Effects of Hardener Type on Cure Behavior and Physical Properties of TMP Modified UF Resin and Its Composites with Bamboo Powder

Yun-fei Zhang,Man-geng Lu,Hui Liu,Yanguang Wu 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.2

In this study, effects of mixed hardeners (ammonium chloride mixed with ammonium persulfate, oxalate and phosphoric acid) on the properties of 2,4,6-trimethylolphenate modified UF resin (TMPUF) were studied, and the potlife, gel time and curing temperature of TMPUF/hardeners were characterized. The results indicated that the hardeners used have critical influence on the pH value of TMPUF and some proton donor can be used to lower the pH value of TMPUF with low formaldehyde content. Besides, bamboo particleboards were made with TMPUF/hardeners, and tensile properties, water absorption ratio and the swelling ratio of bamboo particleboards were characterized. The study demonstrated that the tensile strength of bamboo particleboards increased when partial ammonium chloride was replaced by ammonium persulfate to cure the TMPUF adhesives in our experiment.

Technical Report: A Cost-Effective, Easily Available Tofu Model for Training Residents in Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Thyroid Nodule Targeting Punctures

Yun-Fei Zhang,Hong Li,Xue-Mei Wang 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.1

Objective: To establish a cost-effective and easily available phantom for training residents in ultrasound-guided fine needle thyroid nodule targeting punctures. Materials and Methods: Tofu, drinking straws filled with coupling gel, a urine tube, and 21-gauge needles were used to generate a phantom thyroid with nodules for training. Twelve radiology residents were involved in the study. The puncture success rates were recorded and compared before and after phantom training using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: On ultrasonography, tofu mimicked the texture of the thyroid. Drinking straws filled with coupling gel mimicked vessels. The urine tube filled with air mimicked the trachea, and 21-gauge needles mimicked small nodules in the transverse section. The entire phantom was similar to the structure of the thyroid and surrounding tissues. The puncture success rates of radiology residents were significantly increased from 34.4 ± 14.2% to 66.7 ± 19.5% after training (p = 0.003). The phantom was constructed in approximately 10 minutes and materials cost less than CNY 10 (approximately $ 1.5) at a local store. Conclusion: The tofu model was cost-effective, easily attainable, and effective for training residents in ultrasound-guided fine needle thyroid nodule targeting punctures in vitro.

中國生態文明的過去、現在和未來

張云飛(Zhang Yun-Fei) 효원사학회 2011 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.39

