Effect of Vanadium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2100 MPa Ultra-High Strength High Plasticity Spring Steel Processed by a Novel Online Rapid-Induction Heat Treatment

Qi‑Lei Dai,Kun Li,Kai‑Ren Meng,Zhou Fang,Wen Chen,Tian‑Bao Yang,Chi Feng,Jin‑Ming Wu,R. D. K. Misra 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.4

Advanced automotive industries generate large demand for the next generation of high strength and high toughness springsteels. Vanadium-containing 55SiCrV spring steels subjected to rapid-induction heating treatment can fulfil such requirements. However, the effect of vanadium microalloying under online rapid-induction heat treatments is rarely reported. Acomparative study of the microstructure and tensile properties of 55SiCr and 55SiCrV spring steel wires subjected to a novelonline rapid induction heat treatment has been demonstrated herein. It is found that the tensile strength of the 55SiCr springwire decreases with the decrease in the wire speed in online rapid-induction heating, and the plasticity increases. Whereas,the tensile strength of the 55SiCrV steel wire increases with the decrease in the wire speed with the retained high plasticity,which is attributed to the strengthening effect of the dislocations. Through the optimized rapid-induction heating/coolingthermal cycles and intermediate-temperature tempering treatment, the tensile strength of the 55SiCrV steel wire approaches2106 MPa with total elongation of 9.7%. Compared with the 55SiCr spring steel, the addition of V in 55SiCrV spring steelchanges the strengthening and toughening mechanisms via the grain refinement and enhancement in the hardenability andtempering resistance. The finely dispersed V-containing secondary phases are rarely found in the matrix, which indicates thatthe precipitation effect stemming from the addition of V is not the dominant strengthening factor in the online rapid-inductionheat process. The proposed novel online rapid-induction heat treatment provides a promising pathway for the mechanicalproperty improvement of the spring steel.

Investigation on the Current Situation of China's Internet Arbitration and Suggestions for its Perfection

Bao, Bing-Feng,Yang, Ya-Qi 한중법학회 2019 中國法硏究 Vol.39 No.-

국가의 정보화 발전전략이 부단히 추진되고 있는 상황에서 국가주도 의 자원형식이 점차적으로 공공자원, 사회자원, 시장자원 등의 다원화 된 주체의 형식으로 변화하고 있으며, 분쟁해결에 있어서도 소송의 이 른바 “외나무다리(独木桥)”라는 현상을 맞으면서 화해, 조정, 중재 등과 상호 관련하여 해결할 수 있는 시스템으로 발전하고 있다. 분쟁해결에 대하여 인민 대중의 만족을 위하여 인터넷 중재시스템의 혁신과 발전의 시기를 마주하고 있다. 인터넷 중재는 인터넷 비즈니스 분쟁에 착안하 여 인터넷 플랫폼인 전자기술과 빅데이터, 클라우드 등의 종합적 사용방안을 활용하여, 당사자에게 분쟁해결서비스를 제고할 수 있을 것이라 보고 있다. 이 에 분쟁안건의 “양(量)”을 분류하고, 분쟁해결의 실현에 있어 “질(质)”적 개선 을 촉진할 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 인터넷 중재는 중국에서 보편적이지 않아 중재 의식고 신뢰가 부족하므로 다양한 면에서 장애가 존재한다. 이러한 장애 를 제거하는 관건은 법률의 강력한 보장과 실무에서의 효율성 제고에 있다. 이 에 기초하여, 첫 번째는 입법적 통일을 통하여 인터넷 중재의 전체 구조를 확 립함으로써 건전한 법률체계를 포함하여 인터넷 신뢰표준제도 및 인터넷 중재 판결서의 송달과 집행을 보장하여야 한다. 둘째, 필요한 기술을 통하여 플랫폼 시스템과 안건 처리에 있어 빅데이터를 탄력적으로 운영한다. 또한, 일반 대중 의 인터넷 중재에 관한 의식을 제고할 수 있도록 한다. 이를 통해 인터넷 중재 가 발휘할 수 있는 효능을 보장할 수 있으며, 인터넷 중재시스템이나 새로운 유형의 분쟁해결시스템에 대한 정보화 발전을 촉진할 것이다. In the present moment when the National Information Development strategy is constantly advancing, the state-dominated public resource model has gradually been transformed into a multi-subject model of public resources, social resources, market resources, etc. In the dispute resolution channel, litigation has also evolved into a mutually applicable mechanism of conciliation, mediation, arbitration and so on. In order to meet the diverse needs of the people for dispute resolution, the innovation and development of online arbitration is timely. Internet arbitration focuses on Internet business disputes and integrates the comprehensive use of electronic technology, big data, and cloud computing on the Internet platform to provide parties with convenient and efficient dispute resolution services. As a result, the “quantity” diversion of dispute cases is promoted, and the “quality” improvement of dispute resolution is realized. However, the promotion of Internet arbitration in China is not universal. It faces many obstacles, such as lack of arbitration consciousness, credit concepts and so on. The key to removing obstacles lies in the strong guarantee of law and the optimization of practical operation. Based on this, on the one hand, it is necessary to unify and perfect the overall framework of Internet arbitration through legislation, including perfecting the supporting legal system, establishing the online trust stamp system, and ensuring the service and enforcement of Internet arbitration awards. On the other hand, we need science and technology to help online platform systems and a flexible use of big data to handle case data, while standardizing the industry personnel and enhancing public awareness of arbitration. Only in this way can we effectively guarantee the effectiveness of the Internet arbitration system and promote the information development of the online arbitration institutions and the new dispute resolution mechanism.

