태연혈(太淵穴)의 유침 시간에 따른 체온 변화 -적외선체열촬영(赤外線體熱撮影)을 중심으로-

이봉효 ( Bong Hyo Lee ),이경민 ( Kyung Min Lee ),박지하 ( Ji Ha Park ),김민서 ( Min Seo Kim ),김산들 ( San Deul Kim ),박병규 ( Byeong Gyu Park ),양현동 ( Hyun Dong Yang ),예성호 ( Sung Ho Yea ),이호정 ( Ho Jung Lee ),최재원 ( Jae 경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.2

Objectives: This study was performed to find the desirable remaining time of needle in the acupuncture treatment. Methods: The 21 volunteers were given acupuncture at LU9 vertically and needles were remained for 2 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, respectively. The thermographic change induced by acupuncture was measured with Digital Infrared Thermographic Image at the following acupoints: LU11, LU10, LU9, LU8, LU5, LU1, and PC7. The statistical significance of thermographi change was evaluated using paired t-test and post hoc Wilcoxon test. Results: The most significant changes after acupuncture were produced when needles were remained for 10 min or 15 min. LU11, LU5, LU1, and PC7 were the point at which all of the remaining time produced significant change commonly. At LU11, the biggest change was produced when needle was remained for 15 min, while at LU5, LU1, and PC7, the biggest change was produced when needle was remained for 30 min, and the smallest change was produced when needle was remained for 10 min at all of acupoints of LU11, LU5, LU1, and PC7. The unbalance between left side and right was decreased the most largely in 15 min group. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the desirable remaining time of acupuncture needle might be 15 min.

Effects of Atipamezole and Naloxone on Electroencephalographic Spectral Edge Frequency 95 in Dogs Sedated by Acupuncture at GV20 and Yintang Point

KIM, Min-Su,SEO, Kang-Moon Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2007 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.69 No.5

<P>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antagonism of acupuncture-induced sedation by electroencephalographic spectral edge frequency (SEF) 95 in 10 healthy intact male Miniature Schnauzer dogs (4.2-6.1kg; 2-3 years old) without neurological disorder. The GV20 and Yintang acupoints were administered for 20 min. While the dogs were conscious, SEF 95 baseline values were recorded at 2-min intervals for 4 min. Then acupuncture was administered at the GV20 and Yintang acupoints. During the acupuncture procedure, the SEF 95 values were recorded at 2-min intervals for 10 min. Subsequently, antagonist drugs, naloxone and atipamezole, were administered through the cephalic vein. The SEF 95 values were then measured again at 2-min intervals for 10 min. Those values were found to be significantly increased after administration of atipamezole in dogs sedated by acupuncture at the GV20 and Yintang acupoints (<I>p</I><0.05). However, the SEF 95 values in the naloxone groups did not show any significant changes before and after administration of the antagonist. It was concluded that sedation induced by acupuncture at the GV20 and Yintang acupoints might be partially associated with the α<SUB>2</SUB>-adrenergic system.</P>

LDPC 부호의 복호를 위한 양자화 성능과 반복 횟수 통계

서영동(Young-Dong Seo),공민한(Min-Han Kong),송문규(Moon-Kyou Song) 대한전자공학회 2008 電子工學會論文誌-TC (Telecommunications) Vol.45 No.-

