Two-Step Etching Characteristics of Single-Si by the Plasma Etching Techique

이진희,박성호,김말문,박신종,Lee, Jin Hee,Park, Sung Ho,Kim, Mal Moon,Park, Sin Chong The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 1987 전자공학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

Plasma etching can obtain less damaged etch surface than reactive ion etching. This study was performed to get anisotropic etching characteristics of Si using two step etching technique with C2CIF5 and SF6 gas mixture. The results show that the etch rate and aspect ratio of silicon was increased with increment of SF6 contents. The bulging phenomenon on trench side wall in the plasma one-step etching technique was eliminated by the two step etching technique. The anisotropy was decreased from 12(at 120m Torr) to 2.2(at 400m Torr) with increasing the chamber pressure. At the low rf power (350 watts) anisotrpy of silicon was obtained 7 lower than that of high rf power (650 watts. A:~9). In Summary we obtained anisotropic etching profiles of silicon with e 6\ulcornerm depth by using the plasma two-step etching technique.

開水路에서의 2次元 不定流 解析를 위한 有限體積法

이진희,김경탁,심명필,Lee, Jin-Hee,Kim, Kyung-Tak,Sim, Myung-Pil 한국수자원학회 1996 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.29 No.5

본 연구에서는 2차원 천수방정식을 지배방정식으로 이용하여 유속 및 수위분포를 계산할 수 있는 수치모델을 개발하였다. 유한체적법에 의한 이산화과정에서, 3차의 Runge-Kutta 방법과 3차 정도의 upwind scheme을 도입하여 지배방정식의 비정상항과 이송항을 이산화하였다. 개발된 모형의 정확성을 검증하기 위하여 마찰 없는 직사각형 수평수로에 적용하였으며, 수치모형에 의해 얻어진 수심과 유속이 정확해야 잘 일치하였다. 또한, 본 모형을 대칭 및 비대칭 단면축소부를 갖는 직사각형 수로에 적용하여 흐름에 대한 유속분포와 홍수파의 전파가 수치모의 하였으며, 그 결과는 흐름특성을 잘 묘사하였다. In this study, a two-dimensional shallow-water equation was used to develop the mathematical model for computing water levels and flow distribution. In the discretization equations, based on the finite volume method (FVM), the third order Runge-Kutta method and the third order upwind scheme were introduced to handle the unsteady and vconvective terms in the governing equations. To determine the accuracy of the developed model, it was applied to the rectangular horizontal channel in a frictionless flow. The water depth and velocity obtained by the numerical model were found to agree closely with the exact solution. The model was also applied to the rectangular channel with both the symmetric and the non symmetric constriction. The velocity distribution of the flow and the propagation of the flood wave were simulated and the results well described the flow characteristics.

