우울장애 환자에서 자살 시도와 트립토판 수산화 효소(Tryptophan Hydroxylase) A218C 유전자 다형성과의 관련성

심세훈,황보영,권영준,정희연,이분희,김용구 대한신경정신의학회 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.2

Objectives : Several lines of evidence suggest the serotonergic dysfunction involved in the biological susceptibility of suicide. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin, Plays a vital role in serotonin metabolism. In a case-control study, we investigated whether the TPH gene was a susceptible factor for suicidal behavior in depressive patients. Methods : The subjects were 218 depressed patients who attempted suicide and visited emergency rooms in multi-medical centers. One hundred thirty hospitalized non-suicidal depressed patients and the 161 normal controls were matched with the suicidal group. Individuals in all 3 groups were evaluated independently by a Structured Clinical Interview for the purpose of establishing a DSM-IV criteria diagnosis (SCID). The severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated using Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS). Results : There was no significant difference in genotype distributions and allele frequencies of TPH intron 7 A218C polymorphisms among 3 groups. Furthermore, no significant difference in genotype counts and allele frequencies of the polymorphisms was found among lethal suicidal depressed patients, non-suicidal depressed patients and the normal controls. Conclusion : This study suggests that the A218C polymorphism of the TPH gene is unlikely to have a major effect on the susceptibility of suicidal behaviors in depressive patients.

자살 시도에 영향을 미치는 정신사회적 요인

허지원,최광연,이분희,심세훈,양종철,김용구 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.2

Objectives : A lots of studies have investigated the psychosocial characteristics of suicidal attempters in order to find eff-cient coping strategy and treatment intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychosocial factors affecting the suicide attempt in psychiatric patients. Methods : Two hundred eighty patients who attempted suicide and admitted in the emergency room in 3 university hospitals from December 2003 to May 2006 were recruited in this study. The patients were interviewed using Structured Clinical Inter-view for DSM-IV Axis I disorder (SCID-RV), Lethality of Suicide Attempt Ratings Scale (LSARS) and Risk-Rescue Rating system (RRR). Results : The suicide attempters have psychosocial characteristics of female preponderance, age 20-39, high school in educational level, married in marriage condition, inoccupation, house makers in occupation. Most of attempters used the non-severe methods such as drug ingestion or wrist cutting, and selected home as the place of attempt. The delay until discovery was less than 4 hours for most suicide attempters, and the rate of asking for help directly or dropping clues were high. Major depressive disorder was the most common psychiatric illness among attempters. Conclusions : The present study would be the early stage to explore the risk factor and protect factor of suicidal attempt. This study suggests that the closed observation to potential-suicidal attempter in daily life is critical to protect against the fatal results due to suicidal attempts.

한국인 주요우울장애 환자에서 혈중 ACTH, Cortisol 농도와 해밀턴 우울 평가 척도의 신체증상 항목과의 상관관계

여혜빈,김린,함병주,심세훈,권영준,정희연,정한용,한상우,이민수,이화영 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical(HPA) system dysregulation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. Medically unexplained somatic symptoms comprised the predominant complaints of korean patients with major depressive disorder. It might be related to dysregulation of HPA system and somatic symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Hamilton Depression Rating Scale severity and the Plasma Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH) & Serum Cortisol level in Korean patients with major depressive disorder. Methods:Our study design was prospective. A total 111 hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder (DSM-IV) at Anam Hospital, Korea University Medical Center between Jan 2009 and May 2011 were selected. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was measured by psychiatrist. Plasma ACTH, Serum Cortisol levels were analyzed at the time of admission. Results:There are significant correlations(p<0.05) between Hamilton Depression Rating Scale of somatic component(HAM-D 11-15 item) and Plasma ACTH and Serum Cortisol level. However, other HAM-D sub items were not significantly correlated with Plasma ACTH and Serum Cortisol level except somatic component. Conclusion:Our Study results suggest that hyperactivity of HPA axis might be correlation with somatic symptoms in korean patients with major depressive disorder.

