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이진희,신기일,Lee, Jin-Hee,Shin, Key-Il 한국통계학회 2007 응용통계연구 Vol.20 No.3
표본조사에서 항목무응답 발생 시 결측대체에 사용되는 일반적인 방법은 결측변수와 관계 있는 보조변수를 이용하는 것이다. 최근 이진희 등 (2006)은 2002년 강원지역의 농가경제 자료를 이용하여 표본조사에서 공간통계를 이용한 결측대체 (missing imputation) 방법을 비교하였으며, 자료들 사이에 지역적 상관이 존재할 때 이를 이용한 결측대체가 효율적임을 보였다. 본 논문에서는 이를 확장한 개념으로, 강원지역의 2000-2002까지의 월별 자료가 공간상관과 시계열상관이 존재함을 확인하고 이 관계를 결측대체에 이용하였다. 또한 공간상관과 시계열상관이 모두 존재할 경우 공간시계열 모형을 이용한 결측 대체 방법이 공간모형을 이용하였을 때에 비해 더 효율적임을 모의실험을 통해 확인하였다. It is a common practice to use the auxiliary variables to impute missing values from item nonresponse in surveys. Sometimes there are few auxiliary variables for missing value imputation, but if spatial and time autocorrelations exist, we should use these correlations for better results. Recently, Lee et al. (2006) showed that spatial autocorrelation could be efficiently used for missing value imputation when spatial autocorrelation existed, using the data from the farm household economy data in Gangwon-do, 2002. In this paper, we present au evaluation of spatial and space-time nonresponse imputation methods when there exist spatial and time autocorrelations using the monthly data during 2000-2002 from the same data previously used by Lee et al. (2006). We show that space-time imputation method is more efficient than the other through the numerical simulations.
이진희 한국독어독문학회 2003 獨逸文學 Vol.85 No.-
Mu¨ndlichkeit, gesprochene Sprache, als eingensta¨ndiges Forschungsgebiet hat in der germanistischen Sprachwissenschaft lange Zeit keine besondere Rolle gespielt. Erst mit den technischen Aufzeichnungs- und den verbesserten Abspielmo¨glichkeiten kam die systematische Erforschung in Gang. Zuna¨chst der Strukturen gesprochener Sprache. vor allem in Kontrast zu geschriebenen, dann aber der dialogischen Strukturen. In den letzten Jahren hat das Thema "Mu¨ndlichkeit" versta¨rkte Aufmerksamkeit in einem allgemeineren Rahmen gefunden. Hier geht es um die großen Linien der historischen Entwicklung oraler und literaler Kulturen, um Traditions- und Erza¨hlstrukturen, wie sie etwa in den Arbeiten von Walter J. Ong thematisiert wurden. Ong machte die Bemerkung, dass die modernen elektronischen Medien ein neues Zeitalter der Oralita¨t hervorbra¨chten, und er fu¨gte hinzu, dass diese Oralita¨t "sekunda¨r" sei, weil sie auf Schriftlichkeit gegru¨ndet sei. Eine ganz andere, neue Perspektive in der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion von Mu¨ndlichkeit und Schriftlichkeit ist die Unterscheidung von medialer und konzeptioneller Dimension. Der entscheidende Fortschritt liegt in der Erkenntnis, dass eine direkte, d.h. eindimensionale Abbildung der medialen Dichotomie schriftlich vs. mu¨ndlich auf solche Merkmale (wie hypotaktisch,vs. praktisch, monologisch vs. dialogisch, reflektiert vs. spontan etc.) dem Gegenstand nicht gerecht wird, so, als handele es sich einfach um mit dem Kanal (optisches vs. akustisches Signal) verbundene Unterschiede. Koch/Oesterreicher (1994) verdeutlichen den Ansatz durch die Anordnung verschiedener sprachlicher Vorga¨nge auf einer zweidimensionalen Skala. Ein vertrautes Gespra¨ch ist konzeptionell "mu¨ndlicher" als eine Predigt, ein schriftlicher Tagebucheintrag "weniger achriftlich" (konzeptionell) als ein Leitartikel. Die beiden Dimensionen stehen orthogonal aufeinander, sind als beliebig kombinierbar. Es gibt mu¨ndliche Texte mit hoher konzeptioneller Schriftlichkeit. Schriftlichkeit und Mu¨ndlichketi existieren nicht nebeneinander, sondern durcheinander.
