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김동휘,김정만,고인준 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4
목적 : 슬개골 골절 치료의 일반적 치료 지침을 얻고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 평균 2.2년간 추적이 가능하였고 내고정을 시행한 23례를 대상으로 하였다. 주 고정 방법은 금속 나사 7례, Dall-Miles' cable을 이용한 환상 강선 고정 14례, 그리고 이들 두 가지 방법의 겸용이 2례였다. 추가 공정으로는 장력대 강선 고정 9례, 부하배분케이블 고정 3례 그리고 이들 두 가지 겸용이 5례였다. 수술 후 고정은 굴곡위로, 가능하면 90°고정을 7일간 시행하였다. 결과 : 전 예에서 유의한 골편 전위 없는 골유합이 이루어졌다. 일 례를 제외한 전 례에서 완전 운동 범위를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론 : 고정 방법의 선택은 골절의 분쇄 정도, 골의 강도, 골절 부위 및 연부 조직의 손상 정도에 따른 개별화가 필요하다. 강력한 고정, 초기 굴곡위 고정과 조기 관절운동으로 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. Purpose : To establish general guide line in the treatment of the patellar fracture. Materials and Methods : Twenty three patellar fractures followed for 2.2 years in average, treated with internal fixation were evaluated retrospectively. The primary fixations were the metal screw fixation in 7, the Dall-Mlles' cable circumferential fixation in 14 and combination of both methods in 2 cases. The additional fixations were the tension band wiring in 9, the load sharing cable fixation in 3 and combination of both methods in 5 cases. The initial postoperative immobilazation of the knee joint in flexion, preferably 90°, for 7 days was effective to gain full range of motion. Results : Complete union without displacement was achieved in all cases. Full ROM was achieved in all cases except one. Conclusion : The choice of internal fixation need to be individualized according to the level of comminution, bone strength, fracture site and soft tissue damage. A strong internal fixation, initial immobilization in flexion followed by early ROM exercise were important factors to gain good result.
장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4
Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.
Articles : Low Temperature Oxidation of CO over Supported PdCl2-CuCl2 Catalysts
( Dong Jun Koh ),( Jae Hwal Song ),( Sung Won Ham ),( In Sik Nam ),( Rae Woong Chang ),( Eun Duck Park ),( Jae Sung Lee ),( Young Gul Kim ) 한국화학공학회 1997 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.14 No.6
PdCl₂-CuCl₂catalyst supported on activated carbon was examined for the low temperature oxidation of CO. The catalyst developed in the present study was active and stable at ambient conditions if water were existing in the feed gas stream. The addition of Cu(NO₃)₂into the PdCl₂-CuCl₂catalyst significantly enhanced the CO oxidation activity. X-ray diffraction study revealed that the role of Cu(NO₃)₂was to stabilize active Cu(Ⅱ) species, Cu₂Cl(OH)₃, on the catalyst surface which maintains the redox property of palladium. When HCl and SO₂were also existing in the feed, they easily inactivated the catalyst. It was found that HCl and SO₂inhibited the formation of active Cu(Ⅱ) species on the catalyst surface.
Koh, Young Jun,Koh, Bong Ihn,Kim, Honsoul,Joo, Hyung Joon,Jin, Ho Kyoung,Jeon, Jongwook,Choi, Chulhee,Lee, Dong Hun,Chung, Jin Ho,Cho, Chung-Hyun,Park, Won Seok,Ryu, Ji-Kan,Suh, Jun Kyu,Koh, Gou Young Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2011 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.31 No.5
조절된 천식 소아에서 약제 중단 후 외래용 간이 폐활량계를 이용하여 정기적으로 평가한 기도가역성 지표의 변화: 예비 연구
이의준 ( Eui Jun Lee ),김경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Kim ),이주경 ( Ju Kyung Lee ),송준혁 ( Jun Hyuk Song ),박준동 ( June Dong Park ),고영률 ( Young Yull Koh ),서동인 ( Dong In Suh ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 2012 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.22 No.4
