3차원 전산화단층촬영 영상을 이용한 안면 연조직 두께 계측의 임상적 유용성

정호걸,김기덕,한승호,허경석,이제범,박혁,최성호,김종관,박창서 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2006 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.36 No.2

Purpose : To evaluate clinical usefulness of facial soft tissue thickness measurement using 3D computed tomographic images. Materials and Methods : One cadaver that had sound facial soft tissues was chosen for the study. The cadaver was scanned with a Helical CT under following scanning protocols about slice thickness and table speed; 3 mm and 3 mm/sec, 5 mm and 5 mm/sec, 7 mm and 7 mm/sec. The acquired data were reconstructed 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 mm reconstruction interval respectively and the images were transferred to a personal computer. Using a program developed to measure facial soft tissue thickness in 3D image, the facial soft tissue thickness was measured. After the ten-time repeation of the measurement for ten times, repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to compare and analyze the measurements using the three scanning protocols. Comparison according to the areas was analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. Results : There were no statistically significant intraobserver differences in the measurements of the facial soft tissue thickness using the three scanning protocols (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between measurements in the 3 mm slice thickness and those in the 5 mm, 7 mm slice thickness (p>0.05). There were statistical differences in the 14 of the total 30 measured points in the 5 mm slice thickness and 22 in the 7mm slice thickness. Conclusion : The facial soft tissue thickness measurement using 3D images of 7 mm slice thickness is acceptable clinically, but those of 5 mm slice thickness is recommended for the more accurate measurement.

머리염색이 인체에 미치는 영향

윤형식,황성호,이현륭,김수호,박연석,권낙현,정호진,김동훈,노현주,홍성호,박병찬,이관,정해관 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

일상생활에서 모발염색은 흔히 접할 수 있는 미용의 한 종류로 특히 젊은층을 중심으로 폭발적으로 유행하고 있다. 염색을 위항 사용하는 약제는 표백제와 발색제 등 각종 화학약품이 사용되고 있으나 이로 인한 건강장해에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 저자들은 염색이 인체의 모발건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 염색과 관련된 주관적 증상과 모발의 변화에 대한 실험적 연구를 시행하였다. 동국대학교 경주 캠퍼스 재학생 80명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 염색 유 ·무 및 염색 후에 경험한 증상에 대해 설문 조사하였고, 의과대학 재학생 46명을 대상으로 피부 반응 테스트를 실시하였다. 또한 염색 전후의 모발 탄성도를 측정하였고 모발의 상태를 파악하기 위해 전자 현미경검사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과 염색 전에 비하여 염색 후 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력저하, 발진 및 접촉성 피부염, 모발손상, 모근손상 등의 증상을 더 많이 경험한다고 호소하였다(p<0.05). 모발손상과 모근손상은 헤어드라이어 사용 빈도에 따라 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 피부반응검사에서 가려움증이 가장 많은 증상이었으며 이는 여성보다는 남성에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 염색 전후의 모발장력은 염색 전 134.5±10.37g, 염색 128.0±30.69g, 염색 이틀 후 112.5±19.69g으로 나타났다. 염색 전후의 모발의 전자현미경 케라틴 층이 현저히 감소하고 모발이 가늘어지는 차이를 보였다. 염색은 모발손상, 모발 케라틴 손상 및 모근 손상, 발진 및 접촉성 피부반응, 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력 저하를 유발한다. 따라서 염색약으로 인한 손상에 대한 주의와 예방이 필요하다고 생각한다. 예방대책으로 염색 전 피부테스트를 통한 적합성 여부를 판단하는 것이 필요하며 가급적 염색을 피하는 것이 좋을 것이다. 염색약에 발암물질이 포함되어있다는 보고도 있어 염색 제조사의 철저한 실험과 염색 물질의 선별이 염색으로 인한 부작용을 최소화하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. Hair coloring has became one of the most popular cosmetic activities to younger generations during last decade. However, there are few studies on the health effect of widespread use of chemical dyes. This study was conducted to study the effects of hair coloring dye on hair and other systems. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 80 persons in Kyongju campus, Dongguk University. We have done open patch skin test on 46 medical students. We also conducted scanning electron microscopy to examine the hair strength and structure before and after hair coloring process. Injury of hair and hair bulb, contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity were the main symptoms complained after hair coloring (p<0.05). Injury of hair and hair bulb were increased by frequency of hair-dryer use(p<0.05). In open patch test, pruritus was complanined by more than half of the subjects. Mean strength of hairs before and after hair coloring was as follows; 134.5 (SD 10.37)g before hair coloring, 128.0 (SD 30.69)g immediately after hair coloring, and 112.5 (SD 19.69)g after two days. The scanning electron microscopic findings of hair surface before and after hair coloring showed decreased keratin layer and thinning of the hair. Hair coloring induces injury to hair, its keratin layer, and hair bulb as well as contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity. Therefore, we think that precaution is needed in use of hair coloring dye. To prevent complications induced by hair coloring dye, it is necessary, especially to those with allergy or skin disorders, to perform skin test before action and avoid hair coloring whenever possible. Longterm health effects of hairdye should be studied and manufacturing companies should try to minimize complications induced by hair coloring dye.