Fibrin Polymer 의 생성 메카니즘에 관한 연구

이진희,김두식,Lee, Jin-Hee,Kim, Doo-Sik 생화학분자생물학회 1988 한국생화학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin polymer has been investigated. It is noteworthy to find that excess basic amino acids, either L-arginine or L-lysine, are capable of polymerizing fibrinogen at neutral pH simply by charge-neutralization process without removing fibrinopeptides. This observation strengthens the notion that both specific orientation and balance of electric charge of the protein molecule are essential factors for the fibrin polymerization. Chemical modification of arginine residue(s) of fibrinogen completely inhibits thrombin-catalyzed conversion to fibrin polymer, which confirms that the specific arginine is recognized as a cleavage site by thrombin to yield fibrinopeptides and fibrin. The molecular weights of three different polypeptide chains of fibrinogen are reduced to lower than 47,000 upon proteolytic digestion with chymotrypsin. Surprisingly, however, these lower molecular species of fibrinogen are found to be polymerized in the presence of thrombin. Therefore, extensive structural analyses of the chymotrypsin-treated fibrinogen will contribute to define the essential interaction domains of fibrin units required for polymerization. Fibrinogen 분자의 disulfide 구조가 fibrin polymer를 이루는 과정에서 fibrin 분자들의 규칙적인 배열에 필수적인 요인으로 작용하는가에 대한 연구를 목적으로 fibrinogen 분자의 disulfide 결합을 환원시켜 분석한 결과 fibrinogen 한 분자당 약 3 개의 disulfide 결합이 환원되어도 thrombin 촉매에 의 한 fibrin polymer 형성에는 지장이 없음을 알았다. Fibrinopeptide를 구성하는 산성 아미노산들의 음전하를 중성화시킴으로서 thrombin에 의한 가수분해 과정을 거치지 않고도 fibrinogen의 polymer 형성이 가능한가를 이해하기 위하여 염기성 아미노산인 L-arginine과 L-lysine을 각각 과량 처리한 결과 이들 아미노산 존재하에서 자발적인 polymer 형성이 일어남을 관찰하였다. Fibrinogen의 화학변형에 의해 fibrin polymer 형성을 위한 thrombin 촉매작용이 완전히 억제되었으며 이 결과에 의해 fibrinogen의 특정한 arginine 잔기가 thrombin의 절단부위로 인식됨을 알았고 chymotrypsin 처리에 의하여 thrombin 촉매에 의하여 polymer 형성이 가능하다는 사실을 발견하였다.

일부 농촌주민과 도시영세민의 상병 및 의료이용에 관한 연구

이진희,고기호,김용식,이정애,Lee, Jin-Hee,Ko, Kee-Ho,Kim, Yong-Sik,Rhee, Jung-Ae 대한예방의학회 1988 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.21 No.2

The household survey was performed in a urban slum and a rural Chonnam areas to measure the level of illness and medical care utilization and to find the determinants of physician utilization. The data revealed that age-adjusted prevalence rates of acute and chronic diseases were much the same in both areas ranged between 10.0 to 11.3%. But medical care utilization was more frequent in urban slum than in rural area. The facility of the first medical contact was also different. Some personal and disease related variables including disease severity and activity restricted day were significantly, but somewhat differently by area, associated with physician utilization pattern. When applying Anderson model, the medical need factors explained 42.2 and 40.4% of physician utilization in urban slum and in rural areas respectively, while the enabling factors explained 18.0 and 12.2% and the predisposing facotrs explained 17.1 and 8.9% correspondingly.

