书院、祠祀、家族:历史视域中的张载文化 ― 以《(宣统)眉县志》、《(乾隆)凤翔府志》为中心的考察

张波 ( Zhang Bo ) 동양예학회 2020 東洋 禮學 Vol.43 No.-

<眉縣志>, <鳳翔府志> 등과 같은 陝西 지역의 地理志 중에서 書院, 祠廟, 家族 부분과 관련한 항목들이 張載(橫渠) 문화의 전파과정을 가장 잘 보여준다. 이러한 기록을 분석해 보면 元나라의 泰定, 淸나라의 乾隆 등의 시기에 축성된 橫渠書院의 구체적인 위치, 張橫渠의 옛집, 또는 眉縣의 縣 정부 소재지 등을 분명히 알 수 있지만, 이른바 세상사람들이 말하는 지금의 橫渠書院의 정확한 위치는 추정하기 힘들다. 眉縣과 鳳翔府 각지에 세워진 張子祠堂과 橫渠鎭에 있는 張載祠 또한 張載 당시 직접 강학하던 역사적인 장소 崇壽院이라 할 수 없다. 우리는 <張子傳錄>과 <張氏道統錄> 등의 기록들을 통해 張載 문화가 陝西 지역에 전파된 실제 상황을 밝히는 데에 도움 받을 수 있을 것이다. Academy, sacrifice and family were the main aspects of Zhang Zai in the Shaanxi chorography like Meixian Zhi and Fengxiangfu Zhi. According to these records, the location where Hengqu Academy was built during the Emperor Taiding of Yuan Dynasty and the Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty should have been Zhang Zai’s home or the seat of Meixian government instead of the present Hengqu Academy. The Zhangzi Temples in County Meixian and County Fengxiang and the Zhang Zai Temple in Hengqu also were not the Chongshou Yuan in history. Additionally, the research also can make up and clear the historical records of Zhang Zai

piRNA-1742 promotes renal cell carcinoma malignancy by regulating USP8 stability through binding to hnRNPU and thereby inhibiting MUC12 ubiquitination

Zhang Wentao,Zheng Zongtai,Wang Keyi,Mao Weipu,Li Xue,Wang Guangchun,Zhang Yuanyuan,Huang Jianhua,Zhang Ning,Wu Pengfei,Liu Ji,Zhang Haimin,Che Jianping,Peng Bo,Zheng Junhua,Li Wei,Yao Xudong 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Accumulating studies have confirmed that PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are considered epigenetic effectors in cancer. We performed piRNA microarray expression analysis on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor tissues and paired normal tissues and performed a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore piRNAs associated with RCC progression and investigate their functional mechanisms. We found that piR-1742 was highly expressed in RCC tumors and that patients with high piR-1742 expression had a poor prognosis. Inhibition of piR-1742 significantly reduced tumor growth in RCC xenograft and organoid models. Mechanistically, piRNA-1742 regulates the stability of USP8 mRNA by binding directly to hnRNPU, which acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme that inhibits the ubiquitination of MUC12 and promotes the development of malignant RCC. Subsequently, nanotherapeutic systems loaded with piRNA-1742 inhibitors were found to effectively inhibit the metastasis and growth of RCC in vivo. Therefore, this study highlights the functional importance of piRNA-related ubiquitination in RCC and demonstrates the development of a related nanotherapeutic system, possibly contributing to the development of therapeutic approaches for RCC.

Which Indicator Among Lumbar Vertebral Hounsfield Unit, Vertebral Bone Quality, or Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Measured Bone Mineral Density Is More Efficacious in Predicting Thoracolumbar Fragility Fractures?

