傷寒論에 대한 精神醫學的 硏究

文相泰,辛容玹,具炳壽 대한한방신경정신과학회 2000 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.11 No.1

This study was aimed to get the course which is caused by Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Sang-Han. Therefore this study is based on 『Euhak-Ipmun. Sang-Han』(『醫學入門.傷寒』) classfied mainly by symptoms. The results were summerized as follows: 1. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in 『Euhak-Ipmun. Sang-Han』(『醫學入門. 傷寒』) are explained as Pal-Gang(八綱), which shows those are settled down to a systematic oriental medical theory. 2. Pal-Bup (八法) used in the cure of symptomatische psychose in 『Euhak-Ipmun. Sang-Han』(『醫學入門. 傷寒』), which is intended to boost the effect of cure, choosing the respondent cure method about various causes. 3. Pal-Gang(八綱) and Pal-Bup(八法) in『Euhak-Ipmun. Sang-Han』(『醫學入門·傷寒』) are improved by Lee-Chun(李 ) who added Jang-gi(張機)'s Sang Han theory and new medical thought in the ages of Geum. Won. 4. Lee-Chun(李 ) believed that Neuropsychiatric symptoms which appeared in Sang Hang is caused by the "Unbalance(不平)". So he wanted to reach harmony of "Jeong(精), QI(氣), Shin(神), Hyul(血)" after improving the status of "Unbalance(『不平』)" toward the status of "Balance(平)".

A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea

Yong Sung Choi,정성훈,김은선,Eun Sun Kim,Eunhee Lee,Euiseok Jung,So-Yeon Lee,이우령,Hye Sun Yoon,Yong Joo Kim,Ji Kyoung Park,Son Moon Shin,Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim 대한신생아학회 2022 Neonatal medicine Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Pediatricians have a significant responsibility to educate mothers about the importance of breastfeeding. However, there have been minimal efforts in the courses of resident training in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude before and after a 4-week breastfeeding educational intervention among multicenter residents. Methods: Prospective interventional educational research was designed for residents at eight training hospitals in Korea. Institutional reviews were obtained in each hospital. The education curriculum consisted of 14 courses regarding breastfeeding theory and practice. These materials were used to teach pediatric residents for 4 weeks. Knowledge-based tests were administered before the course, and re-tests were administered after the course using different test items of similar levels. Test scores and survey responses were compared before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 73 residents (1st year 20, 2nd year 23, 3rd year 16, and 4th year residents 14) from eight training hospitals completed the intervention. Their average age was 30.3±2.9 years, 17 (23.3%) were male, 22 (30.1%) were married, and eight had more than one child of their own. The mean pre-test score was 61.8±13.4 and the mean post-test score was 78.3±7.5 (P<0.001). The inter-grade difference in the score was significant in the pre-test (P=0.005), but not significant in the post-test (P=0.155). There were more responses of obtaining confidence after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, pediatric residents showed improvement in their knowledge and confidence level after 4 weeks of the breastfeeding curriculum. This will provide a basis for future policymaking in the training of pediatric residents regarding breastfeedReceived: 6 January 2022 Revised: 15 February 2022 Accepted: 15 February 2022 Correspondence to: Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3390 Fax: +82-2-3010-6978 E-mail: arkim@amc.seoul.kr A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea Yong-Sung Choi, MD,PhD1, Sung-Hoon Chung, MD, PhD2, Eun Sun Kim, MD, PhD3, Eun Hee Lee, MD4, Euiseok Jung, MD5, So Yeon Lee, MD, PhD5, Wooryoung Lee, MD6, Hye Sun Yoon, MD, PhD7, Yong Joo Kim, MD, PhD8, Ji Kyoung Park, MD, PhD9, Son Moon Shin, MD, PhD9, and Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD, PhD5 1Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea 2Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea 4Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 5Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 7Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea 8Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 9Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 pISSN 2287-9412 . eISSN 2287-9803 Copyright(c) 2022 By Korean Society of Neonatology This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article 29 Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 ing in Korea.

단순다각형의 최단 외부가시선분을 구하는 최적 알고리즘

이승용(Seung-Yong Lee),신성용(Sung Yong Shin),좌경룡(Kyung-Yong Chwa) 한국정보과학회 1991 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.18 No.1

다각형 P의 내부를 지나지 않는 선분 L로 부터 P의 경계가 모두 보이면 L을 P의 외부가시선분이라 한다. Shin은 정점이 n개인 다각형 P가 주어졌을 때 P의 외부가시선분이 존재하는 가를 조사하고 존재할 경우 외부가시선분을 구하는 O(nlogn) 시간 알고리즘을 제시하였고 Bhattacharya 등은 다각형의 sector 가시성을 이용하여 같은 문제가 O(n) 시간에 해결됨을 보였다. Bhattacharya와 Toussaint은 주어진 다각형이 정점이 n개인 볼록다각형일 때 최단 외부가시선분을 구하는 O(n) 시간 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서는 정점이 n개인 단순다각형 P가 주어졌을 때 P의 최단 외부가시선분을 구하는 O(n) 시간 알고리즘을 제시한다.

