Plasma N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Is Predictive of Perioperative Cardiac Events in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery

( Ji Hyun Yang ),( Jin Ho Choi2 ),( Young Wook Ki ),( Dong Ik Kim ),( Duk Kyung Kim ),( Jeong Rang Park ),( Jae K. Oh ),( Seung Hyuk Choi ) 대한내과학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.27 No.3

Background/Aims: Identification of patients at high risk for perioperative cardiac events (POCE) is clinically important. This study aimed to determine whether preoperative measurement of plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) could predict POCE, and compared its predictive value with that of conventional cardiac risk factors and stress thallium scans in patients undergoing vascular surgery. Methods: Patients scheduled for non-cardiac vascular surgery were prospectively enrolled. Clinical risk factors were identified, and NT-proBNP levels and stress thallium scans were obtained. POCE was the composite of acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure including acute pulmonary edema, and primary cardiac death within 5 days after surgery. A modified Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) was proposed and compared with NT-proBNP; a positive result for ischemia and a significant perfusion defect (≥ 3 walls, moderate to severely decreased, reversible perfusion defect) on the thallium scan were added to the RCRI. Results: A total of 365 patients (91% males) with a mean age of 67 years had a median NT-proBNP level of 105.1 pg/ mL (range of quartile, 50.9 to 301.9). POCE occurred in 49 (13.4%) patients. After adjustment for confounders, an NTproBNP level of>302 pg/mL (odds ratio [OR], 5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1 to 10.3; p<0.001) and a high risk by the modified RCRI (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.6 to 9.3; p = 0.002) were independent predictors for POCE. Comparison of the area under the curves for predicting POCE showed no statistical differences between NT-proBNP and RCRI. Conclusions: Preoperative measurement of NT-proBNP provides information useful for prediction of POCE as a single parameter in high-risk patients undergoing noncardiac vascular surgery.

운동이 정신지체 성인여성의 골밀도에 미치는 영향

장명재,최지우,최원현,최현희 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育學論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise to mentally retarded women's bone mineral density. Subjects were divided into three groups: Group A(age:27.9yr, n=8)-This group was mentally retarded exercise women, who had been doing regularly exercise for over three years. Group B(age:28.8yr, n=8)-This group was mentally retarded non exercise women, who hadn't been doing it as usual. Group C(age:29.0yr, n=8) This group was normal women, who hadn't been doing it as usual. This study analysed and compared the bone mineral density between these three groups. The results were summarized as follow. 1.The BMI of group A(Mentally retarded exercise group) was 22.8±3.28 kg/m2, group B(mentally retarded non exercise group) was 22.6±5.6 kg/m2, and Group C(normal group)was 22.0±2.2 kg/m2. There were no significant differences in BMI between three groups. 2.There were significant difference in grip strength and back strength between three groups(p〈.001). The grip strength of group A was 16.9±6.5 kg, group B was 12.2±4.0 kg, and group C was 31.8±2.1 kg. The back strength of group A was 36.9±16.1 kg, group B was 34.2±8.4 kg, and group C was 96.9±32.7. 3.These were significant difference bone mineral density of lumbar between these groups. Group A was 0.1±0.08 g/cm2, Group B was 0.888±0.10 g/cm2, and group C was 1.05±0.04 g/cm2(p〈.01). 4.These were very significant difference bone mineral density of femur between these groups. Group A was 0.91±0.09g/cm2, group B was 0.74±0.08 g/cm2, and group C was 0.97±0.14 g/cm2(p〈.0001). 5.These were very significant difference bone mineral density of Forearm between these groups. Group A was 0.6±0.02 g/cm2, group B was 0.56±0.03 g/cm2, and group C was 0.63±0.02 g/cm2(p〈.0001). 6.Group A were correlations between bone mineral density of femur(neck) and BMI, weight(p〈.05). 7.Group B were correlations between bone mineral density of forearm(MID, total) and age(p〈.05). 8.Group C were correlations between bone mineral density of lumbar(L1) and age, BMI, back strength(L4).

GG-38 : Minimal invasive surgery (LESS) for huge cystic adnexal tumors in whole abdomen

( In Young Choi ),( Ji Hye Lee ),( Mi Hyun Park ),( Ji Kwoun Park ),( Jeong Kyu Shin1 ),( Won Jun Choi1 ),( Soon Ae Lee ),( Jong Hak Lee ),( Won Young Paik ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.100 No.-

Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) is helpful if not an evidence of suspicious malignancy in huge adnexa tumors. This approach might be reasonable alternative to conventional laparoscopic surgery. We report two cases with LESS for huge cystic adnexal tumors in whole abdomen. A 58 years old multigravida woman in menopause underwent removal of a huge cystic adnexal mass that occupied her entire abdomen by LESS.(ca.5200ml aspiration) A 15 years old single nulligravida woman had a huge cystic adnexal tumor in whole abdomen reaching to the level of the xyphoid process. A needle through the transumbilical single port was inserted directly under the mass. Subsequently, 8000 ml of cystic fluid was aspirated without spillage.

