Harmonic decomposition of two particle angular correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at s_NN=2.76 TeV

ALICE Collaboration,Aamodt, K.,Abelev, B.,Abrahantes Quintana, A.,Adamova, D.,Adare, A.M.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agocs, A.G.,Agostinelli, A.,Aguilar Salazar, S.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmad North-Holland Pub. Co 2012 Physics letters: B Vol.708 No.3

Angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger (t) and associated (a) particles are measured by the ALICE experiment in Pb-Pb collisions at s<SUB>NN</SUB>=2.76 TeV for transverse momenta 0.25<p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t,a</SUP><15 GeV/c, where p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t</SUP>>p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP>. The shapes of the pair correlation distributions are studied in a variety of collision centrality classes between 0 and 50% of the total hadronic cross section for particles in the pseudorapidity interval |η|<1.0. Distributions in relative azimuth Δφ=φ<SUP>t</SUP>-φ<SUP>a</SUP> are analyzed for |Δη|=|η<SUP>t</SUP>-η<SUP>a</SUP>|>0.8, and are referred to as ''long-range correlations''. Fourier components V<SUB>nΔ</SUB>≤cos(nΔφ)> are extracted from the long-range azimuthal correlation functions. If particle pairs are correlated to one another through their individual correlation to a common symmetry plane, then the pair anisotropy V<SUB>nΔ</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t</SUP>,p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP>) is fully described in terms of single-particle anisotropies v<SUB>n</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB>) as V<SUB>nΔ</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t</SUP>,p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP>)=v<SUB>n</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t</SUP>)v<SUB>n</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP>). This expectation is tested for 1≤n≤5 by applying a global fit of all V<SUB>nΔ</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t</SUP>,p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP>) to obtain the best values v<SUB>n</SUB>{GF}(p<SUB>T</SUB>). It is found that for 2≤n≤5, the fit agrees well with data up to p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP>~3-4 GeV/c, with a trend of increasing deviation as p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>t</SUP> and p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP> are increased or as collisions become more peripheral. This suggests that no pair correlation harmonic can be described over the full 0.25<p<SUB>T</SUB><15 GeV/c range using a single v<SUB>n</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB>) curve; such a description is however approximately possible for 2≤n≤5 when p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP><4 GeV/c. For the n=1 harmonic, however, a single v<SUB>1</SUB>(p<SUB>T</SUB>) curve is not obtained even within the reduced range p<SUB>T</SUB><SUP>a</SUP><4 GeV/c.

New ursane triterpenoids from Ficus pandurata and their binding affinity for human cannabinoid and opioid receptors

Amgad I. M. Khedr,Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim,Gamal A. Mohamed,Hany E. A. Ahmed,Amany S. Ahmad,Mahmoud A. Ramadan,Atef E. Abd El-Baky,Koji Yamada,Samir A. Ross 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.7

Phytochemical investigation of Ficus pandurataHance (Moraceae) fruits has led to the isolation of two newtriterpenoids, ficupanduratin A [1b-hydroxy-3b-acetoxy-11a-methoxy-urs-12-ene] (11) and ficupanduratin B [21ahydroxy-3b-acetoxy-11a-methoxy-urs-12-ene] (17), alongwith 20 known compounds: a-amyrin acetate (1), a-amyrin(2), 3b-acetoxy-20-taraxasten-22-one (3), 3b-acetoxy-11amethoxy-olean-12-ene (4), 3b-acetoxy-11a-methoxy-12-ursene (5), 11-oxo-a-amyrin acetate (6), 11-oxo-b-amyrinacetate (7), palmitic acid (8), stigmast-4,22-diene-3,6-dione(9), stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (10), stigmasterol (12), b-sitosterol(13), stigmast-22-ene-3,6-dione (14), stigmastane-3,6-dione (15), 3b,21b-dihydroxy-11a-methoxy-olean-12-ene (16), 3b-hydroxy-11a-methoxyurs-12-ene (18), 6-hydroxystigmast-4,22-diene-3-one (19), 6-hydroxystigmast-4-ene-3-one (20), 11a,21a-dihydroxy-3b-acetoxy-urs-12-ene(21), and b-sitosterol-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (22). Compound21 is reported for the first time from a natural source. The structures of the 20 compounds were elucidated on thebasis of IR, 1D (1H and 13C), 2D (1H–1H COSY, HSQC,HMBC and NOESY) NMR and MS spectroscopic data, inaddition to comparison with literature data. The isolatedcompounds were evaluated for their anti-microbial, antimalarial,anti-leishmanial, and cytotoxic activities. In addition,their radioligand displacement affinity on opioid andcannabinoid receptors was assessed. Compounds 4, 11, and15 exhibited good affinity towards the CB2 receptor, withdisplacement values of 69.7, 62.5 and 86.5 %, respectively. Furthermore, the binding mode of the active compounds inthe active site of the CB2 cannabinoid receptors was investigatedthrough molecular modelling.

