노인 인구에서 신경인지기능저하와 혈청 지질농도와의 상관성

유영선,최석주,정성수,김지은,윤성욱,전동욱,백준형,박성우,이정구,추일한,김영훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.6

Objectives : In this study, the authors evaluated the correlation between eurocognitive impairments and serum lipids levels among Korean elderly over the age of 65. Methods : A total of 609 elderly individuals participated in this study. Screening for cognitive impairments were carried out using the Mini-Mental Status Examination-Korean version (MMSE-KC). There were 197 subjects above 1.5SD Of MMSE- KC and they were evaluated using the Korean versions of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (CERAD-KC) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-K). Results : There was a correlation between old age/low levels of education and AD (p<0.05, P<0.01). There was an inverse correlation between the serum level of total cholesterol and the word list recognition test scores. The serum levels of LDL cholesterol were inversely correlated with the scores on the constructional praxis test, word list recall test and word list recognition test. Inverse correlations between the serum level of triglyceride and scores on the word list recall test and word list recognition test were also observed. Conclusion : There were inverse correlations between the serum levels of lipids and language/memory function in subjects with AD.

양어용 사료첨가제로서 감귤발효액 (EM-Fermented Orange)의 항산화특성

문상욱,이영돈,이준백,고유봉 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.24 No.-

Mandarine orange (Citrus unshiu Marc.) only added with sugar was fermented by effective microorganisms (EM). called "EM-fermented orange". EM was mainly composed of lactic acid bacteria. phototrophic bacteria and yeast. As pH of EM-fermented orange reached 3.5 to 4.0 in the course of fermentation. the incubation was stopped. and then. EM-fermented orange was preservable at room temperature for about 6 months. Composition and concentration of free amino acids in EM-fermented orange were analyzed. Concentration of total amino acids was 167 mg/l. and the relative content of carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) which was well known as a kind of antioxidant materials was very high. 41%. In addition. crude extract showing antioxidant activity could be obtained from EM-fermented orange using some organic solvents. The antioxidant activity of the crude extract was equivalent to about 9% of that of vitamin E by the use of 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. It was suggested that EM-fermented orange having antioxidant characteristics could promote the health of fish.

MPLS의 GSMP 인터페이스에 관한 연구

차영욱,김진년,백현규 安東大學校 工業技術硏究所 2001 공업기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.1

계층 3의 라우팅과 계층 2의 레이블 스위칭 기술을 통합한 MPLS는 고속의 전달, 트래픽 엔지니어링 그리고 가상 사설망 서비스의 지원을 가능하게 한다. 레이블 스위치 및 제어기 사이에서 동작하는 GSMP 프로토콜을 연결, 구성, 장애, 성능관리 및 동기화 기능을 제공하는 개방형 인터페이스이다. 개방형 인터페이스는 다양한 융통성을 제공하는 반면에 전통적인 스위치-대-스위치 연결설정에 비하여 지연을 감수하여야 한다. GSMP 기반의 개방형 인터페이스에서 망 관리를 위한 SNMP에이전트는 레이블 스위치 또는 제어기에 탑재될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 MPLS네트워크의 전달평면과 제어평면사이에 적용된 GSMP 인터페이스에서 병렬형 연결설정 방안과 망 관리 모델에 대하여 제안하였다. MPLS, which integrates routing of layer 3 and switching of layer 2, enables support of fast forwarding, traffic engineering and virtual private network services. GSMP is open interface, which provides connection, configuration, event and performance management and adjacency protocol between label switch and controller. The GSMP open interface separates control plane and transport plane. This separation allows flexibility in the network, but it suffers more setup delay than the traditional switch-by-switch connection setup. In the GSMP open interface, the functions of network management will be located either in controller or in label switch. This paper proposes parallel mechanism of connection establishment and network management model, in which the GSMP open interface is applied between control plane and transport plane of the MPLS network.

양어용 사료첨가제로서 감귤발효액(EM-Fermented Orange)의 항산화특성

이준백,문상욱,이영돈,고유봉 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.24 No.-

Mandarine orange (Citrus unshiu Marc.) only added with sugar was fermented by effective microorganisms (EM) called "EM-fermented orange". EM was mainly composed of lactic acid bacteria, phototrophic bacteria and feast. As pH of EM-fermented orange reached 3.5 to 4.0 in the course of fermentation, the incubation was stopped. and then. EM-fermented orange was preservable at room temperature for about 6 months. Composition and concentration of free amino acids in EM-fermented orange were analyzed. Concentration of total amino acids was 167mg/l, and the relative content of carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) which was well known as a kind of antioxidant materials was very high. 41%. In addition. crude extract showing antioxidant activity could be obtained from EM-fermented orange using some organic solvents. The antioxidant activity of the crude extract was equivalent to about 9% of that of vitamin E by the use of 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. It was suggested that EM-fermented orange having antioxidant characteristics could promote the health of fish.

