전립선의 횡문근육종

김경미,양기화,강석진,김병기,김선무 대한병리학회 1992 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.26 No.4

견관절 유착성 관절낭염에서 도수의학 치료의 유용성

이경무,이광래,한기석 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.4

수지관절 구축시 도수의학 치료가 관절가동역에 미치는 효과

이경무,황어성 충북대학교 의학연구소 2000 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.10 No.1

목적: 수부기능의 회복을 위해 표준화된 재활 치료법이 아직 확실히 마련되지 못한 상황에서 도수의학 치료의 적용이 수부기능 회복에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 수부손상 후 충북대학교 병원에서 수술적 치료를 마친 환자들 가운데 수지관절의 구축이 진행된 5명(남자 3, 여자 2) - 27개 관절(중수지간 관절 10, 근위부지간 관절 9, 원위부지간 관절 8)을 대상으로 G.D Maitland의 Caudal longitudinal movement with maintained during the mobilization 방법을 이용하여 수지관절의 구축에 대한 도수의학 치료를 시행하였다. 치료전후의 능동적관절가동역을 측정하였으며 각 위치별로 관절을 나누어 비교하여 처음 치료를 시작했을 때의 값을 기준으로 하여 치료를 거듭할수록 얼마나 관절가동역의 개선이 있는지 알아보았다. 결과: 근위부지간 관절의 회복속도가 원위부지간 관절과 중수지간 관절보다 빨랐으며 치료전에 관절구축의 정도가 심하지 않은 환자가 더욱 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 모든 관절에서 치료전과 치료종결후 유의한 차이(p<0.05)를 보였으며 1 일련( set)의 치료후에 평균적으로 1.92도의 능동적 관절가동역의 증가가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 가능하면 조기에 관절구축방지를 위한 노력과 원위부 관절의 구축방지를 위한 노력이 필요함을 알았고 수술 후 구축된 수지관절의 기능회복을 위해 도수의학 치료가 임상적으로 도움이 되리라고 사료된다. Purpose : In the situation of the standard rehabilitation therapy for the hand function recovery is not yet fixed, we have examined to know how much the application of manual medicine is helpful. Materials and Metheds: We selected 5 Patients( male 3, female 2 ) - 27 finder joints(10 metacarpophalangeal joint, 9 proximal interphalangeal joint, 8 distal interphala-ngeal joint ) under progressing contracture. They had operated in Chung Buk National University Hospital. We used G. B Maitlands manual medicine technique ( Caudal longitudinal movement with maintained flexion during the mobilization ) for their Improvement of the finger joint contracture. We compared the active range of motion of contractured joints before and after manual medicine therapy and analyzed result by location of joints. Results . We got the result that the recovery velocity of proximal interphalangeal joints was faster than metacarpophalangeal joints or distal interphalangeal joints and the mild contractured joints were better than more severe contractured joints. We found out meaningful statistic inference( p<0.05 ) through SPSS 7.5 program and the increasing mean degree was 1.92 degree Per set in all joints. Conclusion : The result of this study shows that the early prevention of contracture is needed and the application of manual medicine for contractured finger joints is helpful in hand injury patients.

한국산야생등줄쥐(Apodemus agrarius coreae)의 해마복합체에서 neuropeptide Y 면역반응세포에 관한 연구

김무강,송치원,이경열,박일권,정영길,이강이,김종섭 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1997 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-

Neuropeptide Y(NPY) was first isolated from porcine brain. This discovery has lead some workers to study the distribution of this peptide in the central nervous system of various mammals. In this study the distribution pattern of neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive neurons was examined in the hippocampal complex of Striped field mouse in Korea(Apodemus agrarius coreae) Experimental animals were anesthesized with thiopental sodium and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde through the left ventricle and the ascending aorta. The brains were removed and transferred 10%, 20% and 30% sucrose solution. Sections were cut on a cryostat into 40㎛-thick. The tissue was immunostained with free-floating and avidin-biotm complex(ABC) method. The results obtained in this study were summarized as followings. 1. The most of NPY-IR neurons in hippocampus proper were found in the polymorphic layer and a few was found in the pyramidal layer. 2. The process run vertically in the deep polymorphic layer and run parallel to corpus callosum in superficial polymorphic layer. 3. The shapes of neurons in hippocampus proper were varied of polymorphic, oval or round, and the nerve fibers were found in the molecular laver and the hippocampal fissure. 4. The highest density in number of NPY-IR neurons on dentate gyrus were found in hilar area of dentate gyrus. 5. The most of NPY-IR nerve fibers were found in molecular cell layer.

