해수유통시설에 따른 대흑산도항 오염확산양상 변화

강주환,문승록,박선중,정재웅 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study was performed to predict some aspects of tidal currents and pollutant dispersion according to the facilities for seawater exchange in order to improve the water quality in Daeheuksando. A numerical simulation was executed, using the hydrodynamic module and advection dispersion module in MIKE 21 program. As a result of hydrodynamic simulation, it did not show change greatly in all cases. But, cutting part of Jungang-breakwater increased greatly than other area. When cut inside part in Jungang-breakwater, pollutant density of Yeri area decreased greatly by the ratio of 0.40 as compared with other cases. Also, dispersion extent diffused whole area of inside sea area of Daeheuksando. This case is the most effective for seawater exchange inside sea area of Jungang-breakwater.

지역사회획득 폐렴의 치료지침 권고안

송재훈,정기석,강문원,김도진,배현주,서지영,심태선,안중현,안철민,우준희,이남용,이동건,이미숙,이상무,이영선,이혁민,정두련,지역사회획득 폐렴 치료지침 제정위원회 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.3

A successful therapy of community-acquired pneumonia requires appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy. Etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of major pathogens of pneumonia can differ by country. Therefore, an ideal treatment guideline of community-acquired pneumonia should be based on the studies performed in each country. We developed a treatment guideline for community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent adults in Korea. This guideline was developed by the joint committee of the Korean Society for Chemotherapy, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, and the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory diseases.

特用資源植物의 硏究 : 한국임학회지에 게재된 논문을 중심으로 Based on the Articles Published in the Journal of Korean Forestry

이재선,김철우,배찬호,송재모,강효진,황석인,문흥규 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2003 Journal of Forest Science Vol.19 No.-

한국임학회지 (1962년의 1호~2002년의 91권 6호)에 게재된 특용자원식물 관련 논문에서 식·음용식물, 약용식물, 사료식물, 조경식물, 섬유식물, 산업용식물 및 밀원식물로 분류하고 그 내용에 따라 입지환경, 생태, 생리, 번식, 조림(또는 무육, 재배), 유전·육종, 분류(또는 식별), 병·충해와 방제, 동물피해와 방제, 성분분석, 식생정보, 생물공학, 경영·경제 및 총설로 나누었다. 총 1,434편의 발표 논문 중 유용식물자원을 대상으로 한 논문은 27.6%를 차지하는 396편이었고, 내용은 식생정보 60편(15.2%), 생리 56편(14.1%), 유전·육종 56편(14.1%), 번식 53편(13.4%) 및 생태 37편(9.3%)이었다. 조림(무육·재배)은 11편(2.8%)으로 특용자원식물의 규모경영이 이루어지지 않고 있음을 시사하고 있으며, 이것은 경영·경제 분야가 6편(1.5%)인 것과 맥을 같이 하고 있었다. 연구대상 식물은 잣나무(42편), 아까시나무(23편), 밤나무(14편) 및 은행나무(14편) 순으로 높았고, 이 식물들과 관련한 연구내용은 번식, 생리, 유전·육종, 생태 및 병·충해 순이었다. 연구의 목적, 내용, 결과 및 대상식물 등을 고려하여 보면, 1) 초본식물에 대한 보다 많은 연구, 2) 타산업 또는 학분 분야와의 공동연구, 3) 자원 보전적 연구 및 4) 연구주체자 간의 연구결과의 공유 등이 매우 요망된다. The articles, published in the Journal of Korean Forestry from Number 1(1962) to number 6, Volume 91(2002), were surveyed and investigated for the research trend analysis about resource-plants for special use or purpose, i.e edible plants, medicinal plants, feed resource, landscape plants, fiber plants, industrial usage, and bee plants. If the purpose or subject matter of the research was construction or furniture timber production, mushrooms and/or pulp and Paper, such research was not included in this study. These articles were classified again depending on the content of research into 14 categories : habitat environment, ecology, physiology, propagation, silviculture(tending and culture), genetics and breeding, identification, insect and disease control, animal-related research, cemponent analysis, vegetation survey, biotechnology, management, and review. Among the total 1,434 articles published, 396 ones (27,6%) were related with plants for special use or purpose. Vegetation survey was 60(15.2%) ; physiology 56(04.1%) ; genetics and breeding 56(14.1%) ; propagation 53(13.4%) ; and ecology 37(9.3%). Siviculture research field included 11 articles (2.8%), which indicates that the management of resource-plants is to far from economic income as seen in the low number of management research filed articles, i. e., only 6 reports(1.5%). Korean white Pine was most popular for research and included 42 articles ; Robinia pseudoacacia 23 Castanea crenata 14 : and ginkgo tree 14, Research related with these species had focused mainly or propagation, physiotogy, genetics and breeding, ecology and pest control. Based on this survey and analysis, the followings are suggested : 1. More research is required on forest herbaceous plants. 2. Cooperative research work with other industrial and/or scientific area is recommendable for commercialization including medicine, cosmetics, and food etc. 3. Research resource-plant conservation. which includes biology, social education and policy, should be supported for next generation. 4. Mutual correspondence and information exchange about the research results between researchers and institutes is more necessary than now.