Biomechanical Evaluation of 2 Endoscopic Spine Surgery Methods for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Finite Element Study

Yang Zou,Shuo Ji,Hui Wen Yang,Tao Ma,Yue Kun Fang,Zhi Cheng Wang,Miao Miao Liu,Ping Hui Zhou,Zheng Qi Bao,Chang Chun Zhang,Yu Chen Ye 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2 endoscopic spine surgeries on the biomechanical properties of normal and osteoporotic spines. Methods: Based on computed tomography images of a healthy adult volunteer, 6 finite element models were created. After validating the normal intact model, a concentrated force of 400 N and a moment of 7.5 Nm were exerted on the upper surface of L3 to simulate 6 physiological activities of the spine. Five types of indices were used to assess the biomechanical properties of the 6 models, range of motion (ROM), maximum displacement value, intervertebral disc stress, maximum stress value, and articular protrusion stress, and by combining them with finite element stress cloud. Results: In normal and osteoporotic spines, there was no meaningful change in ROM or disc stress in the 2 surgical models for the 6 motion states. Model N1 (osteoporotic percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy model) showed a decrease in maximum displacement value of 20.28% in right lateral bending. Model M2 (unilateral biportal endoscopic model) increased maximum displacement values of 16.88% and 17.82% during left and right lateral bending, respectively. The maximum stress value of L4–5 increased by 11.72% for model M2 during left rotation. In addition, using the same surgical approach, ROM, maximum displacement values, disc stress, and maximum stress values were more significant in the osteoporotic model than in the normal model. Conclusion: In both normal and osteoporotic spines, both surgical approaches were less disruptive to the physiologic structure of the spine. Furthermore, using the same endoscopic spine surgery, normal spine biomechanical properties are superior to osteoporotic spines.

Blending of Soybean Oil with Selected Vegetable Oils: Impact on Oxidative Stability and Radical Scavenging Activity

Li, Yang,Ma, Wen-Jun,Qi, Bao-Kun,Rokayya, Sami,Li, Dan,Wang, Jing,Feng, Hong-Xia,Sui, Xiao-Nan,Jiang, Lian-Zhou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Background: Soybean oil may protect against cancer of the breast and prostate. It may also exert beneficial influence in combination with other oils. Here, blends (20%, v/v) of sea buckthorn oil (SEBO), camellia oil (CAO), rice bran oil (RBO), sesame oil (SEO) and peanut oil (PEO) with soybean oil (SBO) were formulated. Materials and Methods: Oxidative stability (OS) and radical scavenging activity (RSA) of SBO and blends stored under oxidative conditions ($60^{\circ}C$) for 24 days were studied. By blending with different kinds oils, levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased, while monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content increased. Progression of oxidation was followed by measuring peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine (PAV), conjugated dienes (CD) and conjugated trienes (CT). Results: Inverse relationships were noted between PV and OS at termination of storage. Levels of CD and CT in SBO, and blends, increased with increase in time. The impact of SEO as additives on SBO oxidation was the strongest followed by RBO, CAO, SEBO and PNO. Conclusions: Oxidative stability of oil blends was better than SBO, most likely as a consequence of changes in fatty acids and tocopherols' profile, and minor bioactive lipids found in selected oils. The results suggest that these oil blends could contribute as sources of important antioxidant related to the prevention of chronic diseases associated to oxidative stress, such as in cancer and coronary artery disease.

Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation on the Formation Process of CeO₂ Nanoparticles in Alcohol Aqueous Solutions

Zhang, Qi,Zhong, Jing,Yang, Bao-Zhu,Huang, Wei-Qiu,Chen, Ruo-Yu,Liao, Jun-Min,Gu, Chi-Ruei,Chen, Cheng-Lung Korean Chemical Society 2012 대한화학회지 Vol.56 No.4

Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) was carried out to study the nucleation and crystal growth process of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles in different alcohol aqueous solutions. The results showed that the nucleation and crystal growth process of $CeO_2$ can be classified into three stages: nuclei growth, crystal stabilization and crystal aggregation except the initial induction stage, which could be reproduced by collecting simulation results after different simulation time. Properly selecting the sizes of $CeO_2$ and water bead was crucial in the simulation system. The influence of alcohol type and content in solutions, and precipitation temperature on the particle dimension were investigated in detail and compared with the experimental results. The consistency between simulation results and experimental data verify that the simulation can reproduce the macroscopic particle aggregation process. The effect of solvent on the nucleation and crystal growth of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles are different at three stages and can not be simply described by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory or nucleation thermodynamics theory. Our work demonstrated that DPD methods can be applied to study nanoparticle forming process.

Design of Control System for Bearing Tester

Long-Qi Zu,Bao-Ying Li,Yang Chen 한국멀티미디어학회 2006 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2006 No.-

A design of control system used in bearing parameter tester is introduced, using GE company PLC (programmable logic controller) as main control unit, PT (programmable Terminal) as data display & control unit, IPC (Industry Processing Computer) as monitor unit, by means of the communication between IPC and PLC, PLC and PT, control system realized the parameter test for the special bearing. The designed programmer on PLC realized bearing parameter test for example pressure, velocity, PV(present value) value and so on. The designed programmer on PT realized that bearing parameter test have all kind functions for example manual running, auto-running, simulation running and so on. It has been testified that the system has higher reliability, tested bearing parameter up to scratch and better property.

Analysis of mechanical contact behavior between the catheter and trachea tissue during bronchoscopy

Yudong Bao,Shengqian Qu,Dongbo Qi,Wen Wei,Yang Zhan,Hejun Liu 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3

As for the contact mechanics between the catheter and trachea tissue during bronchoscopy, the anterior and curved part of the catheter were selected for analysis. The material parameters of each sample were obtained by uniaxial tensile experiments. And this paper verified the stress changes during the contact process using ABAQUS software from three aspects: different material property parameters, contact angle, and catheter bending angle. The results show that: when the characteristic parameter is 90°, the force on the trachea is minimal. And the force changes in a small range when the contact angle is kept at 45°-75°. When the catheter enters the next level of the trachea, the bending part is in contact with the trachea wall. At this time, keeping the bending angle at 15°-30° helps to reduce the contact force. This study could provide a theoretical basis for surgical instruments' interventional therapy.

The study on the flexural behavior for composite joints with different shimming conditions

Yuxing Yang,Yi-Qi Wang,Xueshu Liu,Hang Gao,Yongjie Bao 한국생산제조학회 2018 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching Interleaved Two-Switch Forward Converter

Chu, Enhui,Bao, Jianqun,Song, Qi,Zhang, Yang,Xie, Haolin,Chen, Zhifang,Zhou, Yue The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.6

In this paper, a novel zero-voltage and zero-current switching (ZVZCS) interleaved two switch forward converter is proposed. By using a coupled-inductor-type smoothing filter, a snubber capacitor, the parallel capacitance of the leading switches and the transformer parasitic inductance, the proposed converter can realize soft-switching for the main power switches. This converter can effectively reduce the primary circulating current loss by using the coupled inductor and the snubber capacitor. Furthermore, this converter can reduce the reverse recovery loss, parasitic ringing and transient voltage stress in the secondary rectifier diodes caused by the leakage inductors of the transformer and the coupled inductance. The operation principle and steady state characteristics of the converter are analyzed according to the equivalent circuits in different operation modes. The practical effectiveness of the proposed converter was is illustrated by simulation and experimental results via a 500W, 100 kHz prototype using the power MOSFET.

Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching Interleaved Two-Switch Forward Converter

Enhui Chu,Jianqun Bao,Qi Song,Yang Zhang,Haolin Xie,Zhifang Chen,Yue Zhou 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.6

In this paper, a novel zero-voltage and zero-current switching (ZVZCS) interleaved two switch forward converter is proposed. By using a coupled-inductor-type smoothing filter, a snubber capacitor, the parallel capacitance of the leading switches and the transformer parasitic inductance, the proposed converter can realize soft-switching for the main power switches. This converter can effectively reduce the primary circulating current loss by using the coupled inductor and the snubber capacitor. Furthermore, this converter can reduce the reverse recovery loss, parasitic ringing and transient voltage stress in the secondary rectifier diodes caused by the leakage inductors of the transformer and the coupled inductance. The operation principle and steady state characteristics of the converter are analyzed according to the equivalent circuits in different operation modes. The practical effectiveness of the proposed converter was is illustrated by simulation and experimental results via a 500W, 100 kHz prototype using the power MOSFET.