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김윤옥, 박성미 공주교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2005 초등학교교육연구 = Elementary school education research Vol.5 No.-
The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the actual condition of the year 2005 transferred students in the Gongju National Univ. of Education in terms of their demography, family background, social economic status, attitudes toward the University, values, psychological characteristics, attitudes toward the Research and Service Center for Students. Among 123 transferred students, 122 (99.1%) students replied to the investigation and were analyzed. The results lead to the following implications. First, most students’ age distribution went up due to the policy of the Ministry of Education to give an opportunity to those with teacher certificate who have never hired since 1970s. Second, they showed high expectancy toward becoming a teacher. Third, they revealed significant consideration about the moral and self-centered problems in the society. Fourth, they might be necessary for counseling or psychological supports to survive in the campus life because the age discrepancy between the transferred and normal undergraduate students are too wide to get along with each other in a campus, and they were worry about survival on the campus. Fifth, they revealed less problem about social relationships but more worries on faculty-student relationship, which seems to be related to their age.
생태 유아교육에 대한 교수, 원장 및 교사의 인식에 관한 연구
임재택,김성옥 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2000 영유아보육연구 Vol.6 No.-
The purpose of this research is to find out the level of understandings of professors, directors, and teachers about ecology centered early childhood education. This research is to outline the direction the ecology centered early childhood education should take. Below are the research problems that are dealt with in this research. First, what are the understandings of professors, directors, and teachers about the status of current ecology system? Second, what are the understandings of professors, directors, and teachers to the present early childhood education? Third, what are the understanding of professors, directors, and teachers about ecology centered early childhood education? Fourth, what are the ideas of professors, directors, and teachers about the preconditions and problems that arise when practicing the ecology centered early childhood education? The research targets used in this research are a total of 526 people ; 71 professors from the departments of Early Childhood Education and Child & Family Studies located in the Pusan, Ulsan, Kyung-nam areas and 88 directors and 367 teachers of both private and public kindergartes and child care centers. The research tool used for this research is a questionnaire asking the 'understandings of professors, directers and teachers about the ecology centered early childhood education' that has 48 questions including the forty cπle 5-ponts rating scale asking about each research target. The summaries of the important results of this research are listed below. First, for the understanding of the ecology system, all three research targets did not have the tendency for firmly favoring the ecology system. However, they recognize the crisis of environment and know why this crisis is occurring, Also, they have the understanding that to know why this crisis one has to know the limits of technology, the policy of the government has to be changed, and proper education has to be given. Second, to the understanding of the present early childhood education, there are some difference of understandings, but they recognized that the present early childhood education is not nature based but mostly technology based and they are not satisfied with the present system. This shows that they understand that the present technology oriented early childhood education has to be changed to the ecology early childhood education. Third, for this change to happen, new ecology centered early childhood education programs have to be made and applied, Also, the present early childhood education with the education system of promoting teachers and directors has to be changed to a whole new direction.
Seong, Jin Hyo,Kim, Dong Kie,Shin, Kwang Yong,Kim, Byung Ock,Kim, Myong Soo,Kim, Mi Kwang,Kook, Joong Ki 대한구강보건학회 2002 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.26 No.4
본 연구는 치주질환과 관련된 병원성 세균 중 그람 음성 협기성 세균 종인 Prevorella intermedia (P. intermedia)와 Prevotella nigrescens (P. nigrescens)를 동시에 동정 및 검출할 수 있는 중합효소연쇄반응 프라이머를 개발하기 위하여 시행하였다. 모든 세균 종에 있어서 165 라이보송 RNA의 염기서 열에는 잘 보존된 부위와 종에 따라 다양한 부위가 있다. 이러한 특성을 이용하여 P. nigrescens와 P. intermedia의 알려진 165라이보솜 RNA의 염기서 열을 분석하여 두 세균 종에 공동으로 존재하는 하나의 프라이머와 각각의 세균 종에 특이하게 존재하는 다른 프라이머를 설계 및 제작하였으며, 이때 설계된 프라이머의 이름을 각각 Pin-F, Pi-R 및 Pn-R이라고 명명하였다. 이들의 종 특이성을 조사하기 위해 두 균주의 P. intermedia와 P. nigrescens지놈 DNA를 추출하여, 종 특이성을 중합효소연쇄반응법으로 관찰하였다. 이때 구강 내 6가지 다른 세균 종에서 같은 방법으로 중합효소연쇄반응을 실시한 결과 P. nigrescens와 P. intermedia 두 종만을 특이하게 검출함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 민감도를 조사하기 위해 두 세균 종에서 추출한 지놈 DNA를 4 ng에서 4 fg까지 희석하여 중합효소연쇄반응을 실시한 결과 400 fg의 지놈 DNA까지도 검출할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 종합할 때 이들 Pin-F, Pi-R 및 Pn-R프라이머 쌍은 P. inermedia와 P. nigrescens를 동시에 종특이적이며, 민감도 높게 검출 및 동정할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
폐의 편평 상피암과 급성 골수성 백혈병이 병발된 1 예
김남재,박종우,이영,송규상,홍석철,김선영,김삼용,김주옥,한표성 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.43 No.2
The article is a case report of synchronous double primary cancer. The patient had squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and acute myeloblastic leukemia, which were confirmed by bronchoscopic and bone marrow biopsies. He had received left upper lobectomy for lung cancer and low-dose Ara-c and Etoposide (VP-16) for AML (M₁, type). The articles of multiple primary cancers were reviewed.