실용음악 전공 학생들의 발성치료 전후 성대 및 음성 특성 비교

황연신,심미란,김철준,최용석,김상연,최찬호,선동일,Hwang, Yeon Shin,Shim, Mi Ran,Kim, Chul Jun,Choi, Yong Suk,Kim, Sang Yeon,Choi, Chan Ho,Sun, Dong Il 대한후두음성언어의학회 2016 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives : Many students major in applied music singing have various difficulties in phonation when they sing or perform. But the studies about this cause are lack. The purpose of this study is whether singing voice therapy based on vocal music is effective or not to applied music singing students that have difficulties in phonation. Materials and Methods : Singing voice therapy program had been done to 8 students major in applied music singing during 7 weeks. We did laryngeal stroboscope, perceptual, acoustic and aerodynamic examination before and after singing voice therapy to this students. And we studied post examination results have differences or improvements compared to pre examination results. Results : Four male students don't have effective improvement after singing voice therapy but they shows slight improvement in aerodynamic examination values compared to pre examination values. Four female students shows improvement in aerodynamic examination values and pitch range increasing. Above all, one student's vocal nodules disappeared after singing voice therapy. Conclusion : Singing voice therapy based on music singing is very effective to the students major in applied music singing. Above all, their curriculum in applied music singing should include phonation training based on music singing before training perform and technic practices.

播種期 및 育苗日數가 黃色種 담배의 初期生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

申周植,盧載榮,裵吉寬,朴相一 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1984 煙草硏究 Vol.11 No.-

This experiment was carried out to study the influence of different sowing time, seedling age (the degree of delayed setting) and seedlingbed materials on the growth and yield components of flue-cured tobacco. The variety applied was N.C. 2326, was sown on March 1,11,21 and 31. Those plants were transplanted on the seeding bed mixed humus with sand at the ratio of humus 9 : sand 1 and humus 3: sand 7, 25 days after sowing. Seedlings were grown for 40, 50, 60 and 70 days (from sowing to setting) on the seed bed and seedling bed, and set on the pots (1/5,000a) in the vinyl house. The results obtained were as forlows . 1.The amount of growth of seedlings increased by late sowing and delayed setting. 2.Until the time before the maximum growth stage after setting, stem heigth was larger in the plots of late sowing and delayed setting. After the middle part of maximum growth stage, the earner the sewing time was, the more remarkable the influence of seedling age on the stem elongation was and the larder the seedling age was, the more remarkable the influence of sowing time on the stem elongation was. 3.Stem diameter was large in the plot to late sowing until the early part of maximum growth stage but after the middle part of maximum growth stage the diameter was large in the plants sown at March 11 and March 21. 4.The number of leaves per plant increased by late sowing and delayed setting shown significant difference after maximum growth stage. 5.Late setting made the stem height high and number of leaves per plant more. The size of largest leaf was small in the plot of early sowing and large in the plot set after May 10. 6.It takes more days to reach a topping time from sowing and setting in the case of early sowing and early setting. 7.In early sowing plots, the leaf area of lugs and cutlers decreased by younger seedling age, and in late sowing plots, that decreased by older seedling age. The leaf area of leaf and tip at different treatments showed similar results, but in the plots sown at March 11 and 21, largest leaf was shown in the plot of 50- day seedlings. The area of green tip decreased by late seeding and delayed setting. As a result of theses the plant type showed sylindrical in the plot of early sowing and younger seedling age, and cone shape in the plot of late sewing and older seedling age. 8.The earlier the sowing time and the younger the seedling age were, the heavier the weight of unit leaf area of lugs and cutters, but there were little influences of different sowing time and seedling age on the weight of unit leaf area of leaf, tip and green tip. The percentage of dry matter showed similar tendency to the results of weight of unit leaf area. 9.Late sowing (March, 31) decreases the weight of a cured leaf. Weight of cured cutter was largest in the plots sowing March 1 and that of leaf tip and green tip was largest in the plots sowing March 11 and March 21. The weight of cured lugs was largest in 40 and 50-day seedlings, and that of tip and green tip was largest in 50-day seedlings. There were little differences of weight of a cutter and leaf among the treatments of different seedling age. 10.In 40- day seedlings, the area and weight of leaves per plant increased by late sowing, and in 70-day seedlings, those increased by early sowing. In 50 and 60-day seedlings, those were highest in the plots sown at March 11 and March 21. Largest weight and area of leaves per plant was shown in the plot set on May 10, and the plots set on April 10, and June 1 showed significantly low weight of loaves per plant. 11.Late sowing and older seedling age increased the leaf thickness of those leaves. Different sowing time and the seedling age did not influence on the leaf area contraction ratio and leaf thickness of leaf, tip and green tip. 12.There were significantly negative correlation between leaf area of lug and cutter and weight per unit leaf area, percentage of dry matter and leaf thickness of the lug and cutters, but no correlation between those characters of leaf, tip and green tip. Weight per unit leaf area correlated positively with percentage of dry matter and specific leaf weight in all stalk position. In the lug and cutter, weight per unit leaf area correlated positively with leaf thickness and negatively with leaf area contraction between weight per unit leaf area and leaf area contraction ratio. There were negative correlation between leaf thickness and leaf area contractions of lugs and cutters, and no correlation between those characters of leaf, tip and green tip. 13.There were not significant effects of seedling bed materials applied in this experiment on the growth after setting and yield components.