Mossbauer 분광법을 이용한 10MnO₂-10Fe₂O₃-30Na₂O-50SiO₂유리내의 Fe³+ 이온에 관한 연구

朴冠鎬,洪性樂,洪致裕,白承道 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究 Vol.1 No.1

We have studied the Mossbauer parameters for ?? ion in the quenched glass and heat treated glasses. The Mossbauer spectra of the quenched glass were investigated at various temperatures from 60K to 300K. Using the center shift and kinetic temperature, the Debye and Einstein temperatures were calculated. The quenched glass was heat-treated at various temperatures from 530℃ to 710℃ for five hours. Both the isomer shit and quadrupole splitting parameters decreased near 590℃. And regardless of heat treatment, the ?? ion was predominantly octahedrally coordinated.

골다공증을 동반한 척추제 압박골절을 가진 노령환자에서 경피적 척추제 성형술 후 생활이 질 향상

박재우,공민호,이상구,송관영,강동수 The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2003 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.34 No.6

골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자에서 하악골상행지 시상분할골절절단술후 상순과 하순의 연조직 변화에 관한 연구

박관수,김태열,김희광,정정권,윤규호,전인성 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.6

Purpose : The prediction of profile change as a result of orthognathic surgery remains a problem during preoperative planning because of the difference relative movements of the hard and soft tissues. This study was performed to predict the changes o( upper and lower lips after BSSRO with non-rigid fixation Material and Methods : 15 patients wish skeletal Class III malocclusion treated by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO) and mandibular setback were selected for analysis. Cephalometric data of presurgery and postsurgery 12 months were used. Wilcoxon signed rank test, calculation of Spearmans correlation rho and simple regression analysis were performed to predict the relations between hard tissue changes and soft tissue changes. Results : The horizontal change of hard tissue Pogonion and those of lower lips showed high correlation and the ratios were from 71% to 84%. The horizontal change of hard tissue Pogonion and those of chin showed high correlation and the ratios were from 90% to 92%. The horizontal change of hard tissue Pogonion and those of upper lips showed moderate correlation and the ratios were from 7% to 18%. Conclusion : This study suggests that the changes of lower lips are highly affected by the hard tissue change of mandible and those of upper lips are moderately affected. In comparison with other studies, no significant differences were found among the fixation methods.

