Collagenase와 esterase가 상아질 접착강도와 nanoleakage에 미치는 영향

정영정,한세현,김종철,이상훈,김정욱,김영재,장기택 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구는 상아질 접착계면에서 collagenase와 esterase가 접착강도와 극미세누출에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 시행하였다. 발치된 치아의 교합면 상아질에 Single Bond 2(SB)와 Clearfil SE bond(SE)를 사용하여 상아질-레진 접착시편을 제작하고,시편을 인산완충용액(PBS)에 24시간(I),또는 PBS(II),collagenase 용액(III),esterase 용액(IV)에 4주간 보관 한 후 질산은 용액으로 염색하였다. 시편의 미세인장접착강도(μTBS)와 질산은 침투 면적을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. SB군의 접착강도가 II∼IV군에서 SE군에 비해 낮은 값을 나타내었다(p<O.05). SB군은 II∼IV군의 접착강도가 I군에 비해 낮은 값을 보였으나(p<O.05),SE군의 접착강도는 I∼IV군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>O.05). 2. SB군의 질산은 침투 면적이 SE군에 비해 높았으며(p<O.05),SB군과 SE군에서 질산은 침투 면적은 I ∼ IV군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>O.05). 3. 접착강도와 질산은 침투 면적은 SE군의 I, II,III군에서 음의 상관관계를 보였다(p<O.05). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of collagenase and esterase on dentin bond strength and nanoleakage. Resin composites were bonded to occlusal dentin of premolars with Single Bond 2(SB) and Clearfil SE Bond(SE). After the microtensile specimens were prepared and stored in PBS for 24 hours(I) or, PBS(II), collagenase(III), esterase(IV) solution for 4 weeks, the specimens were stained with silver nitrate solution. Microtensile bond strength(μTBS) and silver penetration area were measured and, the results were as follows: 1. For group II, III, and IV, the bond strengths of SB were lower than those of SB(p<0.05). The bond strengths of SB II, III, and IV were lower than that of SB I(p<0.05). There was no difference among the bond strengths of SE I ∼ IV groups(p>0.05). 2. Silver penetration areas of SB were higher than those of SE for all storage groups(p<0.05). In SB and SE groups, there was no significant difference of silver penetration area among I ∼ IV groups(p>0.05). 3. SE I, II, and III showed inverse relationship between the bond strengths and the silver penetration areas(p<0.05).

유아 언어영재 판별에서 프로젝트 스펙트럼(Project Spectrum)의 활용에 대한 기초연구

장영숙,황윤세 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.33

The identification of verbally gifted children during early childhood is very important for developing their potential in the society. Nonetheless, most researchers preferred to study the gifted of mathematics and science in the primary and secondary levels where reliable predictions of gifted may be made. Comparatively little work has been done in this area. Verbal Giftedness of young children is still developing and less stable than that of older children, and this prevents us from making firm and accurate identification. Project Spectrum can be used for the alternative assessment for the identification of verbally gifted children. The advantages of the Project Spectrum approach for the identification of verbally gifted children are as follows: First, the Spectrum approach can provide a useful means for assessing young verbally gifted children who have not demonstrated high ability on traditional identification method. Second, the Spectrum approach can blur the line dividing curriculum and assessment and thus can assess the learning process of young children.. Third, the Spectrum approach can embed assessments in meaningful, real-world activities Fourth, the Spectrum approach can be a more accurate predictor of potential by linking diagnosis and instruction. Thus, it can make us provide an educational treatment effectively for young verbally gifted children. Fifth, the Spectrum approach can lead individualized education by the early identification of young verbally gifted children.

상아질 접착에서 collagenase와 esterase가 미세인장결합강도에 미치는 영향

정영정,현홍근,김영재,김정욱,이상훈,김종철,한세현,장기택 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

상아질-레진 접착강도에 대한 collagenase와 esterase의 영향을 살펴보기 위해, 소구치의 교합면 상아질에 Single Bond 2와 Clearfil SE Bond로 접착을 시행하고 미세 시편을 제작하여 PBS, collagenase 용액, esterase 용액에 4주간 보관한 후 미세인장결합강도를 측정, 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 모든 보관 용액에서 Single Bond 2의 미세인장결합강도는 Clearfil SE Bond보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 2. Single Bond 2의 미세인장결합강도는 collagenase군이 PBS군, esterase군보다 낮았다(p>0.05). 3. Clearfil SE Bond의 미세인장결합강도는 esterase군이 PBS군에 비해 낮았으나(p>0.05), collagenase군보다는 높았다(p>0.05). Collagenase군은 PBS군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 미세인장결합강도를 보였다(p<0.05). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagenase and esterase on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) in dentin bonding. After resin composites were bonded to occlusal dentin, μTBS specimens were formed and stored in PBS, collagenase, or esterase solution. After 4-week storage, μTBS was determined and, the results were as follows: 1. μTBS values of Single Bond 2 were lower than those of Clearfil SE Bond for all storage medium (p<0.05). 2. In single Bond 2 group, collagenase solution lowered bond strength more than PBS and esterase solution (p>0.05). 3. In Clearfil SE Bond group, esterase solution lowered bond strength more than PBS(p>0.05). Collagenase solution lowered bond strength more than esterase solution(p>0.05) and PBS(p<0.05).