Bo Zhang,Lu-Ping Zhou,Xian-Liang Zhang,Dui Li,Jia-Qi Wang,Chong-Yu Jia,Hua-Qing Zhang,Liang Kang,Ren-Jie Zhang,Cai-Liang Shen 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Hounsfield units (HU), vertebral bone quality (VBQ), and bone mineral density (BMD) can all serve as predictive indicators for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. This study aims to explore which indicator provides better risk prediction for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Methods: Patients who have received medical attention from The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for thoracolumbar fragility fractures were selected. A total of 78 patients with thoracolumbar fragility fractures were included in the study. To establish a control group, 78 patients with degenerative spinal diseases were matched to the fracture group on the basis of gender, age, and body mass index. The lumbar vertebral HU, the VBQ, and the BMD were obtained for all the 156 patients through computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The correlations among these parameters were analyzed. The area under curve (AUC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive efficacy and thresholds of lumbar vertebral HU, VBQ, and BMD in relation to the risk of thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Results: Among the cohort of 156 patients, lumbar vertebral HU exhibited a positive correlation with BMD (p < 0.01). Conversely, VBQ showed a negative correlation with HU, BMD (p < 0.05). HU and BMD displayed a favorable predictive efficacy for thoracolumbar fragility fractures (p < 0.01), with HU (AUC = 0.863) showcasing the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the DEXA-measured BMD (AUC = 0.813). VBQ (AUC = 0.602) ranked lowest among the 3 indicators. The thresholds for predicting thoracolumbar fragility fractures were as follows: HU (88),VBQ (3.37), and BMD (0.81). Conclusion: All 3 of these indicators, HU, VBQ, and BMD, can predict thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Notably, lumbar vertebral HU exhibits the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the BMD obtained through DEXA scanning, with VBQ demonstrating the lowest predictive efficacy.

Effect of proton irradiation on interfacial and electrical performance of N+Np+ InP/InGaAs hetero-junction

Zhang Chen,Su Yongbo,Mei Bo,Yang Feng,Zhang Jialin,Yun Huanqing,Liu Bo,Sun Yi,Zhang Haiming,Jin Zhi,Zhong Yinghui 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.48 No.-

InP-based hetero-junction bipolar transistors (HBTs) are attractive for various millimeter-wave and terahertz electronics due to their ultrahigh frequency performance. Therefore, the study of their irradiation reliability is extremely urgent. In this work, 2 MeV proton irradiation experiment has been carried out on self-fabricated N+Np+ InP/InGaAs hetero-junction. The degradation mechanisms have systematically been studied after exposure to protons of 5 × 1013 H+/cm2. The voltage range of recombination current at low forward bias has been largely expanded from 0-0.2 V to 0–0.6 V. Furthermore, the interface states properties have been characterized by utilizing the frequency-dependent conductance technique, the interface states density (Dit) has increased from approximately 9.02 × 1012 cm-2 eV-1–1.99 × 1013 cm-2 eV-1 to 9.51 × 1012 cm-2 eV-1–2.00 × 1013 cm-2 eV-1 after irradiation. The study would be great significance for understanding the evolution of proton irradiation on relative devices.

Terahertz Characteristics of Hydroxygraphene Based on Microfluidic Technology

Boyan Zhang,Siyu Qian,Bo Peng,Bo Su,Zhuang Peng,Hailin Cui,Shengbo Zhang,Cunlin Zhang 한국광학회 2023 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.4

Hydroxygraphene as a kind of functionalized graphene has important applications in composite, photoelectric and biological materials. In the present study, THz and microfluidic technologies were implemented to study the THz transmission characteristics of hydroxygraphene with different concentrations and residence times in magnetic and electric fields. The results show that the THz transmission intensity decreases with the increase in sample concentration and duration of an applied electric field, while it increases by staying longer in the magnetic field. The phenomenon is analyzed and explained in terms of hydrogen bond, conductivity and scattering characteristics. The results establish a foundation for future research on the THz absorption characteristics of liquid graphene based on microfluidic technology in different external environments. It also provides technical support for the application and development of graphene in THz devices.