체부와 경부를 동시에 침범한 자궁경부암과 자궁내막암:MRI를 이용한 성장 형태의 비교

이진희,김홍,서수지,Lee, Jin-Hui,Kim, Hong,Seo, Su-Ji 대한영상의학회 2001 대한영상의학회지 Vol.45 No.4

목적:경부와 체부 모두를 침범한 자궁 경부암과 자궁내막암에 있어 각각의 종양 성장 형태를 MRI를 통해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법:1989년 11월부터 1999년 1월까지 자궁경부암으로 MRI를 시행한 784예 중 체부의 침윤이 있었던 37예와 자궁내막암 환자 47예 중 경부의 침윤이 있었던 9예를 대상으로 하였다.조직학적으로 자궁경부암은 편평세포암이 29예,선암이 6예,선편평세포암이 2예 였고 자궁내막암은 선암이 8예,선편평세포암이 1예였다.1.5T unit (Magnetom Vision,Sie-mens, Germany)와 2.0T unit (Spectro-20000,Goldstar,Korea)를 사용하여 각각 종양의 침윤 형태에 관해 후향적 방법으로 조사하였다.분석 방법은 경부 침윤은 부분적 침윤(Cp)과 전층 침윤(Ct)으로 나누었고 부분적 침윤은 다시 내경만 침윤한 경우(Cp-n)와 외경만 침윤한 경우 (Cp-x),내경과 외경 모두를 침윤한 경우(Cp-b)로 나누었다.체부의 침윤은 내막만 침윤한 경우(U-mu),내막과 근층(U-my),내막-근층-장막(U-se)을 침윤한 경우으로 나누어 이들 종양의 침윤 형태에 대해 각각 비교 분석하였다. 결과:자궁경부암 37예 중 내경에 국한된 3예(Cp-n)에서는 내막만 침윤(U-mu)하였고 내경과 외경 모두를 침범한 3예(Cp-b)중에서 내막을 침윤한 경우가 1예(U-mu),근층까지 침윤한 경우 1예(U-my),외막까지 침윤한 경우가 1예(U-se)였고,경부 전층을 침범한 31예(Ct)중에서는 내막만 침윤한 경우 6예(U-mu),장막까지 침윤한 경우가 25예(U-se)였다.자궁내막암 9예 중 내막만 침범한 경우 3예(U-mu)와 근층까지 침범한 5예(U-my)모두에서 경부의 내경만 침윤했고(Cp-n),외막까지 침범한 1예(U-se)에서는 경부 전층(Ct)을 침윤하였다. 결론:자궁경부암이 체부로 침윤시 원발 종양이 경부 전층을 침범하면서 체부 전층을 침윤하는 경향이 있고,자궁내막암은 원발 종양이 내막과 근층을 침범하면서 경부의 내경만을 침윤하는 경향을 보였다. Purpose: To evaluate the growth pattern depicted by MR imaging and used to differentiate between uterine cervcal and endometrial carcinoma where the mass involves both the uterine corpus and cervix. Materials and Methods: The tumor growth pattern observed on MR images obtained between November 1989 and January in 1999 in 37 of 784 cervical carcinomas and 9 of 47 endometrial carcinomas in which the tumor involved both the uterine corpus and cervix was analysed. The histologic type was squamous (n=29), adenocarcinomatous (n=6) or adenosquamous (n=2) in cervical carcinoma, and carcinomatous (n=8) or adenosquamous (n=1) in endometrial carcinoma. A 1.5-T (Magnetom Vision, Siemens, Germany) and a 2.0-T unit (Spectro-20000, Goldstar, Korea) were used to obtain T1-and T2-weighted axial, T2-weighted sagittal and Gd-enhanced images. Tumor involvement of the uterine cervix was classified as either partial(Cp) or total(Ct), and partial involvement(Cp) was subclassified as Cp-n, Cp-x, or Cp-b according to involvement of the endocervix, exocervix or both. Tumors of the uterine corpus were classified as involving the mucosa(U-mu), myometrium(U-my) or serosa(U-se). Results: In 37 cases of cervical carcinoma, all three involving the endocervix(Cp-n) invaded the endometrium(U-mu), three involving both the endo- and exocervix(Cp-b) invaded the endometrium(U-mu, 1 case), my-ometrium(U-my, 1 case), or serosa(U-se, 1 case), and 31 involving the full-thickness of the uterine cervix(Ct) invaded the endometrium (U-mu, 6 cases) or serosa(U-se, 25 cases). In nine cases of endometrial carcinoma, three involving the endometrium(U-mu) and five involving the myometrium(U-my) invaded the endocervix(Cp-n), and one involving the serosa(U-se) invaded the full-thickness of the uterine cervix(Ct). Conclusion: Cervical carcinoma tended to involve the entire cervix and the full thickness of the uterine corpus, but endometrial carcinoma tended to involve the endometrium or myometrium of the uterine corpus and endocervix.

혈뇨 환아에서 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군의 혈액 및 소변화학검사와 신기능 지표들의 비교

이진희,이현승,이근영,장필상,이경일,김동언,Lee, Jin-Hee,Lee, Hyun-Seung,Lee, Keun-Young,Jang, Pil-Sang,Lee, Kyung-Yil,Kim, Dong-Un 대한소아신장학회 2007 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.11 No.2

