박완서 단편소설에 나타난 말하기 서술시점 연구 -삼인칭 인물에 대해 말하기를 중심으로-

박성혜 ( Sung Hye Park ) 겨레어문학회 2013 겨레어문학 Vol.51 No.-

By investigating how so-called ``telling`` point of narration in each of Park, Wan-seo`s short stories is transformed, this research tried to systemize one of traits which Park`s novels` narrative techniques have. Using ``telling`` point of narration is an universal characteristic realized in the whole of Park`s works. Park used two means to use ``telling`` point of narration, which are ``telling about first-person character`` and ``telling about third-person character``. ``Telling about third-person character`` point of narration can be systemized as narration techniques by ``representing as first-person observer`` and ``using narration by third-person character``. ``Representing as first-person observer`` can be compatible with conventional narration by first-person observer that first-person observer narrates story about third-person character. However, it is quite different with narration by first-person observer that narrator is neutral to third-person character(main character). Instead, ``representing as first-person observer`` point of narration shown in Park`s novels has a trait that authoritative narrative self(narrator) narrates story by maintaining his leading position on observing, representing and even judging main character. On top of that, ``using narration by third-person character`` can be compatible with narration by narrator`s viewpoint or character`s viewpoint in light of conventional points of narration. But, that is different with narration by narrator`s viewpoint that narrator narrates characters on omniscient viewpoint. Also, that has different characteristic with narration by character`s viewpoint that one character narrates story on limited perspective. This means that ``using narration by third-person character`` point of narration in Park`s novels has trait that authoritative narrative self(narrator) maintains the narrative position that he observes, represents, and judges not only third-person main character but also other characters. Though it seems that character ``I`` just doesn`t be shown in her works superficially, position of character is still as same as ``representing as first-person observer``.

박완서 단편소설에 나타난 노년의 삶과 서사

박성혜 ( Sung Hye Park ) 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2013 한국문화기술 Vol.15 No.-

From 1970 when she won a literary award in 《Women Donga》 magazine’s full-length novel contest for lady writers with a novel 『The Naked Tree』at her age of 40 to her death in 2011 at her age of 81, Park, Wan-seo left so many works in quantitative aspect. Through her works overall, topics which her creation motifs repeatedly focused can be categorized as ‘Korean War and division of the nation’, ‘analysis and criticism of reality of ages’, ‘old-age lives and narrative’, and ‘feminism and maternal awareness of life’. This means that Park was motivated to write by conflicts between those topics and critical mind about them. This research focuses on ‘old-age lives and narrative’ of four topics of Park’s novels mentioned on last paragraph. Purpose of the research is to clarify aspects on the topic and characteristics of narrative. It is obvious that old-age lives and narrative in her short-stories should be analyzed in terms of ‘topics’. By searching her short and mediumlength stories, we can realize that there are two aspects of old-age lives and narrative which were chosen by her as topics of her works. One is that there are detailed depiction of finding the elderly’s meaning of existence. The other is that lives of isolation and alienation are depicted in the novels. Park tried to clarify the elderly’s existence by depicting the elderly couple and their love, and lives of the elderly who retired. Also, she delicately described isolated and alienated lives shown by gap between the elderly and their daughters-in-law(or their sons and his wives) or exclusion from the younger. Some literary works such as 「Riverside View」, 「Reunion in the Evening」, 「A Sketch of the Fading Sun 4」, 「A Sketch of the Fading Sun 5」, 「Dried Flower」, 「When a Long and Boring Movie is at the End」, and 「Thorn in a Petal」have topics about the elderly’s existential inquiry. In addition, motif of old-age lives and narrative has orientation to topics which are shown in social relationships especially in family. Some of her works including 「Twilight」, 「Riverside View」, 「Hidden Voice of Paulownia」, 「Dining Table Where Candle is Lighten」 depict lives of isolation and impossibility of communication.