「關學」、「關學史」正名

張波(Zhang Bo) 새한철학회 2017 哲學論叢 Vol.90 No.4

1949년 중화인민공화국 건국 이래, 중국철학자들은 “關學”과 “關學史”의 명칭을 두고 지나치게 세밀하게 분석했으며, 이로 인해 긍정적인 설명이나 부정적인 설명 모두 많은 오해를 불러 일으켰다. 이 논문은 “關學”과 관련된 역사자료를 통해 그 명칭의 근원적 의미를 검토해보려는 데에 목적이 있다. “關學”은 원래 “關中道學”을 가리키는 명칭이었는데, “濂洛關閩”의 “關”(張載의 학문을 일컬음) 또는 “關中理學”으로 지칭되기도 한다. “關學”을 지칭하는 여러 이름들 간의 차이점은 송나라 이후 관중지역 유학의 변화과정을 보여준다. 역대로 “關學史”는 “以地系人”과 “理學”의 원리에 기초를 두고 있다. 關學의 전통이 張載에게서 비롯된다는 사실은 분명하나, 이러한 학문적 전통이 언제까지 지속되었는지에 대해서는 다양한 견해가 존재한다. 종래 학계에서는 송나라 말기 張載의 弟子들을 關學派의 종결자로 보기도 하고,또는 청나라 초기 李二曲,청나라 말기 劉古愚,牛兆濂등을 관학파의 종결자로 주장하기도 한다. 그렇지만 관학의 전통은 송, 원, 명, 청, 민국시대를 거쳐 지속적으로 계승되며, 1949년 전후 李銘誠을 비롯한 같은 시대 관중 지역의 학자들에게까지 학문적 연속성이 지속되었다. Since 1949, Scholars usually overly analyzed Guan School and the history of Guan School and it caused some positive or negative explanations and even some misunderstanding to them. This paper is trying backing to the root by studying those historical materials related to Guan School:The Guan School originally indicated the Guanzhong Daoxue and then might indicate the Guan in the title of Lian-Luo-Guan-Min or the Guanzhong Confucianism. The differences between the name of Guan School showed the changes of Guanzhong Confucianism after Song Dynasty. The histories of Guan School was based on the principles of yi-di-xi-ren(以地系人) and Neo-Confucinism. This tradition started from Zhang Zai and was ended by Guanzhong scholars like Li Mingcheng and so on after 1949, instead of being ended by the students of Zhang Zai in the end of Song Dynasty or Li Erqu in the beginning of Qing Dynasty or Liu Guyu or Niu Zhaolian in the end of Qing Dynasty.

Fabrication of Photopolymer Hierarchical Micronanostructures by Coupling Electrospinning and Photolithography for SERS Substrates

Wen-Yi Zhang,Xin-Ze Xiao,Chao Lv,Jia Zhao,Gong Wang,Xuan Gu,Ran Zhang,Bin-Bin Xu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Ai-Wu Li,Yong-Lai Zhang,Hong-Bo Sun 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.3

Reported here is the fabrication of photopolymer hierarchical micronanostructures through a combinative process of electrospinning and subsequent photolithography. Electrospun SU-8 (epoxy-based negative photoresist)nanofiber films have been patterned into gratings with periods of 100, 200, 300, and 400 μm, respectively. Deposition of a silver nanolayer on these interlaced nanofiber films would lead to the formation of various plasmonic nanostructures,and therefore, giving rise to abundant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) “hot spots”. In the detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), probing molecule, the resultant SERS substrates show both high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The SERS enhancement factor could reach as high as ~108, indicating high efficiency. The fabrication of patterned, highly efficient SERS substrates may hold a great promise for the integration of SERS substrates in various microdevices such as microfluidic chips.

Effect of current stability on surface formation of GMAW-based multi-layer single-pass additive deposition

Bo Ma,Xiang-Dong Gao,Lin Wang,Yan-Xi Zhang,Nanfeng Zhang,Deyong You 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.6

During multi-layer single-pass additive manufacture based on gas metal arc welding, the formation of product surface is highly affected by the robot welding process status. The thermal history of the manufacturing process was recorded by a thermocouple, and the arc current was collected by a current sensor to investigate the relationship between arc current stability and manufacture workpiece surface formation. The empirical mode decomposition energy entropy of different Z as , which are related to the current stability and utilization of arc power, were calculated. The 3D geometric dimension information of the workpiece was scanned by a laser vision sensing system. Experimental results show the current signal of the arc can be used to assess process stability, current stability caused the temperature of the basement, and surface formation changed. The energy entropy of arc current increased with the increase of Z as . The unstable arc can take away much of the heat generated by the arc heat source leading to the increase of deposition height and side surface roughness.