목 적 : 육안적 또는 현미경적 혈뇨를 주소로 24시간 소변화학검사를 시행한 환아들의 의무 기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군으로 나누어 두 군의 혈액 및 소변화학검사와 그로부터 계산된 각 용질의 배설량, 청소율, 분획배설 등에 있어서 두 군간에 차이점이 있는지 비교하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 2월부터 2007년 2월까지 10년간 가톨릭의대 의정부성모병원 소아과에서 육안 또는 현미경적 혈뇨를 주소로 24시간 소변검사를 시행한 환아 중, 단백질 배설량이 4 mg/$m^2$/시간 이상으로 단백뇨가 동반된 경우는 제외하고, 소변 칼슘 배설량이 4 mg/kg/일 이상으로 특발성 고칼슘뇨증으로 진단 받은 30명과 소변 칼슘배설량이 3mg/kg/일 미만인 비고칼슘뇨군 환아 41명을 대상으로 하여 혈액화학검사, 기본 소변검사, 24시간 소변화학검사로부터 각종 소변 용질의 배설량, 청소율, 분획배설 등을 구하여 두 군간에 차이점이 있는지를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 고칼슘뇨군(30명)과 비고칼슘뇨군(41명)에서 육안적 혈뇨는 각각 24명(80%), 17명(42%)으로 고칼슘뇨군에서 육안적 혈뇨의 비가 높았다. 임의채취뇨의 Ca/Cr 비는 각각 $0.34{\pm}0.15,\;0.15{\pm}0.13$이었으며 고칼슘뇨군 30명 중 28명의 임의채취뇨 Ca/Cr 비는 0.2 이상이었고, 비고칼슘뇨군 41명 중 36명의 임의채취뇨 Ca/Cr 비가 0.2 미만이었다. 혈액화학검사에서 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군의 혈청 칼슘은 각각 $9.8{\pm}0.5 mg/dL,\;9.5{\pm}0.5 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았다(P=0.033). 24시간 소변의 칼슘농도는 각각 $14.7{\pm}7.7 mg/dL,\;3.3{\pm}2.2 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군이 유의하게 높았고(P<0.001), 칼슘배설량도 각각 $6.1{\pm}2.9 mg/kg/$일, $1.5{\pm}0.9 mg/kg/$일로 고 칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 크레아티닌 청소율로 구한 사구체여과율은 각각 $93.7{\pm}31 mL/min,\;79.5{\pm}32.0 mL/min$로 고칼슘뇨군이 유의하게 높았다(P=0.048). 24시간 소변의 요소농도는 각각 $797{\pm}316 mg/dL,\;569{\pm}329 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았고(P=0.015), 요소배설 량도 각각 $341 {\pm}102 mg/kg/$일, $233{\pm}123 mg/kg/$일로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았다(P=0.002). 나트륨 배설량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나 나트륨 분획배설(FENa)은 각각 $1.0{\pm}0.4%,\;1.3{\pm}0.6%$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 낮았다(P=0.029). 소변배설량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나 소변의 삼투질농도는 각각 $393{\pm}103 mOsm/kg\;H_2O,\;304{\pm}96 mOsm/kgH_2O$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 더 농축된 소변을 보았다(P=0.003). 결론 :고칼슘뇨군의 소변화학검사의 가장 특징적인 소견은 요소 배설과 사구체여과율의 증가로서 이는 고칼슘뇨군이 비고칼슘뇨군에 비하여 고단백식이를 하고 있을 가능성을 시사한다. 나트륨과 칼슘은 사구체 여과가 증가함에 따라 원위세뇨관 및 집합관에 도달하는 양도 증가하고 그 곳에서 나트륨의 재흡수 기전이 매우 정교하게 이루어지는데 비하여 칼슘의 그 것은 그렇지 못하여 고칼슘뇨증을 일으켰을 가능성이 있다. 향후 고칼슘뇨 환아를 진료함에 있어서 단백질 섭취 등식이 습관의 문진과 함께 식이요법도 고려해 보아야 할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hypercalciuria patients with hematuria show different renal indices compared to non-hypercalciuria patients with hematuria. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with gross or microscopic hematuria whose blood chemistry and 24 hour urine chemistry were examined. After excluding the patients with more than $4 mg/m^2/day$ proteinuria or the patients with urinary calcium excretion between 3 and 4 mg/kg/day, we divided the patients into two groups: a hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was more than 4 mg/kg/day(n=30) and a non hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was less than 3 mg/kg/day(n=41). The urinary excretion, clearance, and fractional excretion(FE) of Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, urea, and creatinine were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results : The hypercalciuria group had more calcium excretion($6.1{\pm}2.9$ vs $1.5{\pm}0.9 mg/kg/day$), more urea excretion($341{\pm}102$ vs $233{\pm}123 mg/kg/day$), greater glomerular filtration rate(GFR) ($93.7{\pm}31.1$ vs $79.5{\pm}32.0 mL/min$) but lower FENa($1.0{\pm}0.4%$ vs $1.3{\pm}0.6%$) than the nonhyper-calciuria group, although the urinary sodium excretion was similar between the two groups. Conclusion : The greater urea excretion and GFR in hypercalciuric patients suggest that they might be on a higher protein diet than the non-hypercalciuria group. The increased glomerular filtration of sodium and calcium induced by the higher GFR in hypercalciuria would have increased their delivery to the distal tubule, where sodium is effectively reabsorbed but calcium is not, which is suggested by the lower FENa but higher FECa in hyercalciuria. It is recommended that the diet of hematuria patients be reviewed in detail at initial presentation and during treatment.