진행 위암환자에서 Lymphokine-Activated Killer (LAK) 활성의 저하

홍원선,김영환,송재관,강윤구,이진오,강태웅,김정룡 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Natural killer(NK) and lymphokine-activated killer(LAK) activities were determined in 31 patients with unresectable stomach cancer before and immediately after chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and mitomycin C(FAM) and 31 healthy volunteers. The major purposes of the study were focused on whether peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBL) in stomach cancer patients had a similar ability in the generation of LAK activity to those in healthy volunteers and what the effect was of chemotherapy with FAM on the generation of LAK activity. LAK cells were generated in vitro by culturing human PBL with 100 U/㎖ of recombinant human interleukin-2(rH-IL-2) for 72 hours. K562(human myelogenous leukemia cell line) and MKN-45(human stomach adenocarcinoma cell line) were used as target cells for NK and LAK activities. NK activity against K562, a sensitive line, was significantly depressed in patients with stomach cancer compared with that in healthy volunteers(p<0.01). However, LAK activity against K562 was similar to that of the controls. Age, sex and performance status(ECOG 0-2 and 3-4) did not have an influence on both NK and LAK activities. LAK activity was significantly higher than NK activity, either against K562 or MKN-45, in both healthy volunteers and patients with stomach cancer(p<0.001). NK and LAK activities against MKN-45, a NK-resistant line, in patients with stomach cancer showed significantly lower levels than those in healthy volunteers. We also analyzed the effect of chemotherapy with FAM on NK and LAK activities, with no suppression of NK and LAK activities being observed. In this study, we have demonstrated that PBL of stomach cancer have a reduced ability to generate LAK activity in response to rH-IL-2. However, LAK activity generated from PBL receiving chemotherapy with FAM was similar to that of PBL without chemotherapy.