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Attenuates Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibition of Edema Formation and Oxidative Stress

Bo Zhang,Bing Wang,Shuhua Cao,Yongqiang Wang 대한약리학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.6

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and long-term disability, which can decrease quality of life. In spite of numerous studies suggesting that Epigallocatechin-3- gallate (EGCG) has been used as a therapeutic agent for a broad range of disorders, the effect of EGCG on TBI remains unknown. In this study, a weight drop model was established to evaluate the therapeutic potential of EGCG on TBI. Rats were administered with 100 mg/kg EGCG or PBS intraperitoneally. At different times following trauma, rats were sacrificed for analysis. It was found that EGCG (100 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment significantly reduced brain water content and vascular permeability at 12, 24, 48, 72 hour after TBI. Real-time PCR results revealed that EGCG inhibited TBI-induced IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression. Importantly, CD68 mRNA expression decreasing in the brain suggested that EGCG inhibited microglia activation. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry results showed that administering of EGCG significantly inhibited the levels of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. TBI-induced oxidative stress was remarkably impaired by EGCG treatment, which elevated the activities of SOD and GSH-PX. Conversely, EGCG significantly reduced the contents of MDA after TBI. In addition, EGCG decreased TBI-induced NADPH oxidase activation through inhibition of p47phox translocation from cytoplasm to plasma membrane. These data demonstrate that EGCG treatment may be an effective therapeutic strategy for TBI and the underlying mechanism involves inhibition of oxidative stress.

The Distribution of Transcutaneous CO2 Emission and Correlation With the Points Along the Pericardium Meridian

Zhang Wei-Bo,Zhu Zong-Xiang,Xu Rui-Ming,Tian Yu-Ying 사단법인약침학회 2009 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.2 No.3

This study aimed to understand energy metabolism distribution along the pericardium meridian and verify the correlation between the body surface (points), and classic meridian theory. A highly sensitive CO2 instrument was used to measure the transcutaneous CO2 emission at 13 points along the pericardium meridian line (12 points on the line and one point beyond the line) and 13 control points beside them. Results showed that the distribution of transcutaneous CO2 emission is highly related to the position on the body. Transcutaneous CO2 emission is significantly higher at P7 and P3, than the control points beside them. The points along the meridian and the points beside them were clustered with relative distance by SAS statistics software. Two distance matrixes were then obtained. The correlation coefficients between the points along the line and between the control points were calculated. The results showed that the 13th point beyond the line was far from the 12 points on the line (distance, 0.24), while acupoints on the line clustered earlier when compared with the non-acupoints. The average correlation coefficients among the acupoints was 0.65 which was significantly higher than 0.56, among the non-acupoints. No such characteristics were found among the control points. It was concluded that there is a strong correlativity of energy metabolism activity between the body surfaces along the meridian, and an even stronger correlativity between the acupoints on the meridian. This study aimed to understand energy metabolism distribution along the pericardium meridian and verify the correlation between the body surface (points), and classic meridian theory. A highly sensitive CO2 instrument was used to measure the transcutaneous CO2 emission at 13 points along the pericardium meridian line (12 points on the line and one point beyond the line) and 13 control points beside them. Results showed that the distribution of transcutaneous CO2 emission is highly related to the position on the body. Transcutaneous CO2 emission is significantly higher at P7 and P3, than the control points beside them. The points along the meridian and the points beside them were clustered with relative distance by SAS statistics software. Two distance matrixes were then obtained. The correlation coefficients between the points along the line and between the control points were calculated. The results showed that the 13th point beyond the line was far from the 12 points on the line (distance, 0.24), while acupoints on the line clustered earlier when compared with the non-acupoints. The average correlation coefficients among the acupoints was 0.65 which was significantly higher than 0.56, among the non-acupoints. No such characteristics were found among the control points. It was concluded that there is a strong correlativity of energy metabolism activity between the body surfaces along the meridian, and an even stronger correlativity between the acupoints on the meridian.