생태문명은 인간과 자연의 조화로운 발전의 산물이다. 중화문명은 역사적으로 인간과 자연의 조화로운 발전을 중시했고, 지금도 여전히 그렇게 하고 있다. 전형적인 농업문명사회로서, 중국은 고대시대에 생태문명의 첫번째 형태를 만들어 냈는데, 그것은 생태의 흐름에 대한 인식을 “시간”을 써서 나타낸 것, 도강언(都江堰)과 상기위당(桑基魚塘)이 대표하고 있는 생태적 농업방식, 자연과 환경을 관리하기 위한 “우형(虞衡)” 등의 기구설치, “천인합일(天人合一)”과 “중용물아(中庸勿我)” 그리고 “민포물여(民胞物?)” 등이 대표하는 생태철학사상과 같은 이상의 것들을 통해서 알 수 있다. 이러한 성과는 현대중국의 생태문명에만 영향을 주고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 국제사회의 생태문명에도 영향을 주었다. 1949년부터 공업문명사회에 진입하기 시작한 중국은 경제와 인구가 서로 조화롭게 발전할 수 있는 길을 모색하기 위해서 노력했고, 지속적으로 발전할 수 있고, 순환경제를 발전시킬 수 있고, 자원절약 형사회와 환경친화적인 사회 등을 건설할 수 있는 전략을 잇달아 내놓았다. 그리고 이러한 전략에 근거하여 중국은 생태문명을 건설하는 것을 현대화의 주된 목표로 확립했다. 이뿐만 아니다. 중국은 국내에 생태건설을 추진함과 동시에 환경외교를 펼쳤고, 환경문제를 해결하는 데 필요한 국제적 협조요청에 적극적으로 호응했다. 정보화 시대의 도전에 직면하여 중국은 미래생태를 건설한다는 목표와 그에 따른 임무를 분명히 했다. 공업화, 정보화, 도시화, 시장화, 세계화가 심화되어 가는 새로운 환경에서 현대화는 실현되고 있음으로 말미암아, 중국현대화는 반드시 생태화의 원칙을 위에서 말한 새로운 환경에 실현시켜야 하고, 새로운 생태의 길을 가야만 한다. 이를 위해 중국이 해야만 하는 일은 환경산업을 크게 발전시키는 것, 새로운 형태의 공업화의 길을 지속적으로 가는 것, 생태도시건설을 추진하는 것, 경제수단을 활용하여 환경을 관리하는 것, 환경외교를 적극적으로 전개하는 것, 국제사회의 협조요청에 적극적으로 동참하는 것, 국민들이 생태건설을 하는 데 자신들의 역량을 스스로 충분히 발휘하게 하는 것, 민간환경단체가 건강하고 지속적으로 발전하게 하는 것이다. 생태문명은 중국이 옛날에도 추구했고, 지금도 추구하고 있으며, 앞으로도 추구할 것이고, 그리고 생태문명은 중국문명을 지속적으로 발전하게 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 인류문명의 발전을 위해서도 공헌을 할 수 있다. Ecological civilization is the active and progressive results of harmonious development between man and nature. Chinese civilization always attaches great importance to the harmonious development between man and nature. As a kind of typical agricultural civilization society, Ancient China has constructed the first form of ecological civilization: it used “Shi”(時,season) to express the ecological seasonal rhythms, formed ecological agriculture pattern such as Dujiangyan Irrigation System(都江堰) and Mulberry Fish Ponds(桑基魚塘), build a set of institutions which be named “YuHeng”(虞衡) to manager resources and environment, put forward some ecological philosophical thought such as “Oneness between Heaven and Human”(天人合一), “Golden Mean and Refused Ego-centrism”(中庸勿我) and “People are My Brothers and Ten Thousand Things are My Friends”(民胞物?), and so on. These results are not only the historical resources of ecological civilization for present China and also produced a major international influence. Since 1949, with step of entering industrial civilization society, China made effort to explore the harmonious development rule among economic social development and population, resources and environment, propose and implement a set of important strategies such as sustainable development, recycling economy, resource conservation-oriented society and environment friendly society; on the basis, ecological civilization is established as the important goal for China’s modernization. In promoting the domestic ecological construction, China also actively engages in environmental diplomacy and international cooperation; final lyobtained good effect in above fields. In the journey toward intelligent(information) civilization society, China put forward the new objects of ecological construction in the future. To meet the challenges of the industrialization, informationization, urbanization, marketization, globalization, China must be realize above processes conducted by the ecological principle in the future, and must promotes ecological innovation. Therefore, China must vigorously develop environmental industry, a newly industrialization road, ecological city, environmental management with economic methods, environmental diplomacy and international cooperation, and so on. And more, the masses must promote play the main role in ecological construction, therefore, must promote the healthy and sustainable development of Environmental NGOs which is an important form for the masses participating in ecological construction. Ecological civilization is a basic line throughout China’s past, present and future. Chinese ecological civilization will promote China’s sustainable development, but also make more contribution for human civilization.

