Effects of essential oil coated with glycerol monolaurate on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and serum profiles in weaned piglets

Wang Yanan,Li Juntao,Wang Hua Kai,Mi Yihai,Xue Yongqiang,Li Jiaan,Ma Yongxi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.5

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of essential oil coated with glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and serum profiles of weaned piglets. Methods: A total of 144 weaned piglets (Duroc×[Landrace×Yorkshire], average weight 8.07±3.33 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups with six replicate pens and eight piglets per pen: i) CON: a corn-soybean basal diet; ii) LEG: with 1,000 mg/kg essential oil coated with GML; and iii) HEG: with 2,000 mg/kg essential oil coated with GML. Results: Results showed that average daily gain was increased (p<0.05) linearly by essential oil coated with GML supplementation on day 14 to 28 and day 0 to 28 compared with the CON group. Dietary supplementation with HEG increased (p<0.05) total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity on day 14, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM concentration on day 28 and tended to increase IgG on day 28. In addition, the crypt depth in the jejunum was reduced (p<0.05), and villus height and villus height/crypt depth in the ileum were increased (p<0.05) in the HEG group compared with the CON group. Moreover, lower (p<0.05) concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8, and IL-10 were observed in the jejunum of piglets supplemented with HEG compared with the CON group. In addition, dietary HEG tended to decrease IL-6 level in the jejunum of piglets compared with the CON group. Conclusion: Dietary essential oil coated with GML can improve growth performance of weaned piglets. Moreover, supplementing 2,000 mg/kg essential oil coated with GML was demonstrated to improve antioxidant ability, and intestinal morphology, and reduce jejunal inflammatory factor levels.

Electric Tree Characteristics of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Insulation Composites with Different Contents

Wang Yongqiang,Liu Han,Feng Changhui,Guan Jie,Geng Yicheng 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.10

Electric tree aging due to the action of long-term partial discharge stress of epoxy resin casting insulation is amajor problem in electrical engineering. On the discharge experimental platform, initiation and culture experiments of theelectric trees were carried out at a power frequency voltage of 20 kV. The mass fractions of the spherical glass fibers were 0,0.5, 1, 2 and 3 %. The results showed that the electrical dendritic process of epoxy resin experienced initiation, growth, lagand burst periods, the phase maps of the corresponding partial discharges in the four periods were all “mountain-like”. Theelectric tree of pure epoxy resin showed a typical dendritic structure, after the glass fiber was properly added, the electric treebecame lighter in color with a more complicated shape, the damage also became more serious, however, the growth of theelectric branch was suppressed. The electric tree aging channel of the epoxy resin appeared black and under microscopy themicro-branched channel wall appeared white. When the amount of glass fiber was 2 %, the initiation time of the electric treeswas prolonged, the growth rate of the electric trees decreased and suppressing development of the electric tree branches wasoptimal.

The Influence of Temperature and Aging on the Characteristic Parameters of Dielectric Spectroscopy of Epoxy Resin Impregnated Paper Insulation

Yongqiang Wang,Yu Luo,Changhui Feng 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.10

This study aimed to investigate the effects of temperature and aging on the characteristic parameters of dielectric spectra of epoxy resin impregnated paper insulation. A broadband dielectric spectra test platform was established and an equivalent physical model of the valve side dry-type bushing of the converter transformer was developed. Different degrees of thermal aging were performed at 130 °C for 0, 4, 8, 16, and 32 days. In addition, variation of the complex permittivity and dielectric loss factors of epoxy resin impregnated paper at different temperatures and different degrees of aging was revealed. The dielectric spectra test results were fitted using the Havriliak-Negami (HN) relaxation model. The characteristic parameters were extracted, and the influences of temperature and aging on the characteristic parameters of the HN model were analyzed. The results show that in the low frequency range, temperature and aging exert greater influences on the complex permittivity. In the high frequency range, temperature and aging have smaller effect. The relaxation time and temperature satisfy the relationship of the Arrhenius equation, and the relaxation strength increases exponentially with increasing temperature. The relaxation time τ, the relaxation intensity Δε, the shape parameter α, and the shape parameter β can characterize the aging degree of paper insulation. A linear relationship between relaxation and aging times, and an exponential relationship between relaxation intensity and aging time were revealed.