수면량과 집중력의 상관관계

김병우,류지근,박우진,박계원,김미정,임지은,백대현,최재덕,최윤호,이가현,이관,김덕수 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

수면, 기억 그리고 학습의 연관성은 실제 매우 복잡하다. 많은 연구에도 불구하고 명확한 연구결과는 아직 없다. 우리는 이 연구에서 평소와는 달리 시험 전날 수면 변화 양상이 집중력에 어느 정도 영향력을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였고, 이를 이용해 효율적인 수면 관리를 할 수 있는 기초자료로 삼고자 하였다. 동국대 의대 본과 1학년생 중 지원자 30명과 본과 2학년생 10명을 대상으로 평상시 상태와 시험 직후 수면이 부족한 상태에서 각각 K-PES TEST를 실시하여 총 8항목에 걸쳐 암기력, 판단력, 단순반응의 변화정도를 검사하였다. 또 설문조사를 병행하여 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다른 인자들도 파악하였다. 수면량에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 인간의 최대 생리학적 기능은 꼭 수면부족에 의해 좌우되는 것은 아니다. 그러나, 수면감소는 피로를 증가시키고, 동기부여를 감소시키나 단, 새로운 사실을 학습하는 데에는 큰 영향을 끼치지 않는다. 즉, 수면부족으로 장시간 깨어있는 것은 정확성과 반응성을 떨어뜨린다. 흡연에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 니코틴의 수면에 대한 상호관계는 알려지지 않았고, 인간의 감정이나 의식, 인식에 영향을 주는 것으로 알고있지만, 장기적은 측면에서 흡연이나 알코올은 인식능력과 무관한 것 같다. 카페인에 대한 숫자 외우기(암기력)검사 결과, 카페인은 spacial selective attention에는 특별한 영향을 주지 않지만 지각과정이나 주의 집중에 큰 효과를 주며, 인간의 의식 수행에 긍정적인 효과를 준다. 즉 카페인은 활력, 혼란, 피로상태를 변화시키고 visual analog scales에서 휴식상태에 가까운 양상을 나타낸다. 또 48시간 동안 수면을 취하지 않은 사람에게 카페인은 집중력과 장시간의 좋은 기분을 유지하게 하였다. 그러나 규칙적, 비규칙적으로 먹는 사람간에는 인지수행력의 차이를 보이지 않으며 상용자에서는 상당한 내성이 보인다. 수면패턴에 대한 숫자 더하기(순간 판단력)검사 결과, 집중력은 수면패턴에 의해서도 영향을 받고, 수면패턴이 바뀌게 되면 순간판단력을 저하시킨다. This study was performed to evaluate relationship of sleep and attention, and to control sleep effectively. We conducted a K-PES test of 40 medical students. K-PES contains eight elements, for example, simple response, selective response, color pairing, OddEven discrimination, number addition, number-symbol matching, memory, right-tapping, left tapping. Through these, we tested changes of memory, judgement, simple response. And we conducted a questionnaire survey to exclude bias. Results are as follows. As a results of number-symbol matching test, we know that sleeplessness is not complete responsible for physiologic function for humans. But, decreased sleep increases fatigue and decreases motivation, but no influence on learning new materials. So, long term sleeplessness decreases precision and responsibility. As a results of number-symbol matching test on smoking, a relationship of nicotine and sleep is not certain. A point of view in long term period, smoking and drinking is not related cognition, even if we know that those influence mood, consciousness and cognition. As a results of memory work test on caffeine, caffeine does not influence spacial selective attention, but mainly does perception, attention and consiousness process. Namely caffeine changes energetic activities, chaos, fatigue states and shows resting state in visual analog scales In sleeplessness for 48 hours, caffeine produced attention and good mood for a long time. But, in case of cognitive process no significance shows in regular or irregular diet. Regular diet shows high resistance. As a results of number addition test on sleep patterns, seep patterns influence attention, changes of sleep patterns decrease a moment judgement.

농촌지역 노인들의 우울증상에 관련된 요인들의 특성

송미숙,전기홍,송현종,김정은,박승구,신상건,이동훈,정성현,최연주,최완철,최민규,황재철,홍지만 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

This study was performed to identify risk factors for depression among the elderly in a rural area. A survey was done for the elderly living in Gosam-myenn, Ansung-kun during the period of July 28, 1997 and July 30, 1997. Demographic and sodoeconornic characteristics, and functional and health Status were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the level of depression was measured by GDS score. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, and the results were as follows: 1. The total sample consisted of 133 elderly. Of them, 47 elderly (35.4%) showed significant depressive Symptoms. 2. The GDS score was the highest for the group over 85 years of age (p < 0.05). Those living alone or widowed showed lower GDS score than those living with someone or married (p < 0.05). 3. The GDS score was the highest in the absolutely dependent group, followed by the partially dependent group, and the independent group (p < 0.01). The elderly who perceived their health Status as excellent showed the lowest GDS score. In contrast, those who had more than five chronic diseases showed the highest GDS score. 4. The elderly receiving financial and emotional support from their family or friends showed lower GDS score compared to those without any support. 5. The economically dependent group showed higher GDS score than that of independent group. 6. The elderly who involved in leisure activities showed lower GDS score than those without any involvement. 7. In terms of risk factors for depression, we found that perceived health Status, subjective economic Status, leisure activities, living arrangement and financial support were inversely associated with GDS score, whereas labor support was positively associated with GDS score. Based upon the above findings, this study suggests that these risk factors for depression in the elderly should be taken into consideration for a comprehensive mental health program for the elderly living in the rural area.

Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

제7차 교육과정 국어과 '독서' 교과서의 편제에 관한 비교 연구

최지현 서원대학교 교육대학원 2003 교육논총 Vol.8 No.-

감상의 정서적 거리 : 교육과정변인이 문학감상에 미치는 영향 Influence of the Curriculum Variables in Literary Education

최지현 한국문학교육학회 2003 문학교육학 Vol.12 No.-

Up to the present the theory on Literature appreciation education have been extended on discussion about learning goals and contents and deepened so far. However, there was satisfactory outcomes accumulated on the methodology for teaching appreciation or assessment theory. Because a standard of judgment on literature appreciation ability was not readied fundamentally, and just a few discussions for this was shown marked progress. Many investigators and literature teachers look attitude which emphasize sympathy for literature works according to own literary intention or critical analysis. But appreciation ability are far from these ideas expect actually. Learning reader s emotional distance for literary text can be formed in all of sympathy or critical reading. Therefore, if someone make a classification and a hierarchy according to his own prescribed form, He may not do reasonable judgment on the learning reader's literature appreciation ability. In this study I proposed to understand development of literature appreciation ability by process that non-linear variety of appreciation is magnified. That I examined according to these viewpoint is as follows; 1. The reason that many investigaters and literature teachers regard sympathy or critical reading as deepening of appreciation ability is because they understand learning reader s emotional distance literature text in the unique context. 2. There are two dominant causes intervene learning reader s appreciation process. One is 'Displacement' that make learning reader internalize the external ethical value and another is 'Extrapolation' that make them reproduce the literary custom. The unique context is made by this intervention. 3. The unique context on appreciation ability can distort many-sided possibilities of literature education. To solve this problem, we need to reset the curriculum variables such as teaching-learning models, class discourses, and Literature/Text.

임상실습에 임하는 학생들의 비강 및 피부에 분포된 포도구균과 환자병소에서 분리된 포도구균에 대한 병원성의 연관성에 관한 연구

최대경,김홍선,백태현,권지순 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1986 충남의대잡지 Vol.13 No.2

The authors have studied the pathogenecity of staphylococci isolated from 96 patients in Chungnam National University Hospital and Staphylococci isolated from nose and axilla of 50 medical and 50 nursing students in Chungnam National University. The authors conducted the survey from January 1986 to June 1986. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Out of staphylococci isolated from 96 patients, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were 59.4%, and 32.3%, respectively. In staphylococci isolated from nose of medical and nursing students, Staphylococcus aureus was 13.6^(male), 17.2%(female) and Staphylococcus epidermidis was 61.0%(male), 75.9%(female), respectively. 2. In the biotype of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients, the rate of biotype 1 was 93.5%. In the staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from nose of medical and nursing students, the rate of biotype 1 was 55.6%(male), 31.8%(female). In the axilla, the rate of biotype 1 was 56.5%(male), 52.6%(female), respectively. 3. In the biotype 1 of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients and control groups, enzymatic activities were more active than other biotypes. 4. Crystal violet ring test of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients, biotype 1 was WR type 22.6%, SR type 67.7% and DR type 3.2%. 5. To the antibiotic activities of staphylococci isolated from patients, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to gentamycin(96.5%), penicillin(78.9%), lincomycin(47.4%) and erythromycine(35.1%). In the nose of medical students, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to penicillin(11.9%), gentamycin(11.9%), lincomycin(6.8%) and tetracycline(5.1%). 6. In the multiple antibiotic resistance of staphylococci isolated from patients, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to 2 antibiotics(35.1%), 3 antibiotics(17.5%), 5 antibiotics(15.8%) and, Staphylococcus epidermidis was resistant to 3 antibiotics(32.3%), 4 antibiotics(19.4%) and 5 antibiotics(16.1%).

서브랜드 적응필터를 이용한 잡음제거기

최지현,정익주 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2008 정보통신논문지 Vol.12 No.-

In this paper, we proposed a subband adaptive noise canceller(SANL) where each band has different number of filter taps. Since most energy of voice signal is located in low frequency area, the proposed algorithm allocates more filter taps in lower frequency band than in higher frequency band with keeping total number of filter taps constant.' The performance of the proposed SANC is better than that of the full band ANC. In this experiment where we used the analysis filter with the filter order 80, we consider two cases, 2-band SANC and 4-band SANC, the 2-band SANC outperformed the 4-band SANC. This is because the 4-band SANC has more transition bands than 2-band SANC, and therefore transition bands caused more aliasing. That is, increased number of bands could not compensate for the degradation caused from aliasing due to relatively wide transition bands. This problem can be alleviated using analysis filter with higher filter order, but this requires more computational performance. In addition, we implement the proposed SANC using TMS320C6713 DSP for real-time operation.