이진희,이정현 한국응용과학기술학회 2018 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.35 No.4
This study was conducted to provide the information for the promotion of oral health in nursing students. The subjects were 207 in female students for self-administered questionnaires. The percentage of subject to visit dental clinic was 64.3%, to Regular checkup was 25.9%, cure of caries was 23.5% for last one year. The percentage of reasons not treated ‘less importance’ were 12.6%, ‘fear of the dental clinic’ was 10.6%. The average number of brushing teeth were 3.1. 56.0% students brush their teeth for two ~ three minutes. But intention of visit to the dentist were ‘only when treated’ was 51.7%, ‘only when there is pain’ was 10.1%. The intention of oral education was 54.6%, the content of the desired education ‘whitening’ were 34.5%, ‘prevention of bad breath’ was 19.2%. Dental health information acquisition path ‘internet’ were 42.0%, ‘family or friends’ was 25.6%. Susceptibility was 2.47 points, severity was 2.00 points, benefit was 4.03 points in oral health belief. Compared to students who needed dental treatment but did not receive treatment, oral health beliefs were higher among those who were treated(p<.001), students with cavities showed a higher level of oral health belief than those without cavities(p<.001). There was significant corelation between ‘number of caries’ and susceptibility(r=.330, p=.002), severity(r=.25, p=.019). The result should be reflected in the development of effective program for nursing students’ oral health care. 본 연구는 간호학생의 구강건강에 관해 알아보고자 시행되었고, 207명을 대상으로 자가 보고식 설문을 진행하였다. 연구결과 지난 1년간 치과를 방문한 학생은 64.3% 였고, 치과 방문 이유는 정기검진이 25.9%, 충치치료가 23.5%이었다. 치과를 방문하지 않는 이유는 ‘덜 중요해서’가 12.6%로 가장 많았고, ‘치과 가기가 두려워서’가 10.6%로 나타났다. 하루동안 평균 잇솔질 횟수는 3.1회 이었으며 잇솔질 시간은 2~3분이 56.0%를 차지했다. 그러나 치과 방문 의도에 관한 질문에는 ‘치료 받을 때만’이 51.7%고 가장 많았고, ‘통증이 있을 때만’도 10.1%나 되었다. 구강교육을 받을 용의에 대해서는 54.6% 가 ‘그렇다’고 응답하였고, 구강교육 희망내용으로는 ‘미백’이 34.5%로 가장 많았고, ‘구취예방’이 19.2% 이었다. 구강건강정보 획득 경로로는 ‘인터넷’이 42.0%로 가장 많았고, ‘가족이나 친구’가 25.6%로 나타 났다. 구강건강신념 중 감수성은 2.47점, 심각성은 2.00점, 유익성은 4.03점으로 나타났다. 치과치료가 필요했지만 치료를 받지 않은 학생에 비해 치료받은 학생에서 구강건강신념이 높게 나타났고(p<.001), 충치가 없는 학생에 비해 충치가 있는 학생에서 구강건강신념이 높게 나타났다(p<.001). 충치 개수와 감수성(r=.330, p=.002), 심각성(r=.25, p=.019)은 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 간호 대학생의 구강건강을 위한 효과적인 프로그램 개발에 활용할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.
임상실습시 간호학생이 경험하는 스트레스와 스트레스 대처방법에 관한 연구
이진희 中央醫學社 1993 中央醫學 Vol.58 No.7
This study purpose was to offer an basic data of the clinical nursing practice on stressors and stress coping method grasp of nursing student the data were collected by means of Questionnaires from November, 2 to November, 14 in 1992. The subjects in this study were a sample of 267, Nursing student who were 2nd, or 3rd grade in K junior college of nursing. The instruments used for this study: the stressors by CHUN and the stress coping method questionnaire 18 items developed by (Bell). The data were analyzed by Number percentage, Mean, standard deviation and t-test, one way ANOVA, paired t-test using SPSS package. The result of this study was like this as following: 1. The stress of the nursing student experience in clinical practice on area "Nursing Activity" in which most severe stress, and total item of stress is "an uncertain role of oneself" higher in degree. 2. The stress coping method of nursing students are used for long-term coping method more than short-term coping method (P <.000). 3. Personal characteristics stress of nursing students is a school in the case of role (P < .03), satisfaction about nursing special study in the case of Environment (P < .01), interpersonal relationship (P < .01), role (P < .008), an ideal and value of nursing (P < .001). Satisfaction about nursing practice in the case of Environment (P < .009), role (P < .0004), an ideal and value of nursing (P < .0000), nursing Activity (P < .02) was statistical difference. 4. Personal characteristics stress coping method of nursing students in the school, satisfaction about nursing special study, religion was statistical difference (P < .05). 5. There was statistical difference by stress level higher and the stress coping method highly (P <.000).
새로운 계면활성제들에 의한 두 PAH의 수중 용해도 증가
이진희,박재우 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000 지하수토양환경 Vol.5 No.1
계면활성제를 사용하여 토양에 존재하는 소수성 유기오염물질을 제거하는 방법이 많이 연구되어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 계면활성제의 구조적 차이에 따른 오염물질의 용해도 증가 효율을 평가하기 위하여 기존 계면활성제와는 다른 구조를 가진 계면활성제들을 가지고 비교·실험하였다. 그 결과 쌍둥이형 계면활성제(gemini surfactant)인 DADS12가 가장 용해도 증가율이 높게 나타났으며 머리가 두 개인 쌍두형 계면활성제(dianionic surfactant)가 일반 계면활성제인 SDDBS보다 적은 용해도 증가를 나타내었다. 이는 계면활성제의 유기탄소분율이 큰 것일수록 용해도 증가가 크고 계면활성제의 구조적 특성에 따른 마이셀의 형태나 구조에 크게 영향을 받지 않으며, 오염물질과 계면활성제 분자에다 존재하는 벤젠 고리간의 상호 인력 작용이 거의 일어나지 않거나 아주 미미한 것으로 보이며, 이에 따라 나프탈렌과 휘난트렌의 경우 오염물질의 제거 기작이 주로 마이셀 내부에 형성된 소수성 pseudophase로 오염물질이 흡수되는 것으로 추측된다. Surfactants have been extensively considered for decontamination of the subsurface polluted with hydrophobic organic compounds. In order to investigate the effect of molecular structures on the solubilization of hydrophobic organic compounds, solubility enhancement of two PAHs in solutions of three different surfactants-conventional, dianionic, and gemini. The batch experimental results showed that the gemini was the most effective and the dianionic was the least, indicating that organic carbon content of the surfactants was the major factor which determines the sorption capacity of surfactant aggregates in water, unlike some of the previous reports.