간호전달 체계 개선 방안 - 일 병동을 중심으로 -

이진희,이승애,함용희,양명주,김옥선,Lee, Jin-Hi,Lee, Sung-Ae,Ham, Yong-Hee,Yang, Myong-Ju,Kim, Ok-Sohn 한국의료질향상학회 1997 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Background : In many Nursing Delivery System, Nursing Department at D Hospital had used to traditional nursing practice model what is called functional activities based system. It has a lot of merit that carried out specialized and rapid works but tend to ignore indivisual professional responsibility and task-based work assignments. In addition this system showed high turnover rates due to heavy workload, timesum of handing over duties, lack of support from peers and interstaff communication. So we performed conversion of Nursing Delivery System to My Patients Nursing Care System for providing comprehensive nursing to patient and reducing turnover rates and increasing job satisfaction to nurse. Method : 1. 1st step(96.4.9): Detected the problem of Nursing delivery System and estabilished improving planning 2. 2nd step(96.4.26): Visited other hospital on job training 3. 3th step(96.4.29): Discussed to premonitoring problem after conversion Nursing Delivery System and prepared structure 4. 4th step(96.5.6): My Patients Nursing Care System practical application 5. 5th step(96.7.20): Held complementary meeting 6. 6th step(96. 7): The other ward application 7. 7th step(96. 10): Extended application to whole wards Results: 1. Workload: (1) reduction(55.6%) (2) addition(44.4%) 2. Strong points after conversion: (1) decreased timesum of handing overduties (35.2%) (2) increased responsibility(33%) (3) broaden nurse's outlook to duties(14.8%) 3. Shortcoming after conversion: (1) understanding difficulties except my patient(57.8%) (2) weak teamwork(23.3%) (3) intensive stress to low grade nurse(12.2%) 4. Effective complemental way: (1) manpower(76.7%) (2) conversion of though (8.9%) (3) education(14.4%) 5. Patient's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(64%) (2) no effect(36%) 6. Physician and peer's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(12.5%) (2) dissatisfaction(21.6%) (3) no interest(44.3%) 7. Nurse's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(74.7%) (2) dissatisfaction(5.5%) (3) unknown(20.5%) 8. Want to continued: (1) want(76.4%) (2) try to any other system(18%) Conclusion : Even though Nursing Delivery System conversion still has many problem, we gained more merits than traditional nursing delivery system. So we suggest that My Patients Nursing Care System should be encouraged for comprehensive nursing care and satisfaction to nurses.