LDPC 복호기의 성능과 하드웨어 복잡도는 양자화 과정의 설계 변수인 클리핑 임계치(clipping threshold) cth와 양자화 비트 수 q, 그리고 복호과정의 최대 반복 횟수에 의존한다. 본 논문에서는 이상적인 Min-Sum 알고리즘과 양자화된 Min-Sum 알고리즘을 비교하기 위해서 시뮬레이션을 통해 클리핑 임계치 cth와 양자화 비트 수 q에 따른 LDPC 부호의 비트 오율 성능을 평가하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 클리핑 임계치 cth = 2.5, 양자화 비트 수 q = 6일 경우에 이상적인 Min-Sum 알고리즘에 가장 근접한 비트 오율이 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 반복 횟수의 통계적 분석을 통한 반복 횟수의 확률 밀도 함수를 이용하여 q와 반복 횟수에 따른 복호 복잡도를 계산하고, 부호어 에러율(word error rate; WER) 성능을 추정하였다. 이상의 결과는 LDPC 복호기 설계에서 부호의 성능과 복호 복잡도 사이의 절충을 위해 사용될 수 있다. The performance and hardware complexity of LDPC decoders depend on the design parameters of quantization, the clipping threshold cth and the number of quantization bits q, and also on the maximum number of decoding iterations. In this paper, the BER performances of LDPC codes are evaluated according to the clipping threshold cth and the number of quantization bits q through the simulation studies. By comparing the quantized Min-Sum algorithm with the ideal Min-Sum algorithm, it is shown that the quantized case with cth = 2.5 and q = 6 has the best performance, which approaches the idea case. The decoding complexities are calculated and the word error rates (WER) are estimated by using the pdf which is obtained through the statistical analyses on the iteration numbers. These results can be utilized to tradeoff between the decoding performance and the complexity in LDPC decoder design.

Soymilk를 이용한 요구르트 제조 및 저장기간 동안의 품질변화에 관한 연구

신상민 ( Sang Min Shin ),송광영 ( Kwang Young Song ),서건호 ( Kun Ho Seo ),윤여창 ( Yoh Chang Yoon ) 한국유가공기술과학회 2012 한국유가공기술과학회지 Vol.30 No.2

This study was performed for analyzing the general composition and the change in the quality of soymilk-derived yogurts manufactured by adding skim milk and whey powder to soymilk heat-treated at 95℃/5 min and 120℃/10 min, respectively. 1. During the storage of soymilk yogurt, the concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, and lactose slightly decreased, whereas viscosity, content of ash and NPN, and the number of lactic acid bacteria remained unchanged. 2. The pH and titratable acidity changed rapidly in all soymilk yogurts after 3 h of incubation. 3. We found 7.8×108 lactic acid bacteria in the control sample, 4.7×108 and 5.02×108 in soymilk yogurt with skim milk, respectively, and 5.9×108 and 5.5×108, respectively in soymilk yogurt with whey powder according to degree of heat treatment with 95℃/5 min and 120℃/10 min. 4. The viscosity of yogurt samples became lower as the heat treatment increased in temperature and in the length of time. 5. The value of sensory evaluation was relatively high in soymilk yogurt with the added skim milk, which was heat-treated 95℃/5 min; however, the value was significantly lower than that of the control sample. 6. Lactose, glucose, and galactose were detected in all samples because lactose is degraded into glucose and galactose within 3 h of inoculation.

Comparative evaluation of the algorithms for parametric mapping of the novel myocardial PET imaging agent ¹⁸ F-FPTP

Kim, Ji Who,Seo, Seongho,Kim, Hyeon Sik,Kim, Dong-Yeon,Lee, Ho-Young,Kang, Keon Wook,Lee, Dong Soo,Bom, Hee-Seung,Min, Jung-Joon,Lee, Jae Sung Springer Japan 2017 Annals of nuclear medicine Vol.31 No.6