통합적 유아 교수·학습방법으로서의 명화 감상활동에 관한 연구

장영숙,황윤세 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.35

There has been a trend only to stress the expression activities in an early childhood art education. But, recently, there is an increasing emphasis on the appreciation of famous paintings for the early childhood art education. The appreciation of famous paintings can help increase young children's object awareness, value judgment and expressive ability etc. The theoretical basis for the appreciation activities on famous paintings can be derived from DBAE (Discipline-Based Art Education), Project Spectrum, and Vygotsky's theory. DBAE pursues systematic appreciation education by integrative understanding about an art. Project Spectrum based on Gardner's theory also implies the importance of the appreciation activities through artistic observation for the paintings. In addition, Vygotsky's theory also suggests that the artistic experience which teachers offer is very important for enhancing children's appreciation ability In this study, we attempted an integrated approach by using famous paintings in early childhood curriculum. We presented the teaching method for enhancing the appreciation abilities in early childhood arts education by the integrated curriculum. For this, we suggested the six stages: observation, analysis(or interpretation), integrated activity, expressive activity, and evaluation. For the desirable appreciation education, teachers should respect young children's opinion and interact with young children by asking them many questions.

차분 영상의 4대역 분할에 의한 적응 양자화 압축효과

장세봉,김태효,박영석 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

본 논문에서는 동영상의 차분 프레임을 4개의 부대역으로 분할하고 처리하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 본 알고리즘은 동영상 차분 프레임을 구하고 이를 4개의 부대역으로 분할한 후 DCT 처리하게 되는데, 여기서 차분 프레임 사이에 분산 값으로 임계치를 설정하고 움직임 성분을 검출한다. 압축률을 개선하기 위해 SBDCT 및 Huffman 부호화 한다. 모의실험 결과, 0.04bit/pixel의 압축율을 얻을 수 있었다. This paper proposes a moving image compression algorithm using subband coding which divides and processes the difference frame of each moving image into 4 subband region. This method decomposes the original image with each subband and performs DCT. The moving blocks are detected from each of subband using threshold value which is select from the variance of difference between frames, then the data are performed SBDCT and Huffman coding in order to improve the compression ratio. As the result of simulation, we confirmed that this method improved the bit rate of 0.04bit/pixel from reconstructed image.

保存血의 腐敗産物에 依한 에틸알콜 生成濃度에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

張成吉,金英雲,柳在薰,權五星,朴世延 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-

코일로 치료한 다발성 폐동정맥 기형 1예

김영훈,장재현,권세훈,장재혁,윤성호,이승일 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.3

A 29 year old female patient came with grade NYHA Fc IV dyspnea of 1 month. No abnormality was heard during auscultation. Arterial blood gas analysis done due to shortness of breath showed a decreased PO_(2) of 64.6 mmHg. Computerized tomography(CT) was checked due to multiple nodules seen in both lower lung fields of the chest X-ray. CT revealed multiple pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in both the mid and lower lung fields. Dyspnea was uncorrected by the application of oxygen. Coil embolization showed improvement of PO2 and dyspnea. The CT follow up at 9 months after the procedure showed no progression of the arteriovenous malformation without any additional symptoms nor dyspnea.

도시공학 핵심과목의 심화교육 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구

이완영,백기영,김영환,장세봉 永同工科大學校 1996 硏究論叢 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구는 핵심과목 요목의 작성과 난이도별 문제은행의 지도과정, 핵심과목에 대한 자율학습 문제은행을 데이타베이스화하여 상시 활용화 추구, 교수와 학생의 상호 협동시스템에 의한 학습방법론 도출을 시도하였다. 시론적 성격에 한정되어 있긴 하나 본 연구는 협동시스템을 기반으로한 자율학습모형을 구축함으로써 학습과 교육효과 제고, 협동심과 선의의 경쟁을 매개로 하는 생활구현, 취업대비 등의 목표에 기여하는데 의의가 있다. This paper examines that drawing up a syllabus of core courses and an item pool classified by the degree of difficulty, and that inquiring practical use an databased item pool, and that proposing study method by cooperative system between students and professors. The result of this study is expected to contribute to studying, life, and taking up an occupation by constructing autonomous study model founded the cooperative system.

Crystal Structure of a Methanol Sorption Complex of Dehydrated Partially Cobalt(Ⅱ)-Exchanged Zeoite A

韓榮旭,張世福,金洋 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 1993 科學敎育硏究 Vol.18 No.-