메타분석을 이용한 국내 정상성인의 정중신경 체성감각 유발전위의 정상치 : a Meta-Analysis

이경무,김헌,박은희 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2003 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.13 No.1

연구목적:체성감각 유발전위(somatosensory evoked potentials:SEPs) 검사는 말초 감각 수용기로부터 대뇌피질에 이르는 체성감각의 구심성 경로를 평가하는 유용한 방법이다. 체성 감각 유발전위의 잠시와 진폭의 정상치는 대상군의 지역적 분포에 따라 차이가 날 수 있어 각 검사실마다 각각의 정상치를 구하여 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이는 지역적인 특성만을 대변하므로, 범국가적인 대표값으로 보기는 힘들다. 또한 1984년 AES(American Encephalo-graphic Society)의 guideline이 있지만 아직 검사방법의 통일이 이루어지지 않아 해석의 어려움이 있어 검사방법의 표준화가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 논문분석을 통하여 각 연구에서 어떠한 검사방법들이 사용되었는지 분석하며 검사방법의 표준화를 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 하였으며, 베타분석을 통하여 정중 신경 체성감각 유발전위의 범국가적인 정상 참고치를 구하여 학술연구와 정도관리에 일조하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법:1978년부터 2001년까지 정중 신경 somatosensory evoked potential의 정상 치에 관한 국내외 연구논문 15편을 대상으로 검사방법의 종류와 빈도를 분석하며 가장 보편적인 검사방법을 알아보았으며, 7편의 국내 연구논문을 대상으로 메타분석을 통하여 정중 신경 체성감각 유발전위의 범국가적인 정상 참고치를 구하고자 하였다. 결과: 1) 전극의 종류로는 침 전극을 가장 많이 사용하였으며, 전극의 위치는 활동기록전극으로는 C3', C4'를 참고기록전극으로는 Fz가 적당하리라 생각된다. 위상의 잠시를 명명하여 표기한 경우로 N1은 N20으로 표기한 경우가 많았으며, Pl은 P22로, N2는 N25로 표기한 경우가 많았고, P2는 다양하였다. 2) 자극의 빈도는 3 pps가, 자극기간은 0.2 msec가 많이 사용되었다. 자극강도는 대부분 thumb twitch가 있는 정도로 하였으며, 총 자극 횟수는 127회가 3편으로 가장 많았다. Low filter의 범위는 2∼20 Hz사이에 있었고, High filter는 500 Hz∼10 kHz사이의 범위까지로 동일한 주파수 설정은 없었다. 3) 국내 논문을 대상으로 메타분석을 시행하여 구한 한국 정상성인의 잠시의 정상 참고치 는 N1이 20.6 msec, P1이 28.2 msec, N2가 37.2 msec, P2가 48.5 msec였다. 진폭은 변이계수가 크고 개인간의 차이가 심하여 진폭만을 기준으로 이상유무를 알기는 어려울 것으로 생각되었다. 결론; 이상의 연구를 통하여 정중신경 유발전위 검사방법을 빈도순으로 분석하였으며 메타 분석을 통하여 잠시와 진폭의 정상참고치를 제시하였다. 이상의 연구결과는 정중신경 유발전위 검사방법의 표준화를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 도출된 정상 참고치는 정중신경 체성감각 유발전위 검사의 관련 연구와 정도 관리에 유용하리라 생각된다. Purpose:Somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs) are valuable in evaluating the somatosensory pathway from peripheral sensory receptor to cerebral cortex. Despite there are numbers of normative studies of median nerve Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), each laboratory has one's own normative database. Obvious difficulties are arised in attempting to compare data from one laboratory to another, there is a need to establish a standardized test method with normal references. We initiated this study to overcome these difficulties. Meterials and Methods:We searched through 15 articles, which had been previously published from 1978 to 2001, concerning scalp recorded median nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials. The thorough research of 15 articles came out with a common test, and we obtained a world-wide normal reference value of latencies and amplitudes through a meta-analysis technique by researching 7 articles which reported their own normal reference values among korean adults Results 1) The most common electrode was needle electrode. The site for active electrode was C3', C4' and the site for reference electrode was Fz. The most common used names of N1, P1 and N2 were N20, P22, N25 respectively. 2) The stimulation frequency was 3 pps, the stimulation duration was 0.2 cosec, the stimulation intensity was about thumb twitch level and the total stimulation number was found to be more than 128. The low fiter range was 2~20 Hz, the high filter range was 500Hz~10 kHz. 3) The normal reference values of N1, P1, N2 and P2 were 20.63 msec, 28.23 msec, 37.23 msec, 48.54 msec among Korean adults. Conclusion:Since there are many labs that have not established a normal reference value ans a standardized method, the normal latencies suggested through a meta-analysis and a common test method may be used as a valuable reference for many laboratories.