An Investigation of Surface Tracking Characteristics and Factors Influencing Epoxy Resin Pouring Insulation for Dry-type Reactors

Yongqiang Wang,Han Liu,Wenpeng Li,Renjie Ding 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.3

This study aimed to understand the deterioration mechanisms of epoxy resin pouring insulation for outdoor dry-type reactors under the effect of long-term surface tracking discharge. Epoxy resin insulation boards similar to the main insulation composition of the dry-type reactor were poured as the experimental material. A tracking experimental platform of insulation materials was built using an inclined plate method. The tracking discharge characteristics and surface erosion of the insulation materials were measured and analyzed. The characteristics of partial discharge, erosion, hydrophobicity and surface roughness were measured experimentally. Surface morphology, three-dimensional morphology and Fourier infrared images at different stages during erosion of the epoxy resin insulation material were analyzed. The effect of glass fiber content on the tracking resistance to erosion was characterized. The results show that the tracking process of epoxy resin insulation material experienced initiation, stability, development and outbreak periods. The flashover discharge corresponding to the development period was the main reason for the carbonization of the insulating material. During the tracking process, with a change in surface topography and formation of surface products, the surface roughness of the material generally increased along with the surface roughness which rose fastest during the discharge outbreak period. The changes in the surface morphology and three-dimensional morphology of the epoxy resin material constitute the basis for assessing the condition of the insulation surface and development of the erosion. The discharge capacity of epoxy resin generally shows an exponential increase. Adding 20 wt% of glass fibers that are evenly distributed and have reduced exposure can improve the tracking resistance of epoxy resin insulation materials.

Characteristics of selenium polysaccharide from sweet corncob and its effects on non‑enzymatic glycosylation in vivo

Wang Zhili,Wang Xin,Xiu Weiye,Ma Yongqiang 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.65 No.1

Selenium polysaccharide is an organic selenium compound, which has attracted much attention because of its unique biological properties. In the current study, a new selenium polysaccharide (Se-SCP) was synthesised, and its structure and effects on non-enzymatic glycosylation in vivo were studied. The molecular weight of Se-SCP was 9.02 g/mol, and its molecule was mainly composed of Man, Gal, GluA, Ara, Glu, Fuc, Rha, GalA, and Xyl. Selenium was present both as C–O–Se and Se=O. Compared with non-selenised sweet corncob polysaccharide (SCP) treatment, the blood glucose level in mice decreased considerably after Se-SCP treatment. Additionally, it improved oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and significantly reduced the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) (P < 0.05), compared with the model group. In addition, Se-SCP exhibited a positive effect on the morphology of the pancreas and liver. The current study elucidated the physiological and pharmacological effects of selenium polysaccharides and provided a basis for future studies on selenium polysaccharides.

Effects of a functional fatty acid blend on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and serum profiles in weaned piglets

Wang Huakai,Wang Yanan,Zhang Yu,Li Juntao,Mi Yihai,Xue Yongqiang,Li Jiaan,Ma Yongxi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.5

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with a functional fatty acid blend (FA) that contains 31.4% butyric acid and 4.99% mediumchain FA improve growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity status, and antiinflammatory ability in weaned piglets. Methods: One hundred and forty-four healthy piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) with an average body weight (BW) of 7.98±3.43 kg were randomly divided into three groups with six replicate pens and eight piglets per pen: Normal control (NC): a corn-soybean basal diet; FA1: a basal diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg of a functional FA; FA2: a basal diet supplemented with 2,000 mg/kg of a functional FA. The experiment lasted for 28 d. On d 14 and 28, one piglet in each pen from NC and FA2 groups was randomly selected for antioxidative index and immunoglobulins. On d 28, one piglet in each pen from NC and FA2 groups was randomly selected for intestinal morphology and inflammatory factor. Results: We observed that FA supplementation linearly increased (p<0.05) average daily gain and the final BW. There was higher (p<0.05) catalase on d 14, and immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgM on d 28 in piglets supplemented with FA2 than in the NC group. Moreover, dietary FA2 reduced (p<0.05) crypt depth of ileum in piglets. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and IL-10 in jejunum were lower (p<0.05) in the FA2 group compared with the NC group. Conclusion: Therefore, the overall results suggests that the FA may help to improve gut health, antioxidant status, and immune parameters resulting in the improvement of growth performance.

Study on Surface Characteristics of E-glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites in Different Stages of Tracking

Yongqiang Wang,Changhui Feng,Yu Luo,Ruoyu Fei 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.11

To study the variation of surface characteristics of glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite insulation materialsduring the development of tracking, this paper established an experimental platform for tracking under the inclined platemethod and prepared samples of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. In this paper, according to the experimental dischargephenomenon, discharge repetition rate phase diagram and corrosion degree of materials, the process of tracking was dividedinto four stages: initiation, stability, development and outbreak stages. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe thechange of micromorphology of samples in different stages of tracking. The content of elements in different stages of trackingwas determined by energy dispersive spectrometer. The surface characteristic functional groups in different stages of trackingwere measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that with the change of surface morphology andthe formation of surface products during tracking, the content of C element in the spherical region of the material decreasedfirst and then increased, and the content of O and Si increased first and then decreased. The epoxy group of the material wasgradually decomposed. Carbonyl group was generated on the surface of the material, and then decomposed during theoutbreak stages. In addition, the deterioration mechanism of thermal aging and tracking was quite different. Thermal agingprovided convenient routes for the electron injection into the material during tracking, thus reducing the tracking and erosionresistance of the material.