Development of a Mobile Application, "Wild Flowers of Bukhansan National Park (version 1.0)", for Identification of Plants in Bukhansan National Park

Kim, Sang-Tae,Lee, Seung-Yeon,Kim, Seung-Chul,Byun, Hye-Won,Lee, Sang-Tae,Kim, Mu-Yeal,Hong, Seok-Pyo,Chung, Young-Jae,Park, Ki-Ryong,Lee, Chung-Hee,Lee, Joong-Ku,Heo, Kyeong-In,Lee, Ji-Ye,Lee, Eun-Je National Science Museum of Korea 2011 Journal of Korean nature Vol.4 No.3

We developed the educational purpose mobile application, named "Wild Flowers of Bukhansan National Park (version 1.0)", aiming for easy identification of wild flowers for students and visitors in the park. When visitors find a flower or part of plant in the park, visitors can search for its name utilizing the pictures and characters provided in their own smartphone mobile devices or tablet PCs. The application provides pictures of wild flowers in the park and character-based searching system based on 12 diagnostic features (e.g., growth form, leaf arrangement, flower symmetry, petal color, petal number, sepal number, etc). We adopted the complete floristic survey of Chung and Lee (1962) and added species that we confirmed their distribution in the park during the development of this application. In summary, number of vascular plants in this park was estimated to be 428 taxa including 100 families, 280 genera, 327 species, 1 subspecies, 50 varieties, and 5 formas. We provided a total of 588 pictures representing 358 taxa and each taxon includes multiple pictures in many cases. Included identification quizzes can be an efficient educational tool as well as fun activity for students and visitors who are learning plant species in Korea. Our next step will include GPS function in the application for indicating visitor's location and for providing previously reported sites of the species that we interested in the map of the park. The future application which includes GPS function will be a valuable tool for the monitoring of rare plants, plant researches related to the climate changes, etc. We currently provide Korean iPhone version only, and English version and both of android versions will be serviced soon.

A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea

Yong Sung Choi,정성훈,김은선,Eun Sun Kim,Eunhee Lee,Euiseok Jung,So-Yeon Lee,이우령,Hye Sun Yoon,Yong Joo Kim,Ji Kyoung Park,Son Moon Shin,Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim 대한신생아학회 2022 Neonatal medicine Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Pediatricians have a significant responsibility to educate mothers about the importance of breastfeeding. However, there have been minimal efforts in the courses of resident training in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude before and after a 4-week breastfeeding educational intervention among multicenter residents. Methods: Prospective interventional educational research was designed for residents at eight training hospitals in Korea. Institutional reviews were obtained in each hospital. The education curriculum consisted of 14 courses regarding breastfeeding theory and practice. These materials were used to teach pediatric residents for 4 weeks. Knowledge-based tests were administered before the course, and re-tests were administered after the course using different test items of similar levels. Test scores and survey responses were compared before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 73 residents (1st year 20, 2nd year 23, 3rd year 16, and 4th year residents 14) from eight training hospitals completed the intervention. Their average age was 30.3±2.9 years, 17 (23.3%) were male, 22 (30.1%) were married, and eight had more than one child of their own. The mean pre-test score was 61.8±13.4 and the mean post-test score was 78.3±7.5 (P<0.001). The inter-grade difference in the score was significant in the pre-test (P=0.005), but not significant in the post-test (P=0.155). There were more responses of obtaining confidence after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, pediatric residents showed improvement in their knowledge and confidence level after 4 weeks of the breastfeeding curriculum. This will provide a basis for future policymaking in the training of pediatric residents regarding breastfeedReceived: 6 January 2022 Revised: 15 February 2022 Accepted: 15 February 2022 Correspondence to: Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3390 Fax: +82-2-3010-6978 E-mail: arkim@amc.seoul.kr A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea Yong-Sung Choi, MD,PhD1, Sung-Hoon Chung, MD, PhD2, Eun Sun Kim, MD, PhD3, Eun Hee Lee, MD4, Euiseok Jung, MD5, So Yeon Lee, MD, PhD5, Wooryoung Lee, MD6, Hye Sun Yoon, MD, PhD7, Yong Joo Kim, MD, PhD8, Ji Kyoung Park, MD, PhD9, Son Moon Shin, MD, PhD9, and Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD, PhD5 1Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea 2Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea 4Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 5Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 7Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea 8Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 9Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 pISSN 2287-9412 . eISSN 2287-9803 Copyright(c) 2022 By Korean Society of Neonatology This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article 29 Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 ing in Korea.