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>(<SUP>18</SUP>F-fluoropentyl)triphenylphosphonium salt (<SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP) is a new promising myocardial PET imaging tracer. It shows high accumulation in cardiomyocytes and rapid clearance from liver. We performed compartmental analysis of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP PET images in rat and evaluated two linear analyses: linear least-squares (LLS) and a basis function method (BFM) for generating parametric images. The minimum dynamic scan duration for kinetic analysis was also investigated and computer simulation undertaken.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P><SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP dynamic PET (18 min) and CT images were acquired from rats with myocardial infarction (MI) (<I>n</I> = 12). Regions of interest (ROIs) were on the left ventricle, normal myocardium, and MI region. Two-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>; 2C2P) and three-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>–<I>k</I><SUB>3</SUB>; 3C3P) models with irreversible uptake were compared for goodness-of-fit. Partial volume and spillover correction terms (<I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> and <I>α</I> = 1 − <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB>) were also incorporated. LLS and BFM were applied to ROI- and voxel-based kinetic parameter estimations. Results were compared with the standard ROI-based nonlinear least-squares (NLS) results of the corresponding compartment model. A simulation explored statistical properties of the estimation methods.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The 2C2P model was most suitable for describing <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP kinetics. Average <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, and <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> values were, respectively, 6.8 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.44 in normal myocardium and 1.4 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.32, in MI tissue. Ten minutes of data was sufficient for the estimation. LLS and BFM estimations correlated well with NLS values for the ROI level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.06<I>x</I> + 0.13, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.96 and <I>y</I> = 1.13<I>x</I> + 0.08, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.97) and voxel level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.22<I>x</I> − 0.30, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.90 and <I>y</I> = 1.26<I>x</I> + 0.00, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.92). Regional distribution of kinetic parametric images (<I>αK</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, <I>V</I><SUB>a</SUB>) was physiologically relevant. LLS and BFM showed more robust characteristics than NLS in the simulation.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Fast kinetics and highly specific uptake of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP by myocardium enabled quantitative analysis with the 2C2P model using only the initial 10 min of data. LLS and BFM were feasible for estimating voxel-wise parameters. These two methods will be useful for quantitative evaluation of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP distribution in myocardium and in further studies with different conditions, disease models, and species.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12149-017-1171-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

개의 전침마취가 Vital sign 및 혈액가스치 변화에 미치는 영향

임연수,송근호,유명조,서지민,김명철,김덕환,Lim, Yeon-Soo,Song, Kun-Ho,You, Myung-Jo,Seo, Jee-Min,Kim, Myung-Chul,Kim, Duck-Hwan 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

The present study was performed to elucidate the effect of canine electroacupuncture anesthesia on vital signs and blood gas values. Groups were divided into experimental (electroacupuncture: EA) and control (ketamine) groups. The vital signs (body temperature, respiration rate and pulse) and blood gas values (pH, $pCO_2$ and $pO_2$) of venous and arterial blood were determined. Body temperatures of EA group were significant higher than than of ketamine group at 15 min., 30 min., 45min. and 60 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia, respectively. The respiration rates of EA group were higher than those of ketamine group, however, significant differences were not observed between both groups. The pulses of EA group were significant higher than those of ketamine group at 5 min. (p<0.05), 10 min. (p<0.01), 15 min. and 30 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia, respectively. The arterial and venous blood pHs of ketamine group were slightly higher than those of EA group, respectively, however, no significant differences were found between both groups. Significant differences were not observed between both groups in the arterial and venous blood $pCO_2$, respectively. The arterial blood $pO_2$ of EA group was significant higher than those of ketamine group at 5 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia. No significant differences were observed between both groups in the venous blood $pO_2$. These results suggest that the changes of vital signs and blood gas values of EA group are similar to those of ketamine group with the exception of changes in the body temperature, pulse and arterial blood $pO_2$.

Alignment Effects for Nematic Liquid Crystal on a New Diamond-like Carbon Layer

Seo, Dae-Shik,Jo, Yong-Min,Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon,Lee, Sang-Keuk The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2002 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.3 No.2

Alignment effects for nematic liquid crystal (NLC) and electro-optical (EO) characteristics of the ion beam (IB) aligned twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) with oblique ion beam exposure on the diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin film surface were studied. A high pretilt angle of 3.5$^{\circ}$ in NLC by ion beam exposure on the DLC thin film layer can be measured. An excellent voltage-transmittance (V-T) curve of the ion beam aligned TN-LCD was observed with oblique ion beam exposure on the DLC thin film surface for 1 min. Also, a faster response time for the ion beam aligned TN-LCD with oblique ion beam exposure on the DLC thin film surface for 1 min can be achieved.