자연 방사선량 중 우주선 기여 성분 정량 연구

전재식,오희필,하정우,오헌진,강인선 대한방사선 방어학회 1988 방사선방어학회지 Vol.13 No.2

자연 방사선 피폭선량 중 우주선 전리 성분의 기여를 정량하기 위하여 LiF TLD를 이용하여 약 1년반에 걸쳐 3개월 간격의 주기적 측정을 수행하였다. TLD는 세가지를 사용하였는데 그것은 칩과 PTFE원판형으로 된 두 가지의 ?LiF와 중성자 성분의 기여를 가려내기 위한 원판형의 ?LiF였다. 선량측정은 뱃지에 넣은 TLD를 충남대학교 대덕 캠퍼스의 한4층콘크리트 건물내 3층의 한 연구실에 설치한 10-15㎝ 두꼐의 납차폐 상자에 넣어서 90일 간격으로 다섯 주기 동안 수행하였다. 비교 연구를 위하여 3"Φ×3" 원통형NaI(T1) 섬광 검출기와 1024채널 MCA를 이용하여 3MeV 이상의 우주선 경성분에 대한 분광분석을 병행하였는데 그 결과 옥내 차폐체를 이용한 TLD측정치는 옥외 우주선 전리 성분의 약 75%를 측정하고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 차폐 손실을 보정한 TLD측정 결과에 의하면 충남대 대덕 캠퍼스 옥외에서 우주선 전리 성분의 기여는 34.3±1.1nGy-h¹로 나타났는데 이것은 이 측정 지점에서 예측할 수 있었던 선량 값과 매우 잘 일치하는 것이다. In order to quantify the contribution of cosmic-ray ionizing component to the dose given by natural background radiation, a series of measurement has been carried out using LiF TLDs for about one and a half years on quaterly basis. Three different types of LiF TLDs namely, chips and PTFE based disks of ?LiF, and the same disks of ?LiF for identifying possible contribution of neutron component were used. Measurements were made by placing badge-incased TLDs in a lead castle of 10 to 15㎝ thick installed in a room n the third floor of a four-story building in CNU Daedeok campus for 5 cycles of 90 days. For comparison a series of spectrometric study was also performed for the energy region over 3 MeV using a 3"Φ×3"NaI(T1) scintillation detector in association with an MCA of 1024 channels, and it was found that the data obtained by the TLDs placed in the lead castle indicate 75% of the dose given by outdoor cosmicray component. The results obtained by the TLDs through correction for shielding loss show that the outdoor dose contribution of ionizing component of cosmic rays at this campus is 34.3±1.1nGy/h which satisfactorily agrees with that expected for our particular location of measurement.

광주광역시 치매의 유병률과 위험인자의 도시-농촌 지역 비교

신일선,김재민,윤진상,김석재,양수진,김웅장,이승현,강순아,곽지영,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.6