부분적으로 Co^2+ 이온으로 치환한 제올라이트 A를 탈수한 후 메탄올을 흡착한 결정구조(a=12.169(1) A)를 입방공간군 Pm3m를 사용하여 단결정 X-선 회절법으로 해석하고 정립화하였다. 이 결정은 360˚C에서 2±10^+Torr 하에서 2일간 진공 탈수한 후 22(1)˚C에서 약 104Torr의 메탄올 증기로 약 1시간동안 흡착시켰다. Full-matrix 최소자승법 정밀화 계산에서 1>3α(1)인 147개의 독립 반사를 사용하여 최종 오차 인자를 R1=0.061, R2=0.062까지 정밀화시켰다. 단위세포당 4개의 Co^2+ 이온과 1.5개의 Na^+ 이온은 6-링 산소와 결합하고 있었다. 4개의 Co^2+ 이온은 0(3)의 (111) 평면에서 큰 동공 쪽으로 약 0.44 (18)A 들어가 위치하고 1.5개의 Na^+ 이온은 0(3) (111)평면에서 소다라이트 동공 깊숙히 약 0.55A 들어간 자리에 이치하고 있다. 단위세포당 약 6.5개의 메탄올 분자가 흡착되었다. 단위세포당 약 6.5개의 메탄올 분자는 큰 동공 내에 위치하였고 4개의 Co^2+ 이온과 2.5개의 Na^+ 이온과 결합하고 있다.. 4개의 산소는 6-링에 위치한 Co^2+ 이온과 결합하고 나머지 2개의 산소는 6-링에 위치한 Na^+ 이온과 결합하고 있다. The crystal structure of a methanol sorption complex of dehydrated partially Co(Ⅱ)-exchanged zeolite A, Co_4Na_4-A 6.5CH_3OH(a=12.169(1) A˚), has been determined by singlecrustal x-ray diffraction techniques in the cubic space group Pm3m at 21(1)℃. Co_4Na_4-A was dehydrated at 360℃ and 2×10^-6 Torr for 2 days, followed by exposure to about 105 Torr of methanol vapor at 22(1)℃ for 1 hr. The structure was refined to fina error indices, R_1=0.061 and R_3=0.060 with 147 reflections, for which Ⅰ > 3σ(Ⅰ). In this structure, four Co^2+ ions and 1.5 Na^+ ions per unit cell lie at 6-ring positions:the Na^+ ions are recessed 0.444(18)A˚ into the sodalite unit and the Co(Ⅱ) ions extend ca. 0.55A˚ into the large cavity. 2.5 Na^+ ions lie in an 8-oxygen ring plane. The 6.5 methanol molecules are sorbed per unit cell. The 6.5 methanol oxygens, all in the large cavity, associate with the 4 Co^2+ ions and 2.5 Na^+ ions in two ways:four oxygens coodinate to 6-ring Co^2+ ions, and two coordinate to 8-ring.

근관 내 불규칙 확장부에서 sealer 적용방법에 따른 충전 효과 평가

김성용,이미정,문장원,이세준,유미경 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.1

본 실험은 resin 시편을 이용하여 미리 제작한 근관 내 불규칙 확장부에서 근관 충전용 sealer의 적용 방법에 따른 충전 효과를 평가해 보았다. Endo-training Bloc을 절단하여 사십 개의 규격화된 resin 블록 시편을 획득하였다. 각각의 시편에 $, 08taper GT 파일을 사용하여 근관을 형성하였고 근관에 손상이 가지 않도록 시편을 양분한 후 양분된 시편의 한 쪽 근관 벽에 다양한 근관 내 확장부를 표현하는 구를 형성하였다. 양분된 시편을 결찰하고 절단 부위를 밀봉하였으며 AH26 sealer를 사용하여 단일 cone 충전법으로 근관을 충전하였다. 네 가지의 근관 충전용 sealer의 적용방법을 이용하였다: A군,$ K-file : B군, ultrasonic file : C군, lentulo spiral: D군. EZ-Fill bi-directioanl spiral. 모든 시편은 37˚상대습도에서 1주일간 보관한 후 각 시편을 근단에서 3mm, 4mm, 5mm 부위에서 수평으로 절단하고 각각의 절단면을 위상차현미경과 디지털 카메라를 이용하여 30배율로 관찰하고 촬영하였다. 관찰된 절단면은 scoring system을 이용하여 점수를 산정하였고 각 군 간의 통계적인 유의성 유무는 Fisher's Exact Test를 이용하여 시행하였다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sealer placement in simulated root canal extensions. Forty resin blocks were attained from the Endo-training Bloc. In each block. The simulated root canal was made with $, 80taper GT file. After each block was longitudinally split into two halves, a standardized groove was prepared on one canal wall of two halves to simulate the canal extensions with various irregularities. The two halves of each block were assembled and all simulated root canals were obturated by single cone method with AH26 sealer. Four different methods of sealer placement were used: group A, $ K-file; group B, ultrasonic file; group C, lentulo spiral; group D, EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral. All obturated blocks were stored in 100% humidity at 37℃ for 1 week, Using a low speed saw, each block was sectioned horizontally. Images of the sections were taken using a stereomicroscope at 30 magnification and a digital camera. The amount of the sealer in the groove was evaluated using a scoring system, a higher score indicated better sealing effectiveness. The data was statistically analysed by Fisher's Exact Test. The sealing score was the lowest, specially at the middle area of canal extensions in group A, and that was statistically significant difference from other groups. In conclusion, the ultrasonic file, lentulo spiral and EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral were effective methods of sealer placement in simulated canal extensions. The K file was the least effective method, specially at the middle area of canal extensions.