Substrate effects on the microstructure of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films

I. Ahmad,S.S. Roy,Md.A. Rahman,T.I.T. Okpalugo,P.D. Maguire,J.A. McLaughlin 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.5

In this work, plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition was used to prepare hydrogenated amorphous carbon films (a-C:H) on different substrates over a wide range of thickness. In order to observe clear substrate effect the films were produced under identical growth conditions. Raman and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopies were employed to probe the chemical bonding of the films. For the films deposited on silicon substrates, the Raman ID/IG ratio and G-peak positions were constant for most thickness. For metallic and polymeric substrates, these parameters increased with film thickness, suggesting a change from a sp3-bonded hydrogenated structure to a more sp2 network, NEXAFS results also indicate a higher sp2 content of a-C:H films grown on metals than silicon. The metals, which are poor carbide precursors, gave carbon films with low adhesion, easily delaminated from the substrate. The delamination can be decreased/eliminated by deposition of a thin ( ~10 nm) silicon layer on stainless steel substrates prior to a-C:H coatings. Additionally we noted the electrical resistivity decreased with thickness and higher dielectric breakdown strength for a-C:H on silicon substrate.

Fatigue crack effect on magnetic flux leakage for A283 grade C steel

M.I.M. Ahmad,A. Arifin,S. ABDULLAH,W.Z.W. Jusoh,S.S.K. Singh 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.19 No.6

This paper presents the characterization of fatigue crack in the A283 Grade C steel using the MMM method by identifying the effects of magnetic flux leakage towards the crack growth rate, da/dN, and crack length.The previous and current research on the relation between MMM parameters and fatigue crack effect is still unclear and requires specific analysis to validate that. This method is considered to be a passive magnetic method among other Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods. The tension-tension fatigue test was conducted with a testing frequency of 10 Hz with 4 kN loaded, meanwhile the MMM response signals were captured using a MMM instrument. A correlation between the crack growth rate and magnetic flux leakage produces a sigmoid shape curve with a constant values which present the gradient, m value is in the ranges of 1.4357 to 4.0506, and the y-intercept, log C in the ranges of 4×10<SUP>-7</SUP> to 0.0303. Moreover, a linear relation was obtained between the crack length and magnetic flux leakage which present the R-Squared values is at 0.830 to 0.978. Therefore, MMM method has their own capability to investigate and characterize the fatigue crack effects as a main source of fracture mechanism for ferrous-based materials.

Allelic variance among ABO blood group genotypes in a population from the western region of Saudi Arabia

Abdularahman B.O. Mohamed,Salwa Ibrahim Hindawi,Sameer Al-harthi,Qamre Alam,Mohammad Zubair Alam,Absarul Haque,Waseem Ahmad,Ghazi A Damanhouri 대한혈액학회 2016 Blood Research Vol.51 No.4

BackgroundCharacterization of the ABO blood group at the phenotype and genotype levels is clinically essential for transfusion, forensics, and population studies. This study elucidated ABO phenotypes and genotypes, and performed an evaluation of their distribution in in-dividuals from the western region of Saudi Arabia.MethodsOne-hundred and seven samples underwent standard serological techniques for ABO blood group phenotype analysis. ABO alleles and genotypes were identified using multi-plex polymerase chain reaction, and electrophoretic analysis was performed to evaluate the highly polymorphic ABO locus.ResultsA phenotype distribution of 37.4%, 30.8%, 24.3%, and 7.5% was found for blood groups O, A, B, and AB respectively in our study cohort. Genotype analysis identified 10 genotype combinations with the O01/O02 and A102/O02 genotypes being the most frequent with frequencies of 33.6% and 14.95%, respectively. Common genotypes such as A101/A101, A101/A102, A101/B101, B101/B101, and O01/O01 were not detected. Similarly, the rare genotypes, cis-AB01/O02, cis-AB01/O01, and cis-AB01/A102 were not found in our cohort. The most frequently observed allele was O02 (35.98%) followed by the A102 allele (17.76%). Furthermore, our findings are discussed in reference to ABO allele and geno-type frequencies found in other ethnic groups.ConclusionThe study has a significant implication on the management of blood bank and transfusion services in Saudi Arabian patients.

Fragmentation Behavior Studies of Chalcones Employing Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART)

( A. F. M. Motiur Rahman ),( Mohamed W. Attwa ),( Pervez Ahmad ),( Mohammad Baseeruddin ),( Adnan A. Kadi ) 한국질량분석학회 2013 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.4 No.2

Chalcones are naturally occurring, biologically active molecules generating interest from a wide range of research applications including synthetic methodology development, biological activity investigation and studying fragmentation patterns. In this article, a series of chalcones has been synthesized and their fragmentation behavior was studied using modern ambient ionization technique Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART). DART ion source connected with an ion trap mass spectrometer was used for the fragmentation of various substituted chalcones. The chalcones were introduced to the DART source using a glass capillary without sample preparation step. All the chalcones showed prominent molecular ion peaks [M].+ corresponding to the structures. Multistage mass spectral data MSn (MS2 and MS3) were collected for all the chalcones studied. The chalcones with substitutions at 3, 4 or 5 positions gave product ion peaks with the loss of a phenyl radical (Ph.) by radical initiated α-cleavage, while substitution at 2 position of chalcone in the A-ring gave a product ion peak with the loss of substituted styryl radical (PhCH = CH.). In case of the chalcones with the substituent at 4 positions in A and B rings gave both types of fragmentation patterns. In conclusion, chalcones can be easily characterized using modern DART interface in very short time and efficiently without any cumbersome sample pretreatment.

Fragmentation Behavior Studies of Chalcones Employing Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART)

Motiur Rahman, A.F.M.,Attwa, Mohamed W.,Ahmad, Pervez,Baseeruddin, Mohammad,Kadi, Adnan A. Korean Society for Mass Spectrometry 2013 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.4 No.2

Chalcones are naturally occurring, biologically active molecules generating interest from a wide range of research applications including synthetic methodology development, biological activity investigation and studying fragmentation patterns. In this article, a series of chalcones has been synthesized and their fragmentation behavior was studied using modern ambient ionization technique Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART). DART ion source connected with an ion trap mass spectrometer was used for the fragmentation of various substituted chalcones. The chalcones were introduced to the DART source using a glass capillary without sample preparation step. All the chalcones showed prominent molecular ion peaks $[M]^{{\cdot}+}$ corresponding to the structures. Multistage mass spectral data $MS^n$ ($MS^2$ and $MS^3$) were collected for all the chalcones studied. The chalcones with substitutions at 3, 4 or 5 positions gave product ion peaks with the loss of a phenyl radical ($Ph^{\cdot}$) by radical initiated ${\alpha}$-cleavage, while substitution at 2 position of chalcone in the A-ring gave a product ion peak with the loss of substituted styryl radical (PhCH = $CH^{\cdot}$). In case of the chalcones with the substituent at 4 positions in A and B rings gave both types of fragmentation patterns. In conclusion, chalcones can be easily characterized using modern DART interface in very short time and efficiently without any cumbersome sample pretreatment.

Lack of Association of a Common Polymorphism in the 3'-UTR of Interleukin 8 with Non Small Cell Lung Cancer in Kashmir

Bhat, Imtiyaz Ahmad,Pandith, Arshid A.,Bhat, Bashir A.,Naykoo, Niyaz A.,Qasim, Iqbal,Rasool, Roohi,Aziz, Sheik Aejaz,Shah, Zafar Amin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Background: Chronic inflammation is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The presence of inflammatory cells and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment and their surrounding tissues is gaining much importance in research. Materials and Methods: One hundred ninety NSCLC cases and 200 age, smoking and sex matched controls were evaluated for association of IL-8 -251 (rs4073) and IL-8 -845 (rs2227532) in our population. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used followed by direct sequencing for the detection of SNPs. Results: The IL-8 -845 polymorphism was not found in our population. No significant association was observed between the IL-8 -251 AT genotypes and IL-8 -25 AA genotypes and NSCLC (p=0.05) in our population. The IL-8 -251 A allele was also non-significant (p=0.05) in NSCLC patients. Conclusions: In conclusion, this report reveals lack of association between IL-8 - 251 A/T polymorphism and NSCLC in our Kashmir Valley population.

New constituents triterpene ester and sugar derivatives from Panax ginseng Meyer and their evaluation of antioxidant activities

Chung, I.M.,Siddiqui, N.A.,Kim, S.H.,Nagella, P.,Khan, A.A.,Ali, M.,Ahmad, A. Saudi Pharmaceutical Society 2017 Saudi pharmaceutical journal Vol.25 No.5

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae), is a well-known herb and used in the old established system of Oriental remedy, especially in Japan, China and Korea. Four new compounds characterized as (cis)- 7β,11α,19,21-tetra-O-decanoyl-18, 22β-dihydroxy-dammar-1-en-3-one (1), 3β,4α,12β-trihydroxystigmast-5-en-21-yl octadecan-9',12'-dienoate (2), dammar-12, 24-dien-3α, 6β, 15α-triol-3α-D-arabinopyranosyl-6β-L-arabinopyranoside (3) and dammar-24-en-3α, 6β, 16α, 20β-tetraol-3α-D-arabinopyranosyl-6β-D-arabinopyranoside (4) were isolated and established from the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of the roots of P. ginseng. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral data and chemical reactions. Natural compounds indicative a great reservoir of materials and compounds with evolved biological activity, including antioxidant. Compounds 1-4 were investigated in vitro for antioxidant potential using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, reducing power, phosphomolybdenum and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging actions, and the decision showed the compounds 3and 4 have probablyessential antioxidant properties than the compounds 1and 2 presented weak activity.

Diversity of pollinators and their role in the pollination biology of chickpea, Cicer arietinum L. (Fabaceae)

Abdul Latif,Saeed Ahmad Malik,Shafqat Saeed,Naeem Iqbal,Qamar Saeed,Khalid Ali Khan,Chen Ting,Hamed A. Ghramh 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.2

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important source of food for people worldwide. In the current study, we studied its pollination biology with special reference to floral visitors along with their visitation rate, frequency and pollen load during 2012 and 2013. We also explored the effect of floral visitors on the capsule weight, seed weight, seed numbers and seed germination. Results revealed three bees, two wasps, five flies, one moth and three butterfly species on the flowers of chickpea. Apis dorsata, A. florea, Amegilla sp. and Eristalinus aeneus were the major species with 434–474, 223–311, 69–74 and 81–136 individuals, respectively in both years. Floral visitors differed significantly in term of visitation frequency with A. florea as the most frequent visitor (9.13–9.86 visits/flower/5 min) followed by E. aeneus (5.43–5.58 visits/flower/5 min) and A. dorsata (1.72–2.31 visits/ flower/5 min) in both years. Similarly, A. florea had statistically highest visitation rate (16.85–19.99 flowers visited/min) followed by E. aeneus (9.73–10.68 flowers visited/min). A. dorsata had significantly higher pollen load on its body (84629–85,104 pollen grains) followed by A. florea (64940–65,135 pollen grains) and Amegilla sp. (64020–65,120 pollen grains). The open-pollinated flowers had significantly higher capsule weight (0.27 ± 0.01 g), seed weight (0.18 ± 0.01 g), seed numbers (1.67 ± 0.07 seeds) and seed germination (95 ± 1.38%) as compared to flowers deprived of pollinators in cages. The results suggested A. florea, A. dorsata and E. aeneus could be effective pollinators of chickpea. Hence these three species can be properly utilized on commercial scale to increase crop yield.