대뇌 기저핵 신경세포 일차배양에서 망간에 의해 유도된 Appoptosis : 형태학적인 소견

신동훈,김상표,정용욱,배재훈,송대규,백원기 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 본 실험은 대뇌기저핵의 신경세포를 배양하여 망간(MnCl₂)을 투여한 후 망간독성에 의한 신경세포의 apoptosis를 형태학적인 소견으로 관찰하였다. 방법 : 배양된 신경세포에 0.01에서 10μM Mnc12를 48시간동안 처리한 후 TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labelling)법 및 투과전자현미경학적으로 관찰하였다. 결과 : TUNEL방법을 이용하여 관찰한 결과 TUNEL반응에 갈색으로 양성반응을 나타내는apoptotic 세포의 수가 대조군에 비해 MnCl₂를 투여한 군에서 유의하게 높게 나타났으며(P〈0.05), 투과전자현미경학적 소견상 대조군의 신경세포들은 핵인(nucleolus)이 두드러지게 특징적으로 보이면서 핵막과 세포질내 소기관들이 잘 보존되어 있으며, 세포질내망(ER)과 사립체(mitochondria)를 특히 많이 가지고 있었다. Mnc12를 48시간 동안 처리한 군에서 이질염색질(heterochromatin)이 핵막으로 이동하면서 응집되어 있었으며, 핵내 불규칙한 형태의 염색질이 나타나 분절이 진행되는 소견을 보였고, Apoptosis의 가장 특징적인 초기 소견인 막으로 둘러싸인 반달모양의 핵내염색질의 분절편(fragment-ed chromatin)과 주위의 상대적으로 정상적인 소기관으로 구성된 apoptotic body를 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론 : 신경세포에서 망간에 의해 apoptosis가 유도됨을 형태학적인 방법으로 확인할 수 있었으며 망간에 의한 세포사망양상에 apoptosis가 하나의 기전이 될 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : Manganese is cytotoxic to the central nervous system including basal gan-glia. Its toxic mechanism is related to oxidative stress, mediated by toxic free radicals but is specultives. In the present study , we have investigated to manifest apoptosis in man-ganese-induced cytotoxicity in primary neuronal cell culture of rat basal ganglia. Methods : To detect apoptotic neuronal cells were stained by the terminal deoxynu-cleotide (TdT) -mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) method and apoptotic changesin nuclei of neurons were observed by electron microscopy. Results : We showed that TUNEL immunostain showed brownish signal in the nuclei of apoptotic cells and the proportions of apoptotic cells in Manganese treatment groups were more higher than controls. On transmission electron microscopy, there were chromatine condensation with margination toward nuclear membrane and condensation of cyto-plasm in the treated with luM MnCl²for 48 hours in a basal ganglia neurons. Apoptotic bodies were found and consisted of semilunar-like condensed nuclei with relatively intact cytoplasmic organelles. Conclusions : Apoptosis appears to be one mechanism in the manganese-induced net-ronal cell death. Manganese intoxication is a convenient model for apoptosis study.

인슐린의 세포사멸억제 작용에서 신호전달경로의 특성

허규희,허정식,김선욱,이영기,박덕배 제주대학교 생명과학기술혁신센터 2002 제주생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

Insulin has a variety of activities like as glucose uptake, inhibition of lipolysis, glycogen biosynthesis in a number of cells and tissues. Recently insulin has known to exert an antiapoptotic activity in different cell systems. However, it is not clear by which insulin can protect apoptosis cells from apoptosis. Thus, CHO cells expressing the human insulin receptors (CHO-IR) were used to evaluate the importances of different signaling steps activated by insulin in this process. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK/ERK cascade and the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt are two survival pathways that may be activated in response to insulin. We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of farnesylated Ras was casually related to manumycin-induced apoptosis and showed that the response to manumycin was found to be independent of K-Ras function. Moreover, blocking Ras/Raf-1/MEK/ERK cascade by the expression of a transdominant inhibitory mSOSI mutant in CHO-IR cells kept cells to sensitive to the antiapoptotic action of insulin. Insulin-dependent activation of Akt was blocked by 4th treatment with manumycin. This study suggest that the deplection of short-lived farnesylated proteins by manumycin suppresses the antiapoptotic action of insulin at least in part by disrupting Akt­activation but not of the K-Ras/Raf-1/MEK/ERK-dependent cascade.