최근 광주지역에서 분리된 황색포도상구균의 항생제 내성

신성희,장정수,임용 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

본 연구를 통해 얻어진 연구결과를 요약하면 광주지방에서 분리된 황색포도상구균의 항생제 내성율은 AMXCCV, CPFX, CLM, EM, GM, OXAC, PCV, SXT, VM, CTX, IMPM에 대해 각각 61.0, 65.3, 50.0, 76.5, 76.6, 66.9, 96.7, 15.6, 0, 87.5, 95.5%로 조사되었다. 각각의 항생제에 대해 내성을 보이는 균과 감수성을 보이는 균으로 양분한 다음 다른 항생제들에 대한 감수성 정도를 조사한 결과에 의하면 각각의 항생제에 대해 내성을 보이는 균들은 감수성을 보이는 균들에 비해 다른 항생제에 대해서도 감수성이 낮았다. MRSA는 약 67%로 비교적 높은 비율로 분리되었으나 최근 5년 동안 비율이 크게 변화되지 않았다. MRSA는 사용한 항생제 중 SXT와 VM에 대해서만 높은 감수성을 보였을 뿐 효과가 있는 것으로 알려졌던 다른 항생제들에 대해서는 높은 내성율을 보였다. Objectives : The emergence of Staphylococcus aureus showing multi-drug resistance emphasizes the importance of the prudent use of antibiotics. To survey and obtain the basic information for reappraisal of practical usefulness, we investigated the profiles of antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolated recently in Gwangju area. Materials and Methods : S. aureus was isolated from community-hospitals in Gwangju and finally identified by coagulase test. The standard disc diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility test. Results : The resistance ratio of S. aureus against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, oxacillin, phenoxymethyl penicillin, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, vancomycin, cefotaxime, and imipenem/cilastatin was 61.0, 65.3, 50.0, 76.5, 76.6, 66.9, 96.7, 15.6, 0, 87.5, and 95.5%, respectively. Resistant strains to each antibiotic were more resistant to the other antibiotics than susceptible strains. The ratio of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (ORSA) in this area has not increased for recent five years. However, the resistance of ORSA against cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin has increased significantly. ORSA was still susceptible to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (78.3%) and vancomycin (100%) Conclusion : These results offer the latest information about the antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus in Gwangju area and will be used hr reappraisal and selection of antibiotics effective against S. aureus.

Endothelin-1으로 유도된 가토의 뇌혈관연축 모델에서 지주막하강내로 투여된 Nitroglycerine의 효과

신용삼,허승곤,이규성,이규창 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.8

천연 활엽수림의 입지 유형별 미기후 추정과 직경생장과의 관계 : 강원도 평창 지역 국유림을 중심으로 A Case Study on the National Forest in Pyungchung, Kangwon Province

신만용,정상영,이돈구 한국농림기상학회 2001 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.3 No.1

This study was conducted to estimate microclimate of natural deciduous forest in national forest of Pyungchang, Kangwon province and to investigate the effects of the microclimatic conditions on the periodic annual increment of diameter by site types. In this study, site was first classified by nine types considering both elevation (higher than 1,000 m, 700~1,000 m, and lower than 700 m) and topographical conditions (ridge, slope and valley). For each of site types, diameter growth was measured by using increment borer and periodic annual increment of diameter was then analyzed. A topoclimatological technique, for estimating microclimatic conditions, which make use of empirical relationships between the topographical factor and the climatic normals in the study area was applied to produce monthly mean, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, precipitation and hours of sunshine. From these monthly estimtes, 17 weather variables such as warmth index, coldness index, index of aridity etc. which affect the diameter growth were computed for each of site types. The periodic annual increment of diameter was then correlated with and regressed on the 17 weather variables to examine effects of microclimatic conditions on the diameter growth by site types. From the correlation analysis, it was found that the diameter growth by site types was positively correlated with all of 17 weather variables except the warmth index. Especially, the conditions such as high relative humidity and large amount of sunshine hours provide favorable environment for the growth of diameter. On the other hand, it was also found that diameter growth was negatively influenced by warmth index. According to the regression analysis, the periodic annual increment of diameter could be well predicted by index of aridity and mean relative humidity for the growing season.

직장암 환자의 술 전 병기 결정에 있어서 전산화 단층 촬영의 의의

신용덕,백승언,신연명,오경승 대한대장항문학회 1995 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.11 No.3

비정질 와이어의 자기특성 측정시스템

신용진,정병두,진성빈 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.-

In this paper, we mention the implementation and the experiments of a magnetic properties measurement system about amorphous wire in weak magnetic field. By adding an op-amp of high magnification to a traditional properties measurement system the measurement system fully operates the functions in the weak magnetic field less than 0.1[Oe]. As the result we can find large Barkhausen jump