연구목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 광주광역시의 도시 및 농촌 지역에 거주하는 노인에서 치매의 유병률과 위험인자를 조사하고자 하였다. 부가적으로 이 두 지역간에 치매의 유병률과 위험인자를 비교하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 광주광역시의 전형적인 도시와 농촌지역의 65세 이상의 노인(N=1,598)을 대상으로, 2단계의 역학연구를 수행하였다. 1차 선별 단계에서는 38명의 훈련된 연구보조원이 대상노인을 면담하여, 사회인구학적 특징을 조사하고 한국판 간이정신상태검사(Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination ; MMSE-K)로 평가하였다. 2차 임상 진단 단계에서는 1차 단계에서 MMSE-K 점수가 24점 이하인 노인(N=431)을 대상으로, 전문연구팀의 임상적 평가를 통해 치매를 진단하고 원인질환별로 알쯔하이머병(Alzheimer's disease ; AD), 혈관성 치매(vascular dementia ; VaD) 및 기타 치매로 분류하였다. 대상노인에서 치매의 유병률을 측정한 후, 광주광역시 전체 노인의 연령보정 유병률을 산출하였다. 전체 대상에서 AD의 위험인자를 조사한 후, 도시와 농촌군으로 나누어 분석을 다시 시행하였다. 결 과 : 1차 및 2차 단계의 참가율은 각각 71.0%(N=1,134) 및 83.2%(N=410) 였다. 연구 참여 노인(N=1,134)에서 전체 치매, AD 및 VaD의 유병률은 최소 각각 9.7%, 5.2%, 1.8%였다. 광주광역시 전체 노인의 연령 보정 유병률은 각각 10.7%, 5.7%, 1.9%인 것으로 산출되었다. AD의 독립 위험인자는 고령, 여성, 무학이었다. 도시와 농촌에 따른 유병률의 차이는 파악되지 않았다. 그러나 AD의 위험인자는 지역에 따라 차이가 있었다. 도시 노인에게는 무학만이, 농촌 노인에게는 고령과 여성인 경우가 독립 위험인자였다. 결 론 : 광주광역시 노인에서 치매의 유병률은 높았고, 이는 국내 다른 지역에서 수행된 선행연구 결과와 유사하였다. 알쯔하이머형 치매의 위험인자는 도시와 농촌에 따라 다른 결과를 보였다. 본 연구 결과는 한국에서의 치매의 실태를 반영하며, 치매의 적절한 관리와 예방을 위해서는 지역성 특성이 고려되어야 함을 시사한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate and risk factors of dementia in an urban and a rural sample of older persons in the metropolitan Kwangju area, Republic of Korea. In addition, the prevalence rate and risk factors of dementia between the two samples were compared. Methods : A two-phase epidemiological study of residents aged 65 or over(N=1,598) was conducted in a highly developed, urban and a non-contiguous, poorly developed, rural area of metropolitan Kwangju. In the first(screening) phase, 38 trained research assistants collectively peformed in-home interviews for all participants. Detailed sociodemographic characteristics were gathered and the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) was administered. In the second (diagnosing) phase, diagnosis of dementia was established for those scoring 24 or less on the MMSE-K in the screening phase(N=431), and etiological types of dementia were classified to Alzheimer's disease(AD), vascular dementia(VaD) or miscellanous type by two teams of experts. Prevalence rate of dementia was determined in the participants, and age-standardized prevalence rate adjusted by age distribution in metropolitan Kwangju was estimated. For AD, the risk factors were investigated in all participants, and analyses were repeated for the urban and rural samples separately. Results : The participating rates in the first and second phases were 71.0%(N=1,134) and 83.2%(N=410), respectively. In the participants, the prevalence rates of dementia(all types), AD and VaD were 9.7%, 5.2% and 1.8%, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence rates were 10.7%, 5.7% and 1.9%, respectively. Aging, female gender and no education(complete lack of formal education) were identified as independent risk factors for AD. No difference between the urban and rural samples was observed in the prevalence rates of dementia(all types), AD and YaD. However, risk factors for AD differed between these areas. In the urban sample, no education was the only significant factor ; whereas, aging and female gender were identified as risk factors in the rural sample. Conclusion : A high prevalence rate of dementia was observed among old persons in metropolitan Kwangju, consistent with previous studies conducted in other Korean areas. The risk factor profi1es for AD differed between urban and rural settings. The results of this study reflect the current status of dementia in Korea and suggests that appropriate management and prevention strategies for dementia should be tailored toward the geographic settings.

핵간안근마비를 보인 중추신경계 크립토콕쿠스병 1례

이지영,김재일,김기선,강문철,이창민,양대웅,이근호,김상준 대한신경과학회 1997 대한신경과학회지 Vol.15 No.5

심혈관계 질환으로 관상질환 집중치료실에 입원한 환자들의 혜후 측정을 위한 APACHEⅢ점수 체계의 임상적 유용성

이공섭,이창선,최현주,홍종서,강지향,김도형,이민영,오인균,김병엽,김상억,김학찬,한승혜,이재용,지영우,안경주 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

병원 근로자들의 고용형태에 따른 직무 스트레스와 삶의 질의 관계

전은숙,이강숙,이선영,유재희,홍아름 大韓産業醫學會 2009 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