분무 열분해에 의한 Ba1-xSrxFe12O19계 자성 미립자의 제조 및 특성 변화

김동현,김광만,김경남,최세영,심인보,이용근 大韓齒科器材學會 2004 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Magnetic particles with alternating magnetic field are expected to be useful as thermoseeds in hyperthermic cancer treatment, since they can be targeted and confined to the cancer site. Hard magnetic ferrites such as barium ferrite and strontium ferrite are good candidates for thermoseeds of hyperthermia because of their great hysteresis loss. In order to verify the effect of Sr-substitution to Ba-site, synthesized Ba1-xSrxFe12O19 microspheres with various compositions through spray pyrolysis followed by sol synthesis using barium nitrate, strontium acetate and iron nitrate. Coercive force was increased with increasing substitution amount of Sr whereas magnetic saturation was almost constant. Spherical microspheres with average diameter of 11.7~17.0 ㎛ were produced by spray pyrolysis at 400~1000℃. The mean size was dependent on the pyrolysis temperature and flow rate of carrier gas. In order to obtain a single phase of SrFe12O19 crystal, the spray pyrolyzed spheres were undertaken subsequent heat-treatment above 1000℃. During the subsequent heat-treatment, however, spherical microspheres were agglomerated because of necking between particles. Further study has to be continued working on synthesis of pure SrFe12O19 crystal by means of improvement of pyrolysis temperature scheme and extend the heating period.

Generation of Functional Dopamine Neurons from Neural Precursor Cells Isolated from the Subventricular Zone and White Matter of the Adult Rat Brain Using Nurr1 Overexpression

Shim, Jae-Won,Park, Chang-Hwan,Bae, Yong-Chul,Bae, Jin-Young,Chung, Seungsoo,Chang, Mi-Yoon,Koh, Hyun-Chul,Lee, Hyun-Seob,Hwang, Se-Jin,Lee, Ki-Hwan,Lee, Yong-Sung,Choi, Cha-Yong,Lee, Sang-Hun Wiley (John WileySons) 2007 Stem Cells Vol.25 No.5

<P>Neural precursor (NP) cells from adult mammalian brains can be isolated, expanded in vitro, and potentially used as cell replacement source material for treatment of intractable brain disorders. Reduced ethical concerns, lack of teratoma formation, and possible ex vivo autologous transplantation are critical advantages to using adult NP donor cells over cells from fetal brain tissue or embryonic stem cells. However, the usage of adult NP cells is limited by the ability to induce specific neurochemical phenotypes in these cells. Here, we demonstrate induction of a dopaminergic phenotype in NP cells isolated from the subventricular zone (SVZ) and white matter of rodent adult brains using overexpression of the nuclear receptor Nurr1 in vitro. Forced expression of Nurr1, a transcriptional factor specific to midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron development, caused in the adult cells an acquisition of the DA neurotransmitter phenotype and sufficient differentiation toward morphologically, phenotypically, and ultrastructurally mature DA neurons. Co-expression of neurogenic factor Mash1 and treatment with neurogenic cytokines brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 greatly enhanced Nurr1-induced DA neuron yield. The Nurr1-induced DA neurons demonstrated in vitro presynaptic DA neuronal functionality, releasing DA neurotransmitter in response to depolarization stimuli and specific DA reuptake. Furthermore, Nurr1-engineered adult SVZ NP cells survived, integrated, and differentiated into DA neurons in vivo that can reverse the behavioral deficit in the host striatum of parkinsonian rats. These findings open the possibility for the use of precursor cells from adult brains as a cell source for neuronal replacement treatment of Parkinson disease. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.</P>

베타세포 손상에 대한 오배자 추출물의 세포보호작용

안세영(Se-Young Ahn),김용석(Yong-Seok Kim),두호경(Ho-Kyung Doo),박인선(In-Sun Park),성제경(Je-Kyeong Sung),심영준(Young-Jun Shim),민본홍(Bon-Hong Min) 대한해부학회 2003 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.36 No.3