Peripheral nerve defects repaired with autogenous vein grafts flled with platelet-rich plasma and active nerve microtissues and evaluated by novel multimodal ultrasound techniques

Yaqiong Zhu,Nan Peng,Jing Wang,Zhuang Jin,Lianhua Zhu,Yu Wang,Siming Chen,Yongqiang Hu,Tieyuan Zhang,Qing Song,Fang Xie,Lin Yan,Yingying Li,Jing Xiao,Xinyang Li,Bo Jiang,Jiang Peng,Yuexiang Wang,Yukun 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Background: Developing biocompatible nerve conduits that accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration, lengthening and functional recovery remains a challenge. The combined application of nerve microtissues and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) provides abundant Schwann cells (SCs) and various natural growth factors and can compensate for the deficiency of SCs in the nerve bridge, as well as the limitations of applying a single type of growth factor. Multimodal ultrasound evaluation can provide additional information on the stiffness and microvascular flow perfusion of the tissue. This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of a novel tissue-engineered nerve graft composed of an autogenous vein, nerve microtissues and PRP in reconstructing a 12-mm tibial nerve defect and to explore the value of multimodal ultrasound techniques in evaluating the prognosis of nerve repair. Methods: In vitro, nerve microtissue activity was first investigated, and the effects on SC proliferation, migration, factor secretion, and axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were evaluated by coculture with nerve microtissues and PRP. In vivo, seventy-five rabbits were equally and randomly divided into Hollow, PRP, Micro-T (Microtissues), Micro-T + PRP and Autograft groups. By analysing the neurological function, electrophysiological recovery, and the comparative results of multimodal ultrasound and histological evaluation, we investigated the effect of these new nerve grafts in repairing tibial nerve defects. Results: Our results showed that the combined application of nerve microtissues and PRP could significantly promote the proliferation, secretion and migration of SCs and the regeneration of axons in the early stage. The Micro-T + PRP group and Autograft groups exhibited the best nerve repair 12 weeks postoperatively. In addition, the changes in target tissue stiffness and microvascular perfusion on multimodal ultrasound (shear wave elastography; contrast-enhanced ultrasonography; Angio PlaneWave UltrasenSitive, AngioPLUS) were significantly correlated with the histological results, such as collagen area percentage and VEGF expression, respectively. Conclusion: Our novel tissue-engineered nerve graft shows excellent efficacy in repairing 12-mm defects of the tibial nerve in rabbits. Moreover, multimodal ultrasound may provide a clinical reference for prognosis by quantitatively evaluating the stiffness and microvescular flow of nerve grafts and targeted muscles

In vivo and in vitro evaluation of stability and antioxidant activity of lycopene-nanostructured lipid carriers

Yongqiang Ma,Chenchen Li,Weiye Xiu,Xin Wang 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.6

This study evaluates the stability of lycopene in the presence of the prepared nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) under different environments and food systems and the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of the lycopene nanostructured lipid carriers (Lyco-NLCs) was studied. As observed in the stability experiment, Lyco-NLCs have good storage stability within 30 days. Food additives have little effect on its stability except for metal ions. Compared with free lycopene, Lyco-NLCs showed an improved antioxidant property. In in-vitro experiments, the DPPH radical scavenging rate, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing capacity of Lyco-NLCs increased by 90.47%, 47.43%, and 45.12%, respectively. The animal experiments showed that the activities of catalase in the kidney, superoxide dismutase in the heart, and glutathione peroxidase in the liver increased by 31.48%, 42.50%, and 21.47%, respectively. The content of malondialdehyde in serum decreased by 14.13%. The results have some significance for the practical application of lycopene.

Expeditus: Congestion-Aware Load Balancing in Clos Data Center Networks

Wang, Peng,Xu, Hong,Niu, Zhixiong,Han, Dongsu,Xiong, Yongqiang IEEE 2017 IEEE/ACM transactions on networking Vol.25 No.5

<P>Data center networks often use multi-rooted Clos topologies to provide a large number of equal cost paths between two hosts. Thus, load balancing traffic among the paths is important for high performance and low latency. However, it is well known that ECMP-the de facto load balancing scheme-performs poorly in data center networks. The main culprit of ECMP's problems is its congestion agnostic nature, which fundamentally limits its ability to deal with network dynamics. We propose Expeditus, a novel distributed congestion-aware load balancing protocol for general 3-tier Clos networks. The complex 3-tier Clos topologies present significant scalability challenges that make a simple per-path feedback approach infeasible. Expeditus addresses the challenges by using simple local information collection, where a switch only monitors its egress and ingress link loads. It further employs a novel two-stage path selection mechanism to aggregate relevant information across switches and make path selection decisions. Testbed evaluation on Emulab and large-scale ns-3 simulations demonstrate that, Expeditus outperforms ECMP by up to 45% in tail flow completion times (FCT) for mice flows, and by up to 38% in mean FCT for elephant flows in 3-tier Clos networks.</P>