Preparation and characterization of ACs/TiO2 composite electrodes for improving the specific capacitance of electrochemical double-layer capacitors.

Seo, Min-Kang,Park, Soo-Jin American Scientific Publishers 2009 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.9 No.12

<P>In this work, the energy storage composite electrodes were prepared by mixing activated carbons (ACs) modified with a nanosize titanium oxide (TiO2) through a means of ultrasonic vibration in ethanol solution for 30 min. We examined the cyclic voltammetry of the composite electrodes in an aqueous electrolyte, 1 M H2SO4. It was found that the specific capacitance of the composite electrodes measured in a range of 0-0.8 V was increased from 100 to 155 F/g compared to carbon electrodes comprised of activated carbon only. This was attributed to a reduction of polarization of the ACs modified by nanosized TiO2.</P>

The Effect of Mobile Neurofeedback Training in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Seo Young Kwon,Gyujin Seo,Mirae Jang,Hanbyul Shin,Wooseok Choi,You Bin Lim,Min-Sup Shin,Bung-Nyun Kim 대한정신약물학회 2024 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.22 No.1

Objective: To examine the effect of mobile neurofeedback training on the clinical symptoms, attention abilities, and execution functions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: The participants were 74 children with ADHD aged 8−15 years who visited the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital. The participants were randomly assigned to the mobile neurofeedback (n = 35) or control (sham; n = 39) group. Neurofeedback training was administered using a mobile app (equipped with a headset with a 2-channel electroencephalogram [EEG] sensor) for 30 min/day, 3 days/week, for 3 months. Children with ADHD were individually administered various neuropsychological tests, including the continuous performance test, Children’s Color Trails Test-1 and 2, and Stroop Color and Word Tests. The effects of mobile neurofeedback were evaluated at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after treatment initiation. Results: Following treatment, both mobile neurofeedback-only and sham-only groups showed significant improvements in attention and response inhibition. In the visual continuous performance test, omission errors decreased to the normal range in the mobile neurofeedback-only group after training, suggesting that mobile neurofeedback effectively reduced inattention in children with ADHD. In the advanced test of attention, auditory response times decreased in the mobile neurofeedback + medication group after training, but increased in the sham+medication group. Overall, there were no significant between-group differences in other performance outcomes. Conclusion: Mobile neurofeedback may have potential as an additional therapeutic option alongside medication for children with ADHD.

프랭크 스텔라의 작품을 모티브로 한 레고 전시 공간 디자인 프로세스 연구

서민영,송윤영,정민주,이진민,신은별 숙명여자대학교 디자인연구소 2018 숙명디자인학 연구 Vol.25 No.-

본 연구는 숙명여자대학교 공간 디자인 스튜디오Ⅰ 수업에서 진행한 전시 공간 디자인 프로세스에 관한 연구로서, 디자인의 기본 요소에 대한 탐구를 바탕으로 평면회화를 통해 평면, 입체, 공간 조형까지 차원에 확장에 따른 형태적 발전에 따른 공간디자인 프로세스를 연구한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 크게 두가지로 나뉜다. 첫째 점, 선, 면의 디자인 기본요소를 이용하여 디자인 원리에 입각해 평면 구성을 하고 이를 바탕으로 평면회화를 선택하여 입체 조형을 통해 공간의 형태를 발전시킨다. 둘째, 공간의 형태에 적합한 브랜드를 선정하였으며 이를 위한 전시 공간으로서의 기능이 적용된 공간 계획을 하였다. 그리고 프로그램, 조닝, 동선, 색채 및 재질을 계획하였다. 끝으로 본 연구는 조형적 공간 디자인의 프로세스와 전시 컨텐츠의 접목으로 향후 이와 같은 일련의 전시 공간 디자인 프로세스에서 기초적 자료로 사용될 것으로 기대한다.