인체 간 Microsome에서의 우슬 추출물의 Cytochrome P450 약물 대사효소에 대한 억제작용

김경아,이지숙,박히준,김진우,김창주,심인섭,한승무,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective : Achyranthes bidentata radix (Usul) has been used as anti-arthritic, antiallergic, antidiuretic and so on Recently extracts of Achyranthes bidentata radix have shown anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive effects in vitro and in vivo. Methods : We therefore evaluated the inhibitory potential of ehtanol extracts of Achyranthes bidentata radix on cytochrome P450(CYP) isoforms-catalyzecd reactions, which relate to causes of cancer and inflammation, including CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP2C8, and CYP3A4, using human liver microsomal preparations. Results : The extracts showed weak or negligible inhibitory effects on CYP2C9-catalyzed (S)-warfarin 7-hydroxylation, CYP2C19-catalyzed S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylation, and CYP2D6-catalyzed dextromethorphan O-demethylation with each IC50 over 1750 g/㎖, respectively. However, it showed relatively significant inhibitory effect on CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylation and CYP2E1-catalyzed chloizoxazone 6-hydroxylation with IC50s of 970.5 g/㎖ and 821.4 g/㎖, respectively. Conclusions : These results suggest that extracts of Achyranthes bidentata radix have inhibitory effects on CYP-catalyzed reactions, expeciallyCYP1A2 and CYP2E1, in human liver microsomes. These effects appear to relate to anti-inflammatory and cancer prevention following decrease of reactive oxygen species formed by CYP, especially CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, by Achyranthes bidentata radix. However, further evaluation is necessary to demonstrate and to confirm its effects in human.

제한효소 생성능을 지닌 알칼리성 Bacillus sp. 8-13 균주로부터 알칼리성 제한효소의 정제

배무,이지은,박경숙,이강만 이화여자대학교 생명과학연구소 1992 생명과학연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

토양에서 분리한 여러 알카리성 세균을 대상으로 제한효소의 유무를 조사하여 Bacillus sp. 8-13으로부터 제한효소의 활성을 발견할 수 있었다. 이 균주의 제한효소는 streptomycin sulfate 침전, ammonium sulfate 침전, DEAD-cellulose와 phosphocellulose ion exchange column chromatography 과정을 통하여 정제하였고 0.1% SDS를 포함하는 7.5% polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis로 subunit의 분자량을 조사한 결과 약 32,000 dalton이었다. 또 특히 이 균주는 형태적 배양학적 특성이 Bacilus alkalophilus subsp. halodurans와 매우 유사하며, 최적 생육 pH는 10.3이었고, 최적 증식온도는 50℃이었다. Twenty-four bacterial strains among alkalophillic bacteria isolated from soil samples were examined for the presence of type Ⅱ restriction endonuclease in aerobic culture. One strain was found to contain specificenzyme to cleave lambda DNA. The characteristics of this microorganism is the ability to grow well in alkalophilic and high temperature condition, that is at pH 10.3 and 50℃. This strain was tentatively identified to Bacilus alkalophilus subsp. halodurans when morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics were examined. The enzyme was purified from crude extract by streptomycin sulfate, ammonium sulfate precipitation, which was followed by DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose ion exchange column chromatography, and the subunit molecular weight was about, 32,000 daltons by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis containing 0.1% SDS.