Studies of the microbial metabolism of flavonoids extracted from the leaves of Diospyros kaki by intestinal bacteria

Sheng-hai Zhang,Ying-zi Wang,Fan-yun Meng,You-lin Li,Cai-xia Li,Fei-peng Duan,Qing Wang,Xiu-ting Zhang,Chun-ni Zhang 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.5

Flavonoid glycosides are metabolized byintestinal bacteria, giving rise to a wide range of phenolicacids that may exert systemic effects in the body. Themicrobial metabolism of flavonoids extracted from theleaves of Diospyros kaki (FLDK) by intestinal bacteria wasinvestigated in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography/linear trap quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometrywas performed to analyze the metabolites of flavonoidsin vivo using Xcalibur2.1 software. The results showed thatthe levels of flavonoid glycosides and flavonoid aglyconesdecreased rapidly in the process of microbial metabolismby intestinal bacteria in vitro, and the metabolic rate maybe related to the concentration of intestinal bacteria in theculture solution. In vivo metabolites of FLDK weredetected in rat plasma and urine after oral administration ofFLDK. Eight flavonoids were identified in the urine, andthree were identified in the plasma; however, flavonoidaglycones were not found in the plasma.

Genetic Analysis of the Liver Putative Tumor Suppressor (LPTS) Gene in Gastric Cancer

Hai Bing Zhang,Qu Zhang,Li Sa Wang,Fei Yan,Yun Lu,Zhi Qiang Wang,Jing Li,Liang Liang Zhang,Ying Yan Yu,Zheng Gang Zhu,Xiang Yin Kong,Lan Dian Hu 한국유전학회 2005 Genes & Genomics Vol.27 No.4

Effects of Fetal Fibroblasts Treated with 5-aza-2’-deoxyctidine or Trichostatin A on Development of Porcine Nuclear Transfer Embryos

Yun-Fei Diao,Rong-Xun Han,Hong-Rye Kim,Jin-Yu Zhang,Chang-Sik Park,Dong-II Jin 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2010 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

The Development of Porcine Cloned Embryo Derived from Donor Cell Treated with DNA Methylation Inhibitor and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor

Yun-Fei Diao,Rong-Xun Han,Jin-Yu Zhang,Min-Gu Li,Reza,Chang-Sik Park,Dong-II Jin 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2011 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.35 No.2

Effects of Combining Treatment of 5‐aza‐2’‐deoxyctidine and Trichostatin A into Fetal Fibroblasts on the Development of Porcine Cloned Embryos

Yun Fei Diao,Rong Xun Han,Jin Yu Zhang,Min Gu Lee,Tao Lin,Reza K. Oqani,Chang Sik Park,Dong Il Jin 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2011 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

5‐aza‐2’‐deoxyctidine (5‐aza‐dC) is DNA methylation inhibitor and Trichostatin A (TSA) is histone deacytlase inhibitor, both of them can alter the level of the epigenetic modification of cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of treatment with 5‐aza‐dC and TSA into fetal fibroblasts on the development of porcine nuclear transfer (NT) embryos. In this study, experiments were performed in order to modify epigenetic status in donor cells and evaluate developmental potential of NT embryos. 5‐ aza‐dC or TSA or combining treatment of TSA and 5‐aza‐dC was treated into growing donor cells for 1 h exposure and development of NT embryos was evaluated. Experiment was performed with 3 groups: control group (donor cells without treatment); TSA group (donor cell treated with 50 nM TSA for 1 h); TSA + 5‐aza‐dC group (donor cells were treated with 50 nM TSA and 5 nM 5‐aza‐dC for 1 h); TSA+1/2(5‐aza‐dC) group (donor cells were treated with 50 nM TSA for 1h and subsequently treated with 2.5 nM 5‐aza‐dC for another 1h). When donor cells were individually treated with 5 nM 5‐aza‐dC or 50 nM TSA for 1h, the blastocyst rate of NT embryos increased significantly compared with control group [18.8% vs 13.4% (5 nM 5‐aza‐dC group vs control group), and 26.2% vs 11.8% (50 nM TSA group vs control group), p<0.05]. However, the blastocyst rate in combining treatment group (50 nM TSA + 5 nM 5‐aza‐dC) did not increase compare with control group (12.3% vs 11.8%, p>0.05). When the donor cell were individually treated with 50nM TSA for 1 h firstly and then treated with 2.5 nM 5‐aza‐dC for another 1h, the blastocyst rate was significantly improved compared with control and TSA group (28% vs 10.2% and 23.7%, p<0.05). The present study suggested that donor cells treated with TSA or low concentration of TSA+5‐azadC in short time exposure may enhance the development of porcine NT embryo.

Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress on porcine oocyte maturation and parthenogenetic embryonic development in vitro.

Zhang, Jin Yu,Diao, Yun Fei,Oqani, Reza K,Han, Rong Xun,Jin, Dong Il Society for the Study of Reproduction [etc.] 2012 BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION Vol.86 No.4

<P>X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) is an important regulator of a subset of genes active during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In the present study, we analyzed XBP1 level and location to explore the effect of ER stress on oocyte maturation and developmental competency of porcine embryos in an in vitro culture system. First, we examined the localization of XBP1 at different meiotic stages of porcine oocytes and at early stages of parthenogenetic embryo development. Fluorescence staining showed that expression of functional XBP1 was weak in mature oocytes and at the 1-, 2-, and 8-cell stages of embryos but abundant at the germinal vesicle (GV), 4-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages. In addition, RT-PCR revealed that both spliced XBP1 (XBP1-s) and unspliced XBP1 (XBP1-u) were expressed at the GV, 4-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages. Tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer, induced active XBP1 protein in nuclei of 4-cell embryos. Next, porcine embryos cultured in the presence of tauroursodeoxycholate, an ER stress inhibitor, were studied. Total cell numbers and the extent of the inner cell mass increased (P < 0.05), whereas the rate of nuclear apoptosis decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, expression of the antiapoptotic gene BCL2 increased, whereas expression of the proapoptotic genes BCL2L1 (Bcl-xl) and TP53 decreased. The results indicated that inhibition of ER stress enhanced porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development by preventing ER stress-mediated apoptosis in vitro.</P>

Establishment of Porcine Embryonic Stem Cells by Aggregation of Parthenogenetic Embryos

Zhang, Jin-Yu,Diao, Yun Fei,Oqani, Reza K.,Wo, Je-Sok,Jin, Dong-Il The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2011 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.35 No.1

The pig has been considered to serve as an appropriate model of human disease. Therefore, establishment of porcine embryonic stem cell lines is important. The purpose of the present study was to further work in this direction. We produced porcine parthenogenetic embryos, and separately aggregated two of each of two-cell ($2{\times}2$), four-cell ($2{\times}4$), and eight-cell ($2{\times}8$) embryos derived by parthenogenesis. After culture for 4 days, the developmental ability of the aggregates and total blastocyst cell numbers were evaluated. The percentage of blastocysts was significantly higher in both $2{\times}4$- and $2{\times}8$-aggregated embryos ($58.3{\pm}1.9%$ and $37.2{\pm}2.8%$, respectively) than in the control or $2{\times}2$-aggregated embryos ($23.6{\pm}1.1%$ and $12.5{\pm}2.4%$, respectively). Total blastocyst cell numbers were increased in the $2{\times}4$- and $2{\times}8$-aggregated embryos (by $44{\pm}3.0%$ and $45{\pm}3.3%$, respectively) compared with those of control or $2{\times}2$-aggregated embryos ($30.5{\pm}2.1%$ and $30.7{\pm}2.6%$, respectively; p<0.05). The levels of mRNA encoding Oct-4 were higher in both the $2{\times}4$- and $2{\times}8$-aggregated embryos than in the control. When blastocysts derived from $2{\times}4$- aggregated embryos or intact normal embryos were cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder cells to obtain porcine stem cells, blastocysts from aggregated embryos formed colonies that were better in shape compared with those derived from intact blastocysts. Together, the data show that aggregation of porcine embryos not only improves blastocyst quality but also serves as an efficient procedure by which porcine embryonic stem cells can become established.