도농통합형 도시에 있어서 생물서식처 공간특성에 관한 연구(II) - 천안시 성환읍의 토지이용변화추이와 녹지구조변화를 중심으로 -

이진희,방광자,김훈희,Lee, Jin-Hee,Bang, Kwang-Ja,Kim, Hoon-Hee 한국환경복원기술학회 1999 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.2 No.1

The mixed rural city is adjusting to change by urbanization. The recent landcover change in mixed rural city is an important factor that changes structure and function of regional ecosystem. Landscape ecology is an integrated ecology widely available for environmental science such as nature conservation and sustainable land-use planning. As the concern about environmental quality rises, many studies are trying to create and conservate for biotop. The creation of biotop is related to the plan and management of the effective landuse because the important factor to change the structure and function of ecological area in the country. This study was carried out to establish the foundation of the landuse plan to analyze the change of landuse and to plan the scheme in creating biotop and landuse. We used the approach of ecological landscape and using landscape indices with RS(Remote Sensing) and GIS(Geographic Information System) technology, spatio-temporal variations of areas and distribution of forest patches were examined in the Sunghwan in Chonan from 1985 to 1996. A result of this study showed that the area of forest and paddy decreased by urban sprawl. The size of patch in the forest and agriculture had been smaller and irregular form, heterogeneity of size of forest and agriculture patches within sub-basin was increased, pattern of forest and agriculture patches decreased the corridor and network from 1985 to 1996.

하천에 있어서 자연성의 보전, 정비, 창출에 관한 연구(I) - 농촌지역에서의 토지이용과 하천수질과의 상관성 -

이진희,이행렬,이재근,이동근,김훈희,Lee, Jin-Hee,Lee, Haeng-Youl,Lee, Jae-Kun,Lee, Dong-Kun,Kim, Hoon-Hee 한국환경복원기술학회 1998 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The sources of the pollution on a river are divided into two classes, one the point source and the other non-point source. In raining, especially, the non-point source discharged from paddy, residential area, road ${\cdots}$ etc have correlations with the land use. This study was carried out to find out the model to estimate the quality of water in a river according to the land use. Land use data (Pungse-Myeoun and Kwangduk-Myeoun in Chonan) were produced from Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) and topographic map. Total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) general indices for the degree of pollution in river were measured during 11 months. Correlations between two variables(Land use and Pollutants(TN, TP)) were explained by the regression coefficient. As a result of this study, we found that among the five types of land use, the residential area, store area and paddy have significant effects upon the quality of water in a river. The results of this study will be applied to pre-estimate the degree of pollution in river broadly and to offer basic data in establishing the land use plan and the concept on the conservation of the river in rural area.

Comparative responses of sulforaphene contents between radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and Baemuchae (xBrassicoraphanus) during seed development

이진희,Kim Jongkee,이진욱 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.6

Sulforaphene is an isothiocyanate which is produced by the hydrolysis from glucoraphenin, one of glucosinolates mostly found in radish plant. This study evaluates the genetic diversity of sulforaphene contents from the seedlings of 29 rad ish genotypes in an attempt to fi nd a variety with a high extraction yield and which can be used as a breeding source of intergeneric hybrid vegetable Baemuchae. The sulforaphene content was highest in the seedlings of ‘Cheongwoonplus’ (1,426.8 mg kg − 1 FW) and ‘Taebaek’ (1,363.3 mg kg − 1 FW) cultivars and lowest in the ‘Matchuimbom’ (328.7 mg kg − 1 FW) cultivar. The sulforaphene contents of four radish cultivars and three Baemuchae varieties sharply decreased dur ing seedling growth; however, they were much higher in the seedlings of radish cultivars than in Baemuchae varieties. The sulforaphene contents in unpollinated pistil tissues were not aff ected by species, whereas they responded diff erently to the cultivar or variety. After pollination, the sulforaphene content gradually increased in radish cultivars during seed development, but relatively much less in Baemuchae varieties. These results indicated that the sulforaphene content varied widely in the seedlings of radish cultivars. Sulforaphene gradually accumulated after pollination during seed development in radish cultivars, but not much in Baemuchae varieties. However, not much diff erence was observed in the sulforaphene contents of unpollinated pistil tissues of radish and baemoochae.