Effects of the Modified TCO Sputtering Condition on ZnS/CIGS Solar Cell

Baek, Ju-Young,Park, Soon-Rok,Yun, Tae-Young,Han, Hye-Jin,Kim, Kyoung-Bo,Jeon, Chan-Wook Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2013 MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS - Vol.586 No.1

Prognostic Factors for Gallbladder Cancer in the Laparoscopy Era: Iatrogenic Bile Spillage Worsens the Prognosis

Young Hoon Kim,Ghap Joong Jung,Young Hoon Roh,Si Young Park,Nam Uk Kang,Soon Hwa Yoon,Jin Han Cho,Myung Hwan Roh,Sang Young Han,Sung Wook Lee,Yang Hyun Baek,Jin Sook Jeong 한국간담췌외과학회 2012 한국간담췌외과학회 학술대회지 Vol.2012 No.4

Intravenous Administration of Toll-Like Receptor Inhibitory Peptide 1 is Effective for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Mus musculus Model

( Wook-young Baek ),( Sung-min Lee ),( Sang-won Lee ),( In-ok Son ),( Sangdun Choi ),( Chang-hee Suh ) 대한류마티스학회 2021 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Objective. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. According to recent studies, signaling through Toll-like receptor (TLR) protein, which promotes the production of inflammatory cytokines, leads to the development of SLE. TLR-inhibitory peptide 1 (TIP1) has been newly identified for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Methods. The effect of TIP1 was analyzed in an SLE mouse model (MRL/lpr). The mice in the control treatment group (n=5) were administered an intravenous injection of phosphate-buffered saline twice weekly, whereas the mice in the TIP1 treatment group (n=6) were administered an intravenous injection of TIP1 (1 nmol/g) twice weekly. MRL/mpj mice (n=5) were selected as normal controls. The mice were injected for 4 weeks between 14 and 18 weeks of age, followed by assays of their spleen, kidneys, lymph nodes, serum, and urine. Results. The antinuclear antibody and inflammatory cytokine (interferon-α) in the serum as well as levels of albumin in the urine of the mice in the TIP1 treatment group had decreased when compared to those of mice in the control treatment group. Kidney inflammation in mice in the TIP1 treatment group was alleviated. The mRNA expression levels of TLR7- or TLR9-related downstream signaling molecules also decreased in all organs of the mice in the TIP1 treatment group. Conclusion. Intravenous treatment with TIP1 reduces symptoms and markers of inflammation in MRL/lpr mice. Hence, TIP1 is a promising medication for the treatment of SLE. (J Rheum Dis 2021;28:133-142)

Association with Body Mass Index and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma According Liver Disorder Status

( Baek Gyu Jun ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Don Kim ),( Gab Jin Cheon ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Sang-wook Yi ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Body mass index (BMI) is known to be associated with higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the general population. However, the association between BMI and risk of HCC in patients with various liver disease is not well understood. Methods: We used data from National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) that provides compulsory health insurance coverage and national health screening for all citizens in the Republic of Korea. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox regression models to examine associations between body mass index (BMI) and risk of HCC. We included 15016551 adults (aged 18-99 years) who underwent health examinations between 2003 and 2006, in the NHIS database. Participants were classified into six groups according to the liver diseases; liver cirrhosis (LC), hepatitis B or C virus infection (HBVHCV), other liver disease (O-LD), unidentified liver disease with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≥40 or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥40 (ALT40), no known liver diseases with 20≤ALT<40 or 20≤AST<40 IU/ml (ALT2040), and ALT<20 and AST<20 (ALT20). Results: During mean 13.7 years of follow-up. HCC occurred in 71570 individuals. In total population, BMI had a non-linear association with HCC. In BMI above 25 kg/m², BMI was positively associated with risk of HCC regardless of liver disorder. In the multivariable adjusted analysis, the HR per 5 kg/m² increase in BMI above 25 kg/m² was 1.48 (95% CI 1.44-1.52) in total population, 1.11 (95% CI 1.00-1.23) in LC, 1.12 (95% CI 1.44-1.52) in HBVHCV, 1.32 (95% CI 1.22-1.44) in O-LD, 1.07 (95% CI 1.03-1.12) in ALT40, 1.47 (95% CI 1.38-1.57) in ALT2040, 1.67 (95% CI 1.32-2.09) in ALT20. In the subgroup analysis for the HCC high-risk group, the HR of HCC (95% CI) for a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was 1.21 in HBV-LC (1.01-1.46), 1.13 in other LC (1.08-1.19) and 1.15 in HBV without LC (1.04- 1.27), 1.14 in HCV without LC (0.92 -1.40) and 1.05 in HCV-LC (0.64-1.74). Associations between BMI and risk of HCC in HBV (HR; 1.46 vs 1.05), HCV (HR; 1.30 vs 0.92) and LC (HR; 1.28 vs 1.02) patients were stronger in female than in male. Conclusions: Our study showed that BMI was positively associated with risk of HCC regardless of liver disorder in BMI above 25 kg/m². As the severity of liver disease weakened, the association between increased BMI and HCC became stronger. Inpatients with HBV, HCV, and LC, the harmful effects of higher BMI on HCC risk was stronger in women than in men.