아질산 노출이 이스라엘잉어 혈장내 아질산 농도 및 간장 약물대사효소에 미치는 영향

박관하,최상훈,김영길,김용호,최선남,김종배 한국환경독성학회 2003 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Effects of ambient nitrite, N0₂^(-), at 1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/l, on the changes of plasma nitrite/nitrate and on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activity were examined in the juvenile Israeli carp, Cyprinus carpio. When the fish were exposed to 1 and 3 mg/l N0₂^(-), there was an exposure duration-dependent increase in plasma N0₂- over the 96-hr period reaching 6~7 fold excess the ambient concentration, In the fish exposed to 10 mg/l, a plateau concentration of less than 2-fold of the environment was attained in 12 hr. With 30 mg/l, however, the maximal plasma NOf was 41.25 mg/1 at 12 hr followed by a gradual decline. There was a concentration increase in methemoglobin (metHb) level in all N02^(-)-exposed groups and a significant decrease in hematocrit value in 30 mg/l group after 96-hr exposure. Apart from the blunted increase in plasma N0₂^(-) with higher N0₂^(-)(10 and 30 mg/1) exposure, the ratio of plasma N0₃^(-) to N0₂^(-) was significantly higher in these groups compared to 1 and 3 mg/l. The imbalance in the plasma N0₃^(-)/N0₂^(-) at higher N0₂^(-) exposure suggests a possible accelerated conversion of N0₂^(-) to N0₃^(-). Nitrite exposure did not affect the hepatic drug-metabolic activities in juvenile Israeli carp. All these data indicate that disposition of N0₂- differ depending upon exposed concentration and that metHb production may not be the exclusive toxic mechanism in carp

Sports에서 Rule의 본성과 성격 분석

박형상,육조영,유관호,박태민 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

This study begins with the following questions. Why should athletes keep rules of sport? What occurs in sport when cheaters break the rules? In relation to these questions, which explore basis or foundation of the rules. there are some precedent theories. Those are 1) rule absolutism of game formalism. 2) contextual contractualism, 3) externalism. Through my research on 1) and 2), a very important issue. namely, the ethos of the game rose. That is, an internal purpose of the game achieved as a result of realization of the game. and at the same time the basis of the rules. Furthermore, with regard to 3), it is not able to point out the basis of the rules because of denying the existence of this ethos: "internal purpose of sport". All things considered, the ethos of game is to make a decision of victory or defeat. Therefore, a norm "Keel) rules" itself is not always an absolute command, a categorical imperative, but a relative one. a hypothetical imperative. Consequently, all cheating, rule breaking, doesn't act on the game destructively. The rules of sport is fundamentally restricted by the ethos of sport under all circumstances. In other words. only this ethos: "the spirit of the sport", forms the basis or foundation of the rules of sport.

저온에서의 자연철의 Mo¨ssbauer Spectra 硏究

朴冠鎬,李敬行,金振璜 동국대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Mo¨ssbauer parameters of natural iron have been measured from 25K to 298K. The isomer shift was not linear with absolute temperature, except at high temperature, because of quantized lattice levels. We have obtained the Debye and einstein temperature by fitting the kinetic temperature proposed by Mazo and Kirwood. We have found out the following results; 1) Isomer shift values tend to increase, while temperature decrease. 2) Hyperfine splitting values tend to increase, while temperature decrease. 3) Debye temperature is 264 K. 4) Einstein temperature is 202 K.

조기위암의 임상적 연구

박태준,양은수,류종철,박태군,이희승,신원창,이진호,김관엽 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.1