감염된 가축과의 직접 접촉 없이 발생한 브루셀라증 환자1례와 축산 부산물 시장에서의 역학조사 : Sero-epidemiology Study on Market, by-product, Stock-raising

정성주,김성범,박대원,정혜원,기세윤,권정아,박만석,박미연,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

브루셀라증은 전 세계적으로 발생하는 인수공통 전염병중에 하나로서, 본 증례는 국내에서 감염된 가축에 대한 노출력이 없는 집단에서 현증 브루셀라증이 발생한 첫 증례이기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고한다. 또한 환자가 근무하였던 축산물 부산물 시장에서 역학 조사를 실시하여, 현증환자 및 기감염자를 발견하여 축산물 부산물 시장 근무자에서 현증 브루셀라증이 발생할 위험성을 평가하였다. 역학 조사 결과 축산물 부산물을 다루는 일을 하는 사람들에서 감염된 가축과의 직접 접촉이 없이도 브루셀라증이 발생할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. Brucellosis is a world-wide zoonotic disease. We report the first case of brucellosis in South Korea that is not related to direct contract with intected cattles. The patient had been working in the market of by-product, stock raising for twenty years and complained of 1-month history of fever, chill, and intermittent epistaxis. We confirmed brucellosis by anti-brucella antibody test and PCR. After 6 weeks' treatment with rifampicin and doxycycline, fever and chilling subsided, and, generalized weakness and oral intake improved. We performed seroepidemiology study against workers who were working in the same market as the patient. However, we couldn't find out other cases with seropositivity. We concluded that although the workers of by-product market have a risk of getting brucellosis, the risk is low.

보호지역 경계조정을 위한 공간의사결정지원모델 연구 -지리산 국립공원을 사례로-

성혜정 ( Hye Jung Sung ),권혁수 ( Hyuk Soo Kwon ),서창완 ( Chang Wan Seo ),박종화 ( Chong Hwa Park ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this study are to develop a SDSS (Spatial Decision Support System) that can incorporate diverse opinions of stakeholders related the designation of protected areas (PA), and to employ the model for the readjustment of the boundary line of the Jirisan National Park of Korea. The SDSS would lead to more rational and less controversial decision-making during the expansion or removal of PA in Korea. Research methods are as follows. Firstly, to select evaluation criteria for SDSS for PA designation by using expert interview and literature survey. Secondly, to measure their preferences on the designation of additional PA or the removal of a part of PA based on the opinions of various stakeholders such as local residents, environmental groups, or public officials. Thirdly, to produce conservation priority maps based on a multi-criteria decision making technique. The SDSS would be used to rational decision making for the expansion of PA or the release of a certain part of PA by reflecting diverse preferences on biodiversity conservation and economic interest of residents. The visualization of conservation priority maps would also increase the efficiency of such decision making processes. The evaluation criteria for the expansion of PA for biodiversity conservation includes vegetation conservation value, wildlife conservation value, and the habitats of key species. The evaluation criteria for the removal of PA includes the proximity to roads and the boundary of PA, land use types, and conservation zoning of the PA. Preference weights are based on data collected from the Jirisan National Park. Both the conservation priority and removal priority maps are based on land parcels so that property rights of all parcels would be correctly represented.