오배자의 수용성 추출물은 alpha-glucosidase의 활성억제를 통해 장관에서의 탄수화물 분해를 방해하여 포도당흡수를 억제 함으로서 식후 혈당농도 (postprandial blood glucose)를 낮추는 효과가 있음이 보고된 바 있다(Shim et al., 2003). 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 오배자 추출물이 베타세포에 대한 보호작용을 함으로 항 당뇨효과를 나타낼 수 있는지를 관찰하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 흰쥐 (Sprague-Dawley rat)에 오배자 추출물을 지속적으로 투여하는 동안 streptozotocin (STZ)으로 당 뇨병을 유도한 후 이자조직과 혈당의 변화를 관찰하였다. STZ에 의한 당뇨유발은 신생쥐에 STZ을 투여하는 모델 (신생쥐 /STZ)과 osmotic pump에 의해 일정량의 STZ이 지속적으로 투여되는 방법을 이용하였다. 신생쥐/STZ 모델에서 오배자를 투여하지 않은 대조군에서는 외분비 선포조직의 일부 소엽에서 완연한 염증반응과 조직퇴화현상이 관찰되었으며 심한 림 프세포의 침윤이 관찰되었다. 특히 이러한 염증소엽의 이자섬 (islet)들은 매우 작아져 있거나 몇 개의 세포무리로 구성된 경우도 있었다. 특히 염증이 없는 이자소엽에 존재하는 일부 이자섬들에서도 림프구침윤에 의한 인슐린염증현상을 비롯 하여 베타세포의 손상에 의한 조직변형이 나타났다. 이에 비하여 오배자를 투여한 동물의 이자조직은 전술한 바와 같은 염증성 이자소엽은 거의 관찰되지 않았으며, 이자섬에서도 염증반응이 발견되지 않았다. 이때, 대부분 이자섬들이 중심부 베타세포-주변부 알파세포의 세포배열과 정상 크기를 유지하고 있었다. Osmotic pump를 실험동물의 피하에 이식하여 STZ (15 mg/kg/day)을 48시간 동안 일정한 농도로 투여한 당뇨병모델에서는 오배자를 투여하지 않은 경우 대부분 동물들 이 고혈당 (¤200 mg/dl)을 나타냈다. 이들의 이자의 조직소견은 대체로 신생쥐/STZ모델과 유사 하였으나 일부 이자섬 조 직들에서 나타나는 인슐린염증의 정도가 더 심한 것이 많았으며, 알파세포의 이상증식에 의한 소위 ‘변형이자섬(remodeled islet)’ 또는 ‘거대신생이자 섬 (giant neogenic islet)’이 관찰되었다. 이 모델에서 오배자를 투여한 실험동물의 이자조직에서는 변형된 이자섬 및 거대신생이자 섬의 출현이 드물었으며, 고혈당증이 지연되어 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과들은 오배자 추 출물이 식후혈당을 조절함으로 베타세포에 대한 당독성 (glucotoxicity)을 낮출 뿐 아니라 항염증작용에 의한 베타세포보호 작용이 있음을 시사하는 것이다. We have previously reported that aqueous extract of gall from Rhus chinensis, known as “Obaeja”, inhibited rat intestinal alpha-glucosidase and suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia by delaying digestion and absorption of intestinal carbohydrate (Shim et al., 2003). This led us to speculate that obaeja could be involved in ameliorating beta-cell injury by lowering glucotoxicity. In the present study, we thus examined the protective effect of obaeja on pancreatic beta-cell damage along with its anti-diabetic effect in streptozotocin-induced animal models. Streptozotocin was administered to rat pups (neonate/STZ model), or to adult rats with a lower dose using osmotic pump (osmotic pump/STZ model) for inducing beta cell death and diabetes. Obaeja was given to those rat pups after weaning in neonate/STZ model, or 2 weeks before subcutaneous implantation of osmotic pump to rats of the other latter model. In the diabetic control rats of the neonate/STZ model, which were not fed with obaeja, some pancreatic islets demonstrated a destruction of beta cell mass with insulitis 2 weeks after weaning, while some larger and irregular islets were formed by proliferation of alpha cells. In particular, we found some pancreatic lobules showing a severe inflammation and degeneration of islet and acinar tissues in this model. Islets in these inflammatory lobules were smaller in size with only few cells. In contrast, any inflammatory responses and insulitis were not observed in pancreas of the rats fed obaeja in this model. The islets in those rats maintained their normal profiles and islet cell population. Such anti-cytotoxic effect was also monitored in the diabetic rats of osmotic pump/STZ model. Especially, occurrence of hyperglycemia in the obaeja fed rats was delayed by 25~30 days than that of diabetic control rats in this model. Taken together, these results imply that regulation of postprandial blood glucose level by obaeja feeding may ameliorate a secondary injury caused by glucotoxicity.

