书院、祠祀、家族:历史视域中的张载文化 ― 以《(宣统)眉县志》、《(乾隆)凤翔府志》为中心的考察

张波 ( Zhang Bo ) 동양예학회 2020 東洋 禮學 Vol.43 No.-

<眉縣志>, <鳳翔府志> 등과 같은 陝西 지역의 地理志 중에서 書院, 祠廟, 家族 부분과 관련한 항목들이 張載(橫渠) 문화의 전파과정을 가장 잘 보여준다. 이러한 기록을 분석해 보면 元나라의 泰定, 淸나라의 乾隆 등의 시기에 축성된 橫渠書院의 구체적인 위치, 張橫渠의 옛집, 또는 眉縣의 縣 정부 소재지 등을 분명히 알 수 있지만, 이른바 세상사람들이 말하는 지금의 橫渠書院의 정확한 위치는 추정하기 힘들다. 眉縣과 鳳翔府 각지에 세워진 張子祠堂과 橫渠鎭에 있는 張載祠 또한 張載 당시 직접 강학하던 역사적인 장소 崇壽院이라 할 수 없다. 우리는 <張子傳錄>과 <張氏道統錄> 등의 기록들을 통해 張載 문화가 陝西 지역에 전파된 실제 상황을 밝히는 데에 도움 받을 수 있을 것이다. Academy, sacrifice and family were the main aspects of Zhang Zai in the Shaanxi chorography like Meixian Zhi and Fengxiangfu Zhi. According to these records, the location where Hengqu Academy was built during the Emperor Taiding of Yuan Dynasty and the Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty should have been Zhang Zai’s home or the seat of Meixian government instead of the present Hengqu Academy. The Zhangzi Temples in County Meixian and County Fengxiang and the Zhang Zai Temple in Hengqu also were not the Chongshou Yuan in history. Additionally, the research also can make up and clear the historical records of Zhang Zai

piRNA-1742 promotes renal cell carcinoma malignancy by regulating USP8 stability through binding to hnRNPU and thereby inhibiting MUC12 ubiquitination

Zhang Wentao,Zheng Zongtai,Wang Keyi,Mao Weipu,Li Xue,Wang Guangchun,Zhang Yuanyuan,Huang Jianhua,Zhang Ning,Wu Pengfei,Liu Ji,Zhang Haimin,Che Jianping,Peng Bo,Zheng Junhua,Li Wei,Yao Xudong 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Accumulating studies have confirmed that PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are considered epigenetic effectors in cancer. We performed piRNA microarray expression analysis on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor tissues and paired normal tissues and performed a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore piRNAs associated with RCC progression and investigate their functional mechanisms. We found that piR-1742 was highly expressed in RCC tumors and that patients with high piR-1742 expression had a poor prognosis. Inhibition of piR-1742 significantly reduced tumor growth in RCC xenograft and organoid models. Mechanistically, piRNA-1742 regulates the stability of USP8 mRNA by binding directly to hnRNPU, which acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme that inhibits the ubiquitination of MUC12 and promotes the development of malignant RCC. Subsequently, nanotherapeutic systems loaded with piRNA-1742 inhibitors were found to effectively inhibit the metastasis and growth of RCC in vivo. Therefore, this study highlights the functional importance of piRNA-related ubiquitination in RCC and demonstrates the development of a related nanotherapeutic system, possibly contributing to the development of therapeutic approaches for RCC.

Which Indicator Among Lumbar Vertebral Hounsfield Unit, Vertebral Bone Quality, or Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Measured Bone Mineral Density Is More Efficacious in Predicting Thoracolumbar Fragility Fractures?

Bo Zhang,Lu-Ping Zhou,Xian-Liang Zhang,Dui Li,Jia-Qi Wang,Chong-Yu Jia,Hua-Qing Zhang,Liang Kang,Ren-Jie Zhang,Cai-Liang Shen 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Hounsfield units (HU), vertebral bone quality (VBQ), and bone mineral density (BMD) can all serve as predictive indicators for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. This study aims to explore which indicator provides better risk prediction for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Methods: Patients who have received medical attention from The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for thoracolumbar fragility fractures were selected. A total of 78 patients with thoracolumbar fragility fractures were included in the study. To establish a control group, 78 patients with degenerative spinal diseases were matched to the fracture group on the basis of gender, age, and body mass index. The lumbar vertebral HU, the VBQ, and the BMD were obtained for all the 156 patients through computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The correlations among these parameters were analyzed. The area under curve (AUC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive efficacy and thresholds of lumbar vertebral HU, VBQ, and BMD in relation to the risk of thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Results: Among the cohort of 156 patients, lumbar vertebral HU exhibited a positive correlation with BMD (p < 0.01). Conversely, VBQ showed a negative correlation with HU, BMD (p < 0.05). HU and BMD displayed a favorable predictive efficacy for thoracolumbar fragility fractures (p < 0.01), with HU (AUC = 0.863) showcasing the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the DEXA-measured BMD (AUC = 0.813). VBQ (AUC = 0.602) ranked lowest among the 3 indicators. The thresholds for predicting thoracolumbar fragility fractures were as follows: HU (88),VBQ (3.37), and BMD (0.81). Conclusion: All 3 of these indicators, HU, VBQ, and BMD, can predict thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Notably, lumbar vertebral HU exhibits the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the BMD obtained through DEXA scanning, with VBQ demonstrating the lowest predictive efficacy.