축구선수의 Detraining과 Retraining이 혈청지질 및 호르몬농도에 미치는 영향

정정화,박재현,채종훈,성혜련,황지인,윤미숙,노금선,윤종관,윤영학,노순덕,정경숙,박일규,김은희,박현태,박상갑 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of detraining and retraining on serum lipid and hormones in soccer players. Subjects were seven male high-school soccer players. V˙O_2max was determined for each subjects by administering a treadmill test(initial speed: 90m/min, grade: 5%, increasing speed per 3 min: 30m/min). Serum lipid(T-C, TG, HDL-C LDL-C) and hormones(epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormones, cortisol) were assayed pre and post detraining in 10, 20, 30 days after retraining. The repeated ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for the study. The results of the study were as follows: 1. V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3576.3±204.2ml/min pre detraining, 3234.1±198.9 ml/min post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3601.4±170.9 ml/min. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 2. V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were significantly(p<.05) decreased from 62.3±2.9 ml/kg/min to 55.9±4.7 ml/kg/min in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were 62.4±3.4ml/kg/min, 62.7±2.3ml.kg/min, 67.3±7.2ml/kg/min respectively. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 3. T-C were significantly (p<.05) increased from 166.6±8.5mg/dl to 175.3±10.3 mg/dl in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, T-C were 160.1± 3.2mg/dl, 156.7±3.7mg/dl, 140.3±9.0mg/dl. There were significantly(p<.05) decreased in retraining periods. 4. HDL-C were 61.4±6.6mg/di pre detraining, 5.3±6.6mg/dl post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, HDL-C were 56.9±7.1mg/dl, 56.4±9.2mg/dl, 57.7±9.1mg/dl respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. 5. The hormones(epinephrine. norepinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol) were changed as same patterns. Epinephrine were 26.0±7.0[g/ml pre detraining, 24.6±3.2pg/ml post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, epinephrine were 26.9±5.6pg/ml, 30.6±6.2pg/ml, 29.4±5.6pg/ml respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. In conclusion, HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were decreased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were increased in detraining. But HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were increased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were decreased in retraining.

The rs196952262 Polymorphism of the AGPAT5 Gene is Associated with Meat Quality in Berkshire Pigs

Woo Bum Park,Sang Mi An,Go Eun Yu,Seulgi Kwon,Jung Hye Hwang,Da Hye Park,Deok Gyeong Kang,Tae Wan Kim. Hwa Chun Park1. Jeongim Ha*.,Chul Wook Kim* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6

High-quality meat is of great economic importance to the pig industry. The 1-acylglycerol-3- phosphate-O-acyltransferase 5 (AGPAT5) enzyme converts lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid in the mitochondrial membrane. In this study, we found that the porcine AGPAT5 gene was highly expressed in muscle tissue, influencing meat characteristics, and we also identified a non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP) (rs196952262, c.673 A>G) in the gene, associated with a change of isoleucine 225 to valine. The presence of this nsSNP was significantly associated with meat color (lightness), lower cooking loss, and lower carcass temperatures 1, 4, and 12 h after slaughter (items T1, T4, and T12 on the recognized quality scale, respectively), and tended to increase backfat thickness and the waterholding capacity. These results suggest that nsSNP (c.673A>G) of the AGPAT5 gene is a potential genetic marker of high meat quality in pigs.

크론병으로 인한 십이지장-대장 누공의 Endoloop과 Hemoclip을 이용한 수술 전 내시경적 결찰 증례보고

박미성 ( Mi Sung Park1 ),김원진 ( Won Jin Kim ),허지혜 ( Ji Hye Huh ),박수정 ( Soo Jung Park ),홍성필 ( Sung Pil Hong ),김태일 ( Tae Il Kim ),김원호 ( Won Ho Kim ),천재희 ( Jae Hee Cheon ) 대한소화기학회 2013 대한소화기학회지 Vol.61 No.2

Duodeno-colonic fistula is an enterocolonic fistula that occurs as a complication of Crohn`s disease. Symptoms of duodeno colonic fistula are similar to those of Crohn`s disease, such as weight loss and diarrhea. The treatment of choice is surgery, although medical treatment may also be considered. However, surgery is recommended when all available medical therapies have been ineffective. In this case, we report a secondary duodeno-colonic fistula due to Crohn`s disease that was temporarily managed by an endoscopic procedure with a detached endoloop and hemoclips as a bridging therapy to final surgical repair.

회귀분석(regression analysis)을 이용한 개인별 혈중알콜농도의 감소율 계산

홍성욱,권미아,최혜진,박용훈,인상환,김동우,정주연,우상희,박혜성 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-