EPON의 동적 대역 할당 방안에서 우선순위 트래픽의 패킷 손실률과 지연 성능 분석

심세용(Se Yong Shim),박철근(Chul Geun Park),이서영(Seo Young Lee) 한국통신학회 2004 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.11

최근접 이웃 규칙 기반 프로토타입 선택과 편의-분산을 이용한 성능 평가

심세용(Se-Yong Shim),황두성(Doo-Sung Hwang) 대한전자공학회 2015 전자공학회논문지 Vol.52 No.10

이 논문은 프로토타입 선택 방법을 제안하고, 편의-분산 분해를 이용하여 최근접 이웃 알고리즘과 프로토타입 기반 분류학습의 일반화 성능 비교 평가에 있다. 제안하는 프로토타입 분류기는 클래스 영역 내에서 가변 반지름을 이용한 다차원 구를 정의하고, 적은 수의 프로토타입으로 구성된 새로운 훈련 데이터 집합을 생성한다. 최근접 이웃 분류기는 새 훈련 집합을 이용하여 테스트 데이터의 클래스를 예측한다. 평균 기대 오류의 편의와 분산 요소를 분해하여 최근접 이웃 규칙, 베이지안 분류기, 고정 반지름을 이용한 프로토타입 선택 방법, 제안하는 프로토타입 선택 방법의 일반화 성능을 비교한다. 실험에서 제안하는 프로토타입 분류기의 편의-분산 변화 추세는 모든 훈련 데이터를 사용하는 최근접 이웃 알고리즘과 비슷한 편의-분산 추세를 보였으며, 프로토타입 선택 비율은 전체 데이터의 평균 약 27.0% 이하로 나타났다. The paper proposes a prototype selection method and evaluates the generalization performance of standard algorithms and prototype based classification learning. The proposed prototype classifier defines multidimensional spheres with variable radii within class areas and generates a small set of training data. The nearest-neighbor classifier uses the new training set for predicting the class of test data. By decomposing bias and variance of the mean expected error value, we compare the generalization errors of k-nearest neighbor, Bayesian classifier, prototype selection using fixed radius and the proposed prototype selection method. In experiments, the bias-variance changing trends of the proposed prototype classifier are similar to those of nearest neighbor classifiers with all training data and the prototype selection rates are under 27.0% on average.

EPON의 DBA 방안에서 실시간 트래픽의 패킷 손실률과 지연 성능 분석

심세용(Se Yong Shim),박철근(Chul Geun Park) 대한전기학회 2004 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2004 No.11

기관지 천식 환자에서 천식 증상의 정도에 따른 β2 교감신경 수용체의 유전자 다형성

심재정 ( Jae Jeong Shim ),김제형 ( Jei Hyung Kim ),이승룡 ( Seung Yong Lee ),권영환 ( Young Hwan Kwan ),이소라 ( So Ra Lee ),이상엽 ( Sang Youb Lee ),강세용 ( Se Yong Kang ),강용구 ( Yong Koo Kang ),조재연 ( Jae Youn Cho ),인광호 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1998 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.45 No.1