절수에 의한 Mongolian Gerbil 장기중량변화에 관한 분석연구

김무강,이기훈,이강이,송치원,이경열,권효정,박미선,정승혁,이행연,김명철 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2000 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

In this study, authors measured the each organ weight of the long term water deprived Mongolian gerbil, after then we calculated the mean, standard deviation, variance coefficient of the real measured organ weight and induced the organ weight change quantity, rate of quantity, deviation between measured and theological organ weight, deviation rate, sum of deviation rate, organ weight change rate, rate of organ weight by the mathematical formula. The results obtained as follow 1. The weight of the brains, lung, and testis were abruptly decreased after water deprived until the 5th day, after then slowly decreased until the 20th day. 2. The weight of the heart was decreased gradually from the first day until the 20th day. 3. The weight of the liver was abruptly decreased until the 10th day, after then the more slowly decreased until the 20th day. 4. The weight of the thymus, spleen, kidney, and pancreas were abruptly decreased until the 15th day, after then increased slowly until 20th day but the weight of the kidney was abruptly increased from the 10th day. 5. The organ weight change rate and the rate of the each day organ weight were very diversified.

BSC의 이익사슬 구조에 대한 비판적 분석

박무현,김예경 啓明大學校 産業經營硏究所 2003 經營經濟 Vol.36 No.2

The purpose of this study is to provide critical analysis of fundamental assumptions with the BSC model. BSC is a tool for performance measurement, which has been systematically expanded from accounting-related performance measures. BSC tries to reduce problems resulting from the use of financial performance measures only for control purpose. BSC is not only a measurement system, but also a control system. It adds non-financial measures to the strategic control structure. In addition, BSC provides more than just a loose link between performance measures in each area of perspective; it assumes causal links among perspectives. This study points out some issues related to BSC's fundamental assumptions and inferences. There may not be a causal relationships but logical relationships among areas analyzed. Customer satisfaction does not necessarily result in better financial performance. Financial results from increases in customer satisfaction or quality improvements require financial calculations. An activity chain that creates high customer value with low costs is tied to better financial performance. This is not a causal relationship, but a logical relationship. BSC's invalid assumptions with its inept performance indices may mislead managers to the sub-optimization, not the optimization of the whole company. Since BSC may bring in the second-best performance as such, a careful application of the BSC model is essential. It is a very important task to understand causal relationships among performance indices in each perspective. However, it should not be overlooked that BSC provides an incomplete model of causal relationships. Some of the causal relationship are just a collection of expectations. Empirical analyses may or may not prove these causal relationships reasonable. Reciprocal causation model is suggested over the recursive models such as regression models or path analysis in order to examine the causal relationship since reciprocal causation model provides complete causal analyses with the structural covariance analysis. In summary, BSC is a controversial topic in management accounting and a careful application of the model is needed. Further discussion about the links between performance indices in each perspectives of BSC and statistical examination of empirical data are necessary.

기업환경보고의 과제와 전망

박무현,김예경 啓明大學校 産業經營硏究所 2001 經營經濟 Vol.34 No.2

Recently environmental issues are recognized as serious problems within an industrial world as well as among governments, environmental activists, and international agents. Companies are beginning to understand that they are evaluated by how well they fulfill their social responsibility in this regard, and how they report these to the interested parties. Corporations also take the environmental issues seriously because these issues are strategically linked to the sustenance of their continuous growth. Many corporations respond to the investor's interests in environment by filing, on a voluntary and regular basis, environmental reports independent of financial statements. Theses reports, however, do not guarantee comparability since there are not much basis for the assurance of environmental reporting. Reliability of these reports is questionable because they are not reviewed and/or verified by independent third parties. Accounting firms are trying to develop ways to provide additional assurance services to current and potential customers. These efforts will contribute to the application of proper verification technique in assuring environmental reports, and to the expansion of relationships with customers. Participation in the verification activities will be helpful for corporations, investors, and regulatory authorities. Setting standards for environmental reporting and verification would create a new market for environmental reporting and assurance services. It would also provide fair opportunities for accounting firms to compete effectively with consulting firms specialized in the area of environmental technologies.