression-Severity), MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety)로 판정하였다. 안전성 평가는 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 활력징후와 혈액 검사 및 SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale), BARS(Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale), AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale)척도를 이용하였다. 결 과 : 105명중에서 85.7%인 90명이 8주간의 치료를 완료하였다. 평균 최빈 용량은 일일 16.1(±4.7)mg이었고, 종료시점에서의 BPRS전체 점수가 기저 상태에 비해 40%이상 감소된 반응군은 69.5%이었다. PANSS의 양성 증후군과 일반정신병리 뿐만 아니라 음성 증후군 소척도에서도 유의한 감소를 보였으며, 이 감소들은 치료 초기부터 나타나서 8주간 지속되었다. 43.8%의 피험자가 중등도 이상의 우울증상을 같이 지니고 있었으며, 올란자핀에 의해 MADRS와 HAM-A가 유의하게 감소하였다. 치료 기간 동안에 활력징후에는 뚜렷한 변화가 없었으나 체중은 8주간 지속적으로 증가하였다. SAS와 AIMS는 감소하였으며, 정좌불능증을 제외한 나머지 추체외로 증상의 발생비율도 낮았다. 임상적인 증상이나 징후를 동반하지 않는 ALT/SGPT의 상승을 보였지만 프로락틴을 포함하는 대부분의 혈액 검사상 뚜렷한 이상 변화는 없었다. 결 론 ; 비록 본 임상연구가 비대조 개방 임상연구로서 많은 제한점을 가지고 있지만, 올란자핀이 기존 약물에 내약성을 보이거나 기분증상을 동반하는 정신병에 치료 효과가 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물 치료시에 문제가 되었던 추체외로 증상과 고프르로락틴 혈증을 포함하는 대부분의 부작용면에서 안전성을 보여 주었다. Objective : This multicenter clinical trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy and the safety of olanzpine for the treatment of Korean patients. Mothod : 105 patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, visited at 10 mental or university hospitals, had received an open and non-comparative treatment with olanzapine for 8 weeks. Patients had psychotic or depressive symptoms with the severity above moderate degree or intolerable side effects to previous antipsychotics. After a wash-out period of 2-7 days, 10mg olanzapine was prescribed initially to all the patients, and then the dosage could be adjusted within the range of 5-20mg/day of olanzapine by 3-7 days. Results : 90(85.7%) of 105 patients completed the 8-weeks trial and the mean modal dose of olanzapine was 16.1(±4.7%)mg/day. At the end of the trial, 73 patients(69.5%) were classified as responder, which was defined as 40% or more improvement in BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) score comparing to baseline. There was a significant reduction in the scores of PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale)and subscales including negative symptom scores and CGI. Also weekly analysis showed that the reductions in scores were kept on for the whole period of the trial. 43.8% of all the patients had depressive symptoms at the baseline and total scores of MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) were also reduced after the trials. Vital signs revealed no clinically significant changes but continuous weight gain was observed during the treatment with olanzapine. The scores of SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale) and AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale) for assessing the EPS(extrapyramidal symptoms)and tardive dyskinesia respectively were significantly decreased and only a few patients reported EPS as adverse events. Although mild and clinically non-significant of ALT/SGPT was observed, most laboratory parameters including plasma prolactin level showed to significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : Although this trial had many limitations because it was a non-comparative and open study, olanzapine showed high efficacy on the positive, negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder.In addition to that, olanzapine showed a substantially favorable safety profile, such as low incidence of EPS and hyperprolactinemia.

Case Report : Arteriovenous Malformation Causing Ileocecal Variceal Bleeding in Liver Cirrhosis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

( Chul Min Park ),( Woon Geon Shin ),( Kyung Wook Hong ),( Ji Won Park ),( Jin Chul Jung ),( Mi Jung Kwon ),( Dae Young Yoon ),( Eun Sook Nam ),( Hak Yang Kim ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2008 Gut and Liver Vol.2 No.1

Varices that occur at sites other than the esophagogastric area are termed ectopic varices. An ileal varix is a very rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Although ileal varices are generally associated with prior intra-abdominal surgery and adhesions, an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the ileocecal area can cause ileal varices and bleeding in patients with portal hypertension who have not received previous intra-abdominal surgery, which is due to an intestinal or colonic AVM dilating the collateral veins and further aggravating portal hypertension. Surgical treatment should be considered in patients with massive ectopic variceal bleeding. We report a case of massive ileocecal variceal bleeding associated with an AVM that occurred in a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. (Gut and Liver 2008;2:54-59)

Breeding of High Quality and Productivity Mini Paprika ‘Raon’

Chul Geon An,Sun Young Lee,Bo Kyung Park,Hee Dae Kim,Kwang Pyo Hong 한국원예학회 2019 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2019 No.5

이식각도가 착색단고추 육묘시 소질에 미치는 영향

안철근(Chul-Geon An),황연현(Yeon-Hyen Hwang),강달순(Dal-Soon Kang),노치웅(Chi-Woong Ro),정병룡(Byung-Ryong Jeong),신원교(Won-Kyo Shin) 한국원예학회 2000 원예과학기술지 Vol.18 No.2