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Photocatalytic study of Zinc Oxide with bismuth doping prepared by spray pyrolysis
Lin, Tzu-Yang,Hsu, Yu-Ting,Lan, Wen-How,Huang, Chien-Jung,Chen, Lung-Chien,Huang, Yu-Hsuan,Lin, Jia-Ching,Chang, Kuo-Jen,Lin, Wen-Jen,Huang, Kai-Feng Techno-Press 2015 Advances in nano research Vol.3 No.3
The unintentionally doped and bismuth (Bi) doped zinc oxide (ZnO) films were prepared by spray pyrolysis at $450^{\circ}C$ with zinc acetate and bismuth nitrate precursor. The n-type conduction with concentration $6.13{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$ can be observed for the unintentionally doped ZnO. With the increasing of bismuth nitrate concentration in precursor, the p-type conduction can be observed. The p-type concentration $4.44{\times}10^{17}cm^{-3}$ can be achieved for the film with the Bi/Zn atomic ratio 5% in the precursor. The photoluminescence spectroscopy with HeCd laser light source was studied for films with different Bi doping. The photocatalytic activity for the unintentionally doped and Bi-doped ZnO films was studied through the photodegradation of Congo red under UV light illumination. The effects of different Bi contents on photocatalytic activity are studied and discussed. Results show that appropriate Bi doping in ZnO can increase photocatalytic activity.
Kai Wen,Baiqing Xiong,Yongan Zhang,Zhihui Li,Xiwu Li,Shuhui Huang,Lizhen Yan,Hongwei Yan,Hongwei Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.3
In the present work, the infl uence of various retrogression treatments on hardness, electrical conductivity and mechanicalproperties of a high Zn-containing Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy is investigated and several retrogression regimes subjected to a samestrength level are proposed. The precipitates are qualitatively investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques. Based on the matrix precipitate observations, thedistributions of precipitate size and nearest inter-precipitate distance are extracted from bright-fi eld TEM images projectedalong ⟨110⟩ Al orientation with the aid of an imaging analysis and an arithmetic method. The results show that GP zonesand η′ precipitates are the major precipitates and the precipitate size and its distribution range continuously enlarge with theretrogression regime expands to an extent of high temperature. The nearest inter-precipitate distance ranges obtained arequite the same and the average distance of nearest inter-precipitates show a slight increase. The infl uence of precipitates onmechanical properties is discussed through the interaction relationship between precipitates and dislocations.
Surface nanocrystallization and its properties of a rare earth magnesium alloy induced by HVOF―SMB
Kai-dong Xu,Ji-na Wang,Ai-hua Wang,Hua Yan,Xiang-lin Zhang,Zao-wen Huang 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
The nanocrystalline microstructure in the surface of a rare earth magnesium alloy induced by a new process named HVOF―SMB (high velocity oxygen-fuel flame supersonic microparticles bombarding) has been characterized by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The effects of HVOF―SMB on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy have been investigated by microhardness distribution and polarization curves, and the cross-sectional observation of the treated Mg alloy sample has been characterized by optical microscopy (OM). Results showed that HVOF―SMB can induce surface nanocrystallization with a grain size level less than 20 nm at topmost surface layer, and the microhardness at the top surface layer increases up to about 170 HV_0.025 which is twice more than that of the substrate. The grain size increases as well as the microhardness decreases gradually with the depth varying from surface to substrate. The potentiodynamic polarization curves indicate that the HVOF―SMB treated surfaces show lower corrosion resistance in comparison with the untreated magnesium alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution. The underlying mechanism of the electrochemical properties on the nanocrystalline Mg-based alloy’s surface induced by severe plastic deformation in corrosion resistance is discussed.
Effects of post anneal for the INZO films prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
Lan, Wen-How,Li, Yue-Lin,Chung, Yu-Chieh,Yu, Cheng-Chang,Chou, Yi-Chun,Wu, Yi-Da,Huang, Kai-Feng,Chen, Lung-Chien Techno-Press 2014 Advances in nano research Vol.2 No.4
Indium-nitrogen co-doped zinc oxide thin films (INZO) were prepared on glass substrates in the atmosphere by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The aqueous solution of zinc acetate, ammonium acetate and different indium sources: indium (III) chloride and indium (III) nitrate were used as the precursors. After film deposition, different anneal temperature treatment as 350, 450, $550^{\circ}C$ were applied. Electrical properties as concentration and mobility were characterized by Hall measurement. The surface morphology and crystalline quality were characterized by SEM and XRD. With the activation energy analysis for both films, the concentration variation of the films at different heat treatment temperature was realized. Donors correspond to zinc related states dominate the conduction mechanism for these INZO films after $550^{\circ}C$ high temperature heat treatment process.