Annual Case Volume and One-Year Mortality for Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Kim Jun Yup,Kang Jihoon,Kim Beom Joon,Kim Seong-Eun,Kim Do Yeon,Lee Keon-Joo,Park Hong-Kyun,Cho Yong-Jin,박종무,Lee Kyung Bok,Cha Jae-Kwan,Lee Ji Sung,Lee Juneyoung,Yang Ki Hwa,Hong Ock Ran,Shin Ji Hyeon 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.36
Background: The association between endovascular treatment (EVT) case volume per hospital and clinical outcomes has been reported, but the exact volume threshold has not been determined. This study aimed to examine the case volume threshold in this context. Methods: National audit data on the quality of acute stroke care in patients admitted via emergency department, within 7 days of onset, in hospitals that treated ≥ 10 stroke cases during the audit period were analyzed. Ischemic stroke cases treated with EVT during the last three audits (2013, 2014, and 2016) were selected for the analysis. Annual EVT case volume per hospital was estimated and analyzed as a continuous and a categorical variable (in quartiles). The primary outcome measure was 1-year mortality as a surrogate of 3-month functional outcome. As post-hoc sensitivity analysis, replication of the study results was examined using the 2018 audit data. Results: We analyzed 1,746 ischemic stroke cases treated with EVT in 120 acute care hospitals. The median annual EVT case volume was 12.0 cases per hospital, and mortality rates at 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year were 12.7%, 16.6%, and 23.3%, respectively. Q3 and Q4 had 33% lower odds of 1-year mortality than Q1. Adjustments were made for predetermined confounders. Annual EVT case volume cut-off value for 1-year mortality was 15 cases per year (P < 0.02). The same cut-off value was replicated in the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: Annual EVT case volume was associated with 1-year mortality. The volume threshold per hospital was 15 cases per year.
생활의 질적 향상을 위한 부엌의 작업대 및 수납장에 관한 연구
김여은,김은주,김재희,김현애,김희경,성은희,옥여명,이선희,전연희,조성진 연세대학교 생활과학대학 1985 婦學 Vol.18 No.-
The purpose of this study was to examine present conditions of kitchen work centers and cabinets and to determine responses of residents in relation to them. The sample comprised of 42 households in Seoul. A questionnaire was developed, which consisted of three parts; sociodemographic information of the households, present conditions of kitchen work centers and cabinets, and their responses in relation to them. Data was analyzed by hand, using frequency and percentage. Findings from this study were as follows: 1. L shape and one wall kitchen shape were dominated, 55.0% and 32.0% respectively. The kitchen work centers were arranged most frequently in sequence of refrigerator center, sink center, mixing center, cooking center, and serving center. 2. Widths/heights of kitchen work centers and cabinets were close to the recommended measurements, however the vertical distance between the top line of kitchen work centers and the bottom line of wall cabinets showed higher than the recommended measurement. 3. Residents were satisfied to some degree with the sequence of arrangement, heights, widths, design, and color of kitchen work centers and cabinets, however they need more storage space. 4. The functional aspect and design were the major factors influenced residents' decision making for the buying behavior of the kitchen work centers and cabinets.
Kim, Dong-Hoon,Kim, Seok-Hyung,Lee, Ok-Jun,Huang, Song-Mei,Kwon, Ju-Lee,Kim, Jin Man,Kim, Ji-Yeon,Seong, In Ock,Song, Kyu Sang,Kim, Kyung-Hee Gutenberg 2013 Histology and histopathology Vol.28 No.11
<P>Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a transcriptional co-activator and functions as a nuclear downstream effector of the Hippo pathway. Differential expression of YAP and phosphorylated Yes-associated protein (pYAP), which are involved in the expression of Ki-67 and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC), is not clear. Herein, we hypothesized that nuclear expression of YAP could predict cell proliferation and poor prognosis, while cytoplasmic expression of pYAP would show a reverse correlation with cell proliferation. Paraffin-embedded samples from 144 CRAC patients were studied using immunohistochemistry for YAP, pYAP, Ki-67 and pERK. Frozen samples from 20 CRAC patients were examined for YAP mRNA in tumor and non-tumor tissues, using quantitative real-time PCR. High nuclear YAP expression coincided with high Ki-67 expression (P=0.002). The high nuclear YAP expression group tended to display a poor overall and disease-free survival (P=0.089 and P=0.089, respectively), but YAP mRNA levels in the 20 CRAC tissues were not significantly different in comparison with the 20 non-tumor tissues (P=0.929). We observed an inverse correlation between high cytoplasmic pYAP expression and high Ki-67 expression (P=0.001). Nuclear pERK expression was positively correlated with nuclear YAP expression, but negatively correlated with cytoplasmic pYAP expression (P=0.017 and P=0.020, respectively). Activated nuclear YAP and inactivated cytoplasmic pYAP in CRAC showed a positive correlation with Ki-67 and nuclear pERK expression, suggesting that the expression of YAP and pYAP is a possible predictor of tumor cell proliferation and prognosis in CRAC.</P>