1989년 9월부터 1993년 7월까지 인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원에서 실시한 위내시경 소견이 조기위암이며 내시경 직시하 생검결과 선암으로 판명되어, 근치적 위절제술을 시행받은 23명의 환자에서 임상적 특징을 알아보고, 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. The incidence and mortality rate of stomach cancer ranks well ahead of all malignancies in Korea. The prognosis is excellent in early gastric cancer of which the overall 5 years survival rate of 85∼95% is comparative with that of advanced gastric cancer of 15∼49%. So early detection with very sensitive mordality of gastroscope and surgery is the only premise to decrease the mortality rate of gastric cancer. This report deals with the clinical aspects of 23 cases of early gastric cancer, which were confirmed with histopathologic examination of resected stomach during the 4 years from September 1989 to July 1993 at Sanggye Paik hospital, Seoul, Korea. Out of 23 cases of early gastric cancer, 14 cases were male, 9 cases were female, and the male to female ratio was 1.6 : 1. The most common type of early gastric cancer was talc type(43.5%), IIc and its combined type comprised most of them(87.0%). The most prevalent sloe of lesion was gastric angle(43.5%) and the most common direction was lesser curvature(73.9%) 19 cases of 23(78.3%) were between 1∼3cm in size, and there was no statistical significance between the size of the lesion and lymph node metastasis. Of the 9 cases with mucosal lesion, there were 2 cases with lymph node metastasis(22.2%), but 7cases(50.0% ) of 14 cases with submucosal lesion presented lymph node metastasis. Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy on detection of early gastric cancer was 17 cases(73.9%) of total 23 cases in our study. As with other report, histopathulogic examination of resected stomach revealed adenocarcinoma, tubular type as the most common type. Frequent complaint of patients with early gastric cancer was epigastric pain(65.2%), and duration of the symptom was less than 12 months in 17 cases(73.1%) of 23 patients with early gastric cancer.

스포츠 현장에서 사고 분쟁해결을 위한 법적 구조 및 그 효용성 분석

박형상,육조영,김우규,이재봉,유관호,이무연,박태민,이신언 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

1. The purpose of this study is to reflect reality of sports to legal structure. This author classified types of sports related accidents as match accidents, school accidents, leisure and living sports accidents. Out of such accidents common factors such as 'the provider of virtue' and 'user' could be deduced and this author reviewed what kinds of obligations must be shouldered by these people respectively. In particular this author stressed the fact that disproportionate emphasis is placed on malfeasance in disposition of dispute over the sports accidents. Malfeasance is a method for seeking relief through money after the accident. However default in an obligation enables supplementary completion when it is not performed or imperfectly performed. Thus if object which must be performed is providing safety then it is possible to secure safety prior to accident. Furthermore at such time mistake of the debtor can not become a factor. For this reason this line of thinking has the following merits: (1) In comparison with constitution of malfeasance default of an obligation has long prescription. It seems that such fact was a motivation for saving obligation for safety consideration by making it fall under the principle of faith. (2) Default of an obligation is not an obligation for ordinary attention which is cause of malfeasance but it takes up issue with obligation for attention required for performance. Game organization, sponsor and spectators etc. shares certain sense of identity and are demanded to have manners. As method for evaluation of such relationship of faith it may be possible to impose a special kind of obligation for attention and it will be close to constitution of default of an obligation. (3) Imposing obligation for provision clarifies that such responsibility belongs to game organizations promoting sports to which anyone can participates or to national or public organizations, sponsor, schools which induced such sports as a part of its educational programs, installer who made people use it as leisure facility or person in charge for its management. (4) It is also applicable to umpires, players or spectators who use field of sports. It is possible to reflect reality whereby these people specifically relate themselves to sports. In consequence it will be possible to make people feel the necessity of expanding the principals of sports from 'doers' to 'watchers.' (5) The obligation of provision is an obligation under the principle of faith therefore mutual negotiation may be expected to clarify such fact. It may be also evaluated by effectuation of users' self-determining right. 2. If the above mentioned structure is provided then, although it is limited to sports, students who are subjects of instruction, seminar attendants, and furthermore players who finished games may be obligated to bear responsibility for safety consideration under the principle of faith. Accordingly level of relief for considerable number of victims may be increased as cases of treating even borrowed materials as default of obligation being expanded. 3. As scope of responsibility becomes more clearer it will be possible to prevent disputes while securing more safety as rules and regulations become more clearly enacted or new contract is signed or existing contract is revised.