Effect of proton irradiation on interfacial and electrical performance of N+Np+ InP/InGaAs hetero-junction

Zhang Chen,Su Yongbo,Mei Bo,Yang Feng,Zhang Jialin,Yun Huanqing,Liu Bo,Sun Yi,Zhang Haiming,Jin Zhi,Zhong Yinghui 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.48 No.-

InP-based hetero-junction bipolar transistors (HBTs) are attractive for various millimeter-wave and terahertz electronics due to their ultrahigh frequency performance. Therefore, the study of their irradiation reliability is extremely urgent. In this work, 2 MeV proton irradiation experiment has been carried out on self-fabricated N+Np+ InP/InGaAs hetero-junction. The degradation mechanisms have systematically been studied after exposure to protons of 5 × 1013 H+/cm2. The voltage range of recombination current at low forward bias has been largely expanded from 0-0.2 V to 0–0.6 V. Furthermore, the interface states properties have been characterized by utilizing the frequency-dependent conductance technique, the interface states density (Dit) has increased from approximately 9.02 × 1012 cm-2 eV-1–1.99 × 1013 cm-2 eV-1 to 9.51 × 1012 cm-2 eV-1–2.00 × 1013 cm-2 eV-1 after irradiation. The study would be great significance for understanding the evolution of proton irradiation on relative devices.

Terahertz Characteristics of Hydroxygraphene Based on Microfluidic Technology

Boyan Zhang,Siyu Qian,Bo Peng,Bo Su,Zhuang Peng,Hailin Cui,Shengbo Zhang,Cunlin Zhang 한국광학회 2023 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.4

Hydroxygraphene as a kind of functionalized graphene has important applications in composite, photoelectric and biological materials. In the present study, THz and microfluidic technologies were implemented to study the THz transmission characteristics of hydroxygraphene with different concentrations and residence times in magnetic and electric fields. The results show that the THz transmission intensity decreases with the increase in sample concentration and duration of an applied electric field, while it increases by staying longer in the magnetic field. The phenomenon is analyzed and explained in terms of hydrogen bond, conductivity and scattering characteristics. The results establish a foundation for future research on the THz absorption characteristics of liquid graphene based on microfluidic technology in different external environments. It also provides technical support for the application and development of graphene in THz devices.

「關學」、「關學史」正名

張波(Zhang Bo) 새한철학회 2017 哲學論叢 Vol.90 No.4

1949년 중화인민공화국 건국 이래, 중국철학자들은 “關學”과 “關學史”의 명칭을 두고 지나치게 세밀하게 분석했으며, 이로 인해 긍정적인 설명이나 부정적인 설명 모두 많은 오해를 불러 일으켰다. 이 논문은 “關學”과 관련된 역사자료를 통해 그 명칭의 근원적 의미를 검토해보려는 데에 목적이 있다. “關學”은 원래 “關中道學”을 가리키는 명칭이었는데, “濂洛關閩”의 “關”(張載의 학문을 일컬음) 또는 “關中理學”으로 지칭되기도 한다. “關學”을 지칭하는 여러 이름들 간의 차이점은 송나라 이후 관중지역 유학의 변화과정을 보여준다. 역대로 “關學史”는 “以地系人”과 “理學”의 원리에 기초를 두고 있다. 關學의 전통이 張載에게서 비롯된다는 사실은 분명하나, 이러한 학문적 전통이 언제까지 지속되었는지에 대해서는 다양한 견해가 존재한다. 종래 학계에서는 송나라 말기 張載의 弟子들을 關學派의 종결자로 보기도 하고,또는 청나라 초기 李二曲,청나라 말기 劉古愚,牛兆濂등을 관학파의 종결자로 주장하기도 한다. 그렇지만 관학의 전통은 송, 원, 명, 청, 민국시대를 거쳐 지속적으로 계승되며, 1949년 전후 李銘誠을 비롯한 같은 시대 관중 지역의 학자들에게까지 학문적 연속성이 지속되었다. Since 1949, Scholars usually overly analyzed Guan School and the history of Guan School and it caused some positive or negative explanations and even some misunderstanding to them. This paper is trying backing to the root by studying those historical materials related to Guan School:The Guan School originally indicated the Guanzhong Daoxue and then might indicate the Guan in the title of Lian-Luo-Guan-Min or the Guanzhong Confucianism. The differences between the name of Guan School showed the changes of Guanzhong Confucianism after Song Dynasty. The histories of Guan School was based on the principles of yi-di-xi-ren(以地系人) and Neo-Confucinism. This tradition started from Zhang Zai and was ended by Guanzhong scholars like Li Mingcheng and so on after 1949, instead of being ended by the students of Zhang Zai in the end of Song Dynasty or Li Erqu in the beginning of Qing Dynasty or Liu Guyu or Niu Zhaolian in the end of Qing Dynasty.