Development of an Intelligent and Hybrid Scheme for Rapid INS Alignment
Yun-Wen Huang,Kai-Wei Chiang 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1 No.-
This article propose a new idea of developing a hybrid scheme to achieve faster INS alignment with higher accuracy using a novel procedure to estimate the initial attitude angles that combines a Kalman filter and Adaptive Neuro- Fuzzy Inference System architecture. A tactical grade inertial measurement unit was applied to verify the performance of proposed scheme in this study. The preliminary results indicated the outstanding improvements in both time consumption for fine alignment process and accuracy of estimated attitude angles, especially in heading angles. In general, the improvement in terms of time consumption and the accuracy of estimated attitude estimated accuracy reached 80% and 70% respectively during alignment process after compensating the attitude angles estimated by an extended Kalman filter with 15 states using proposed approach. It is worth mentioned that the proposed approach can be implemented in general real time navigation applications.
An Emission-Aware Day-Ahead Power Scheduling System for Internet of Energy
( Chenn-jung Huang ),( Kai-wen Hu ),( An-feng Liu ),( Liang-chun Chen ),( Chih-ting Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.10
As a subset of the Internet of Things, the Internet of Energy (IoE) is expected to tackle the problems faced by the current smart grid framework. Notably, the conventional day-ahead power scheduling of the smart grid should be redesigned in the IoE architecture to take into consideration the intermittence of scattered renewable generations, large amounts of power consumption data, and the uncertainty of the arrival time of electric vehicles (EVs). Accordingly, a day-ahead power scheduling system for the future IoE is proposed in this research to maximize the usage of distributed renewables and reduce carbon emission caused by the traditional power generation. Meanwhile, flexible charging mechanism of EVs is employed to provide preferred charging options for moving EVs and flatten the load profile simultaneously. The simulation results revealed that the proposed power scheduling mechanism not only achieves emission reduction and balances power load and supply effectively, but also fits each individual EV user’s preference.
Research on Li0.3Na0.18K0.52NO3 promoted Mg20Al-CO3 LDH/GO composites for CO2 capture
Ying Yang,Kai Chen,Liang Huang,Min Li,Taiping Zhang,Mi Zhong,Ping Ning,Junya Wang,Shikun Wen 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.102 No.-
It has been reported that the addition of graphene oxide (GO) can increase the dispersion and heterogeneousnucleation of layered double hydroxide (LDH), thus providing more active sites, which is more conduciveto CO2 adsorption. Herein, we reported alkali metal nitrates ((Li0.3Na0.18K0.52)NO3) promoted LDHand GO composites (LDH/GO) as adsorbents for CO2 capture. The influence of mass ratio of LDH to GO, theimpregnation ratio of alkali metal nitrates, the calcination and adsorption temperature, as well as thecycling stability were investigated systematically. The results indicated that the CO2 capture capacityof LDH/GO composite with 30 mol% (Li0.3Na0.18K0.52)NO3 could reach 4.51 mmol g 1, which was 5.86times higher than LDH/GO1 without loading alkali metal nitrates. Moreover, it had outstanding CO2adsorption capacity in the range from 200 C to 320 C. In addition, the cyclic adsorption and desorptiontest manifested that the CO2 uptake of the material can reach 3.07 mmol g 1 after 22 cycles. We believethat this study will give a significant contribution to fabrication of LDH based composites as CO2 adsorbentsin future study.
Design and Implementation of Power-Saving Multicast Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks
Yu-Zhi Huang,Wen-Jiunn Liu,Kai-Ten Feng 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.2 No.2
How to provide low energy consumption and high packet delivery ratio are considered the major issues in the protocol design for the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The main focus of this paper is to reduce the number of data transmissions within the WSNs for decreasing the energy consumption of the sensor nodes. In the wired networks, the Steiner-Tree is regarded as the optimal approach for constructing the multicast structure for specific senders and receiver. However, the results can not be directly applied to the wireless environment. In this paper, an Energy Conserving Multicast Routing (ECMR) protocol is proposed to reduce the total number of relaying nodes for the construction of a multicast tree. It is designed to be a heuristic scheme since achieving a minimal cost multicast tree is considered an NP-Hard problem in the wireless broadcast environment. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is implemented on practical embedded platforms for performance evaluation. Comparing with the existing multicast routing protocol, the experimental results show that the proposed ECMR scheme can provide better energy conservation while the packet delivery ratio is still preserved.