목적 본 연구는 병원에 종사하는 정규직 비정규직 근로자의 직무스트레스와 삶의 질 수준을 파악하고 직무스트레스와 삶의 질과의 관련성 및 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기위해 수행되었다 방법 자기기입형 설문조사를 실시하였으며 정규직 172명 비정규직 189명이 최종 분석하였다 일반적 특성과 한국인 직무스트레스 측정도구-단축형 (Korean occupational stress scale short form) 삶의 질 측정을 위한 도구 WHOQOL-BREF를 사용하였다 결과 정규직에 비해 비정규직에서 직무스트레스 수준이 높았다 정규직은 직무요구도와 직장문화의 항목에서 비정규직은 직무자율성 직무불안정성 보상부적절의 항목에서 직무스트레스 요인이 유의하게 많았다 삶의 질수준은 정규직 근로자에서 유의하게 높았으며 심리적 영역 사회적 영역 생활환경 영역에서 비정규직보다 유의하게 높은 수준을 보였다 결론 정규직과 비정규직 근로자의 직무스트레스 요인과 삶의 질 수준은 달랐다 고용형태를 막론하고 직무스트레스는 삶의 질에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며 비정규직은 직장문화로 인한 스트레스 요인이 많을수록 삶의 질이 낮았다 따라서 병원근로자의 삶의 질 향상을 위하여 적절한 관리 혹은 프로그램이 제공되어야 할 것이며 특히 비정규직 근로자의 직무스트레스를 일으키는 요인들에 대한 적절한 관리가 필요할 것이다 Objective This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between job stress and quality of life for hospital workers by type of employment Methods Data were obtained for 361 workers in a large hospital 172 of whom were categorized as typical workers defined by permanent employee and 189 of whom were categorized as atypical workers defined by fixed term contraction Job stress was assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Questionnaire Results Atypical workers had significantly higher scores for job related stress in the domains Of insufficient control over work job insecurity and lack of reward in the workplace compared with typical workers who had higher scores for stress in the domains of job demands and occupational climate Test scores also indicated that typical workers had a significantly better quality of life than atypical workers especially in terms of mental health social relationships and environment Conclusion These findings suggested that factors contributing to job-related stress were different between typical and atypical hospital and typical workers are likely to have a better quality of life

사람폐암세포주 (PC-14)에서 Cyclosporin A에 의한 Adriamycin 내성의 극복

김영환,홍원선,송재관,강윤구,이진오,강태웅,김건열,한용철 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Cyclosporin A and verapamil were tested using MTT assay to evalute the modification effect on the resistance to adriamycin in a human lung cancer cell line(PC-14) and its resistant subline(PC-14/A). PC-14/A was derived by the continuous exposure of PC-14 to incremental concentrations of adriamycin. PC-14/A was 2.5 times more resistant to adriamycin in terms of ICso than PC-14. Cyclosporin A alone, at a concentration of 2.5㎍/㎖, inhibited the growth of PC-14 to 68.3%. 2.5㎍/ ㎖ and 5.0㎍/㎖ of cyclosporin A showed an increase in the cytotoxicity of adriamycin (p<0.01) with 5.0㎍/㎖ being greater than 2.5㎍/㎖(p<0.01). Excluding the direct cytotoxic effect, however, cyclosporin A did not increase in the sensitivity of PC-14 to adriamycin but only showed an additional cytotoxic effect with adriamycin. Verapamil (up to 6.0㎍/㎖) did not inhibit the growth of PC-14. 3.0㎍/㎖ of verapamil did not increase the cytotoxic effect of adriamycin. The combination of cyclosporin A and verapamil with adriamycin enhanced the cytotoxicity of adriamycin, but the result was similar to that of cyclosporin A with adriamycin. 5.0㎍/㎖ of cyclosporin A modified the adriamycin resistance of PC-14/A(SR, 3.2). However, 3.0㎍/㎖ of verapamil did not significantly reverse the adriamycin resistance of PC-14/A. The modified effect of the combination of 5.0㎍/㎖ of cyclosporin A and 3.0㎍/㎖ of verapamil was similar to that of 5.0㎍/㎖ of cyclosporin A alone in PC-14/A. These results demonstrate that cyclosporin A has an additional cytotoxic effect with adriamycin in PC-14 and PC-14/A and has overcome the acquired resistance to adriamycin in PC-14/A. They also suggest that cyclospoin A may have the therapeutic potential in the treatment of human lung cancer.