Fabrication of Photopolymer Hierarchical Micronanostructures by Coupling Electrospinning and Photolithography for SERS Substrates

Wen-Yi Zhang,Xin-Ze Xiao,Chao Lv,Jia Zhao,Gong Wang,Xuan Gu,Ran Zhang,Bin-Bin Xu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Ai-Wu Li,Yong-Lai Zhang,Hong-Bo Sun 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.3

Reported here is the fabrication of photopolymer hierarchical micronanostructures through a combinative process of electrospinning and subsequent photolithography. Electrospun SU-8 (epoxy-based negative photoresist)nanofiber films have been patterned into gratings with periods of 100, 200, 300, and 400 μm, respectively. Deposition of a silver nanolayer on these interlaced nanofiber films would lead to the formation of various plasmonic nanostructures,and therefore, giving rise to abundant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) “hot spots”. In the detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), probing molecule, the resultant SERS substrates show both high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The SERS enhancement factor could reach as high as ~108, indicating high efficiency. The fabrication of patterned, highly efficient SERS substrates may hold a great promise for the integration of SERS substrates in various microdevices such as microfluidic chips.

The Modulating Effect of β-1, 3/1, 6-glucan Supplementation in the Diet on Performance and Immunological Responses of Broiler Chickens

Zhang, Bo,Guo, Yuming,Wang, Zhong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.2

The object of this trial was to investigate the effect of dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation on the performance and immunological response of broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty 1-day old male broilers ($39{\pm}1g$) were separated into six treatments which were given six different feeds containing 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg/kg dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation. On days 21 and 42, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversation rate were recorded as measures of growth performance. The levels of key cytokines in the immuno-regulating pathway: interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon $\gamma$(IFN-$\gamma$, tumor necrosis factor $\alpha$(TNF-$\alpha$, and the concentrations of signal molecules: peripheral blood plasma globulin, serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and intestinal secretary Immunoglobulin A (sIgA), were measured as indices of the immune response to determine suitable levels of dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation. The results indicated that performance was elevated quadratically with dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation. Maximal growth performance and an enhanced immunological response were obtained at a supplemented level of 50 mg/kg.

Research on stochastic stability and stochastic bifurcation of suspended wheelset

Bo Zhang,Jing Zeng,Weiwei Liu 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.8

We studied the stochastic stability and bifurcation behavior for a suspended wheelset system in the presence of a Gauss white noisestochastic parametric excitation. First, the global stochastic stability was researched by judging the modality of the singular boundary. Then, the diffusion exponent, drift exponent and character value of the two boundaries were calculated. After getting the maximal Lyapunovexponent, the condition of D-bifurcation was obtained. By analyzing the shape and peaks of the stationary probability densityfunction, the condition of stochastic P-bifurcation was also obtained. Finally, the numerical verification and the comparison betweendeterministic bifurcation and P-bifurcation were performed. The results show that the random excitation shifts the critical velocity to alower value, and the stochastic system becomes more sensitive and more unstable. The stochastic parametric excitation can destroy theorigin subcritical Hopf bifurcation in the deterministic system.

Influence of pore structure of granular activated carbon prepared from anthracite on the adsorption of CO2, CH4 and N2

Bo Zhang,Zhuoran Huang,Ping Liu,Jin Liu,Min Gu 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.3

A series of granular activated carbon (GAC) samples with similar surface chemical properties but different pore structures were prepared from anthracite. The maximum adsorption capacities of the prepared CO2, CH4, and N2 at 298 K and 2.0MPa were 4.27mmol/g, 2.54mmol/g, and 1.46mmol/g, respectively, and the adsorption selectivity parameters, i.e., CH4,N2 and CO2,CH4, were 3.23 and 3.06, respectively. By using the GAC with the optimum pore size as adsorbent, the concentration of methane in the nitrogen-methane (CH4/N2) mixture was concentrated from 30% to 63.5% via a single-column single-cycle pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process. The pore size distribution of the GAC samples was dominated by micropores, with specific surface area in the range of 330-500m2/g and micropore volume in the range of 0.12-0.19 cm3/g. Although the specific surface area and pore volume of micropores played an important role in the separation performance, the pore size distribution was found to be the decisive factor. In particular, the micropores with sizes in the range of 5.0-10.0 Å were the main factor affecting the concentrating effect of CH4 or CO2 by GAC.