목 적 : 잘 조절된 천식 소아에서 조절 약제의 사용 중단후, 폐 기능 지표를 외래용 간이 폐활량계로 측정하여 그 변화 양상을 관찰하고 호흡기 증상 악화 여부와의 연관성을 평가하였다. 방 법 : 예비 연구로서 서울대학교병원 소아청소년과에 내원하여 지속성 천식으로 확진 받고 조절제를 사용 중인 학동기 소아로, 3개월 이상 잘 조절된 상태가 유지되는 소아 20명을 대상으로 조절제를 중단하고 12주 동안 추적 관찰하였다. 조절제 중단 당일, 2주, 6주, 12주 차에 외래에 내원하여 천식 조절 상태에 대한 설문과 이학적 검진을 시행하고, 휴대용 폐활량계로 기관지 확장제 흡입 전후의 폐 기능지표를 측정하여 그 추이를 관찰하고 임상 소견과의 연관성을 평가하였다. 결 과 : 총 13명(65%)의 소아가 조절 상태를 유지한 채추적 관찰을 완료하였는데, 이들에서 기관지 확장제 반응(BDRFEV1, BDRPEFR)은 방문 시기별 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 각 관찰 시기별로 천식 증상을 보였거나 천명음을 청진할 수 있었던 증상 악화군과 나머지 안정군은 기관지 확장제 반응 뿐 아니라 폐 기능 검사 지표 (FEV1, PEFR)에 있어 차이를 보이지 않았다. 한편 모든 측정 시점에서 측정된 BDRFEV1과 BDRPEFR은 동일 소아에서 반복 측정된 영향을 보정하여 산출 시, 좋은 상관 관계를 보였다. 결 론: 잘 조절된 천식 소아에서 조절제 사용 중단 시 다수에서 천식 악화는 관찰되지 않았으나, 외래용 간이 폐활량계를 이용하여 평가한 폐 기능 지표가 호흡기 증상 악화에 따라 차이가 있음을 규명할 수는 없었다. 따라서 약제 중단후 천식 상태의 평가에서 외래용 간이 폐활량계의 유용성에 대해서는 향후 보다 큰 규모의 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : It is important to assess the level of control in asthmatic children who were well-controlled and thus discontinued controller medications. Office spirometry has been regarded to provide objective measures. We aimed to see time changes in lung function indices measured by the office spirometry and their relationship to clues for asthma exacerbation after discontinuation of controller medications. Methods : As a pilot study, a total of 20 well-controlled children with persistent asthma were included. After discontinuing controller medications, each made follow-up visits at the 2nd, 6th, and 12th week. At each visit, spirometric values before and after bronchodilators were evaluated by the office-based spirometer. Time changes and their relationship to clues for asthma exacerbation were assessed. Results : Among 20 children, 13 (65%) were successfully followed-up for 12 weeks with asthma kept stable. They presented similar spirometric values (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR], bronchodilator responses [BDRs] based on the FEV1 and PEFR) across all time-points. No differences in spirometric values were found between those who were stable and those who exhibited clues for asthma exacerbation. BDRs calculated from FEV1 values (BDRFEV1) correlated well with those calculated from PEFR values (BDRPEFR). Conclusion : When controller medications were discontinued in children with well-controlled asthma, many of them were able to maintain the stable condition. Since the spirometric measures including BDR failed to differentiate clues for asthma exacerbation, the usefulness of office spirometry needs to be reevaluated by the larger population of children with controlled asthma after discontinuing medications. [Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis(Korea) 2012;22:336-343]
Nam Ji Hyung,Koh Myung,Kang Hyoun Woo,Ryu Kum Hei,Lee Dong Seok,Kim Su Hwan,Jang Dong Kee,Jeong Ji Bong,Kim Ji Won,Lee Kook Lae,Oh Dong Jun,Lim Yun Jeong,Koh Seong-Joon,Im Jong Pil,Kim Joo Sung 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.2
Background/Aims: The protective effects of vitamin D and calcium on colorectal neoplasms are known. Bone mineral density (BMD) may be a reliable biomarker that reflects the long-term anticancer effect of vitamin D and calcium. This study aimed to evaluate the association between BMD and colorectal adenomas including high-risk adenoma. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted among participants with average risk of colorectal cancer who underwent BMD and screening colonoscopy between 2015 and 2019. The main outcome was the detection of colorectal neoplasms. The variable under consideration was low BMD (osteopenia/osteoporosis). The logistic regression model included baseline demographics, components of metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease status, and aspirin and multivitamin use. Results: A total of 2,109 subjects were enrolled. The mean age was 52.1±10.8 years and 42.6% were male. The adenoma detection rate was 43%. Colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma were both more prevalent in subjects with low BMD than those with normal BMD (48.2% vs 38.8% and 12.1% vs 9.1%). In the univariate analysis, old age, male sex, smoking, metabolic components, fatty liver, and osteoporosis were significantly associated with the risk of adenoma and high-risk adenoma. In the multivariate analysis, osteoporosis was independently associated with risk of colorectal adenoma (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 2.46; p=0.014) and high-risk adenoma (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.14 to 3.29; p=0.014). Conclusions: Osteoporosis is an independent risk factor of colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma.