A Pan-Cancer Analysis of Enhancer Expression in Nearly 9000 Patient Samples

Chen, Han,Li, Chunyan,Peng, Xinxin,Zhou, Zhicheng,Weinstein, John N.,Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J.,Demchok, John A.,Felau, Ina,Kasapi, Melpomeni,Ferguson, Martin L.,Hutter, Carolyn M.,Sofia, Heidi J.,Ta Elsevier 2018 Cell Vol.173 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The role of enhancers, a key class of non-coding regulatory DNA elements, in cancer development has increasingly been appreciated. Here, we present the detection and characterization of a large number of expressed enhancers in a genome-wide analysis of 8928 tumor samples across 33 cancer types using TCGA RNA-seq data. Compared with matched normal tissues, global enhancer activation was observed in most cancers. Across cancer types, global enhancer activity was positively associated with aneuploidy, but not mutation load, suggesting a hypothesis centered on “chromatin-state” to explain their interplay. Integrating eQTL, mRNA co-expression, and Hi-C data analysis, we developed a computational method to infer causal enhancer-gene interactions, revealing enhancers of clinically actionable genes. Having identified an enhancer ∼140 kb downstream of PD-L1, a major immunotherapy target, we validated it experimentally. This study provides a systematic view of enhancer activity in diverse tumor contexts and suggests the clinical implications of enhancers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Systematic analysis of enhancer expression across ∼9,000 samples of 33 cancer types </LI> <LI> Global enhancer activation positively correlates with aneuploidy but not mutations </LI> <LI> A computational method that infers causal enhancer-target-gene relationships </LI> <LI> Enhancers as key regulators of therapeutic targets, including PD-L1 </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

C-Reactive Protein Gene Variants in Depressive Symptoms & Antidepressants Efficacy

Xinxin Li,Ning Sun,Chunxia Yang,Zhifen Liu,Xinrong Li,Kerang Zhang 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.12

Objective Although the pathogenesis of depression remains unclear, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are commonly elevated in depressed patients. Thus, CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that influence CRP levels may be associated with depression. In the present study, we explored whether CRP SNPs are related to depressive symptoms and antidepressants efficacy in Han Chinese patients. Methods We analyzed data from 440 patients with first-episode depression. We obtained genome CRP SNPs, scores of the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression 17 (HAMD17) and its four-factor at baseline and after 6 weeks. Quantitative trait analysis was performed using UNPHASED software and curative effects were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Male patients with SNP rs1800947G exhibited lower insomnia scores and rs2794521CC exhibited lower scores of anxiety/ physical symptoms, total HAMD17 score. Female patients with rs2794521TT exhibited higher scores of insomnia and lower antidepressants efficacy. Conclusion CRP SNPs rs1800947 and rs2794521 may be associated with depressive symptoms in patients with depression in a sex-specific fashion. Furthermore, rs2794521 may be a predictor of the efficacy of antidepressants in female patients.

N-Best Re-scoring Approaches for Mandarin Speech Recognition

Xinxin Li,Xuan Wang,Jian Guan 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.7 No.2

Integrated microcantilevers for high-resolution sensing and probing

Li, Xinxin,Lee, Dong-Weon IOP Pub 2012 Measurement Science and Technology Vol.23 No.2

<P>This topical review is focused on microcantilever-based sensing and probing functions that are realized by integrating a mechanically compliant cantilever with self-sensing and self-actuating elements, specific sensing materials as well as functionalized nano-tips. Such integrated cantilever devices have shown great promise in ultra-sensitive applications such as on-the-spot portable bio/chemical detection and in situ micro/nanoscale surface analysis and manipulation. The technical details of this review will be given in a sequence of cantilever sensors and, then, cantilever-tip probes. For the integrated cantilever sensors, the frequency-output style dynamic cantilevers are described first, with the contents including optimized resonance modes, sensing-group-modified nanostructures for specific bio/chemical mass adsorption and nanoscale sensing effects, etc. Thereafter, the static cantilever sensors for surface-stress detection are described in the sequence of the sensing mechanism, surface modification of the sensitive molecule layer and the model of specific reaction-induced surface-energy variation. After technical description of the cantilever sensors, the emphasis of the review moves to functionalized nano-tip equipped cantilever-tip probing devices. The probing functions are not only integrated on the cantilever but also integrated at the sharp apex of the tip. After description of single integrated cantilever probes and their applications in surface scanning and imaging, arrayed cantilever-tip devices and their simultaneous parallel operation for high throughput imaging and nanomechanical data storage are also addressed. With cantilever-tip probes as key elements, micro-analysis instruments are introduced that can be widely used for macro/nanoscale characterizations.</P>

Synthesis, characterization and tribological performances of nano-CeO2/biodiesel carbon soot composites as a novel lubricant additive in polyalphaolefin

Chuan Li,Xinxin Wang,Qiangqiang Zhang,Xu Tan,Yefeng Liu,Honglin Li,Hao Liu,Enzhu Hu,Xianguo Hu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

This study fabricated nano-CeO2/biodiesel carbon soot (BCS) composites using the raw material BCS,which is the byproduct of biodiesel combustion and cerium salt and used as a novel lubricant additiveto PAO6 for steel/steel contact. Oleylamine modified nano-CeO2/BCS composites comprise abundant lipophilicgroups, and thus nano-CeO2/BCS composites exhibit good dispersion in PAO6. The tribologicalresults showed that nano-CeO2/BCS composites significantly improved the lubricating performances ofPAO6. In case of 0.1 wt% nano-CeO2/BCS composites dispersed in PAO6, the friction coefficient and wearvolume were reduced by 17.3 and 35.2%, respectively. The improved tribological properties were attributedto the composites rolling and forming of a lubricating film on the friction surface and the presence ofBCS and CeO2 in composites exerting a synergistic lubricating effect, which simultaneously improved thetribological properties of PAO6. This discovery contributes to the conversion of BCS into valuables andpromotes the high value utilization of BCS as a lubricating additive.

Ellagic acid exerts anti‑fibrotic effects on hypertrophic scar fibroblasts via inhibition of TGF‑β1/Smad2/3 pathway

Liu Xianjun,Gao Xinxin,Li Hao,Li Zhandong,Wang Xiaoe,Zhang Li,Wang Bo,Chen Xinxin,Meng Xianglong,Yu Jiaao 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.5

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a kind of serious pathological scar with no currently effective treatment. HS fibroblasts (HSFs) are the main effector cells for HS formation. Ellagic acid (EA) exerts regulatory effects in some diseases, but its role in HS remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EA on the fibrotic phenotypes of HSFs and to further investigate the downstream signaling mechanism. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to perform cytotoxicity and proliferation assays. HSFs migration was assessed using wound healing and transwell assays. HSFs contraction was measured by a collagen lattice contraction assay and detection of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. The levels of mRNA and protein were determined by qPCR and western blotting, respectively. The results showed that EA inhibited the proliferation, migration, and contraction of HSFs and collagen expression in HSFs in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, EA not only suppressed the Smad2/3 pathway but also reversed TGF-β1- induced activation of the Smad2/3 pathway and up-regulation of the fibrotic cellular phenotypes in HSFs. These findings demonstrate that EA exerts anti-fibrotic effects on HSFs by blocking the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway, which indicates that EA is a potential therapeutic candidate for treatment of HS.

A Practical Scheme for Induction Motor Modelling and Speed Control

Xinxin Shi,Hongsheng Li,Jiacai Huang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.7 No.4

Global Synchronization in Finite-time of Fractional-order Complex-valued Delayed Hopfield Neural Networks

Xinxin Zhang,Peifeng Niu,Nan Liu,Guoqiang Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.2

This paper deals with the synchronization issue of fractional-order complex-valued Hopfield neural networkswith time delay. In this paper, by means of properties of the fractional-order inequality, such as H¨ olderinequality and Gronwall inequality, sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the finite-time synchronizationof the fractional-order complex-valued delayed neural networks when 1=2 g < 1 and 0 <g < 1=2. Finally, twonumerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.

Clinical application of sartorius tendon transposition during radical vulvectomy: a case control study of 58 cases at a single institution

Lei Li,Xinxin Kou,Xiaojie Feng,Fenghua Liu,Hongtu Chao,Liying Wang 대한부인종양학회 2015 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.26 No.4

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of sartorius tendon transposition versus sartorius transposition during bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy of radical vulvectomy. Methods: A total of 58 vulvar cancer patients who had surgery from May 2007 to October 2013, in which 30 patients received sartorius transposition and 28 patients received sartorius tendon transposition. All patients were matched by age, body mass index, stage, histology, and grade. Intraoperative variables and postoperative complications, recurrence, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) and postoperative life quality were compared and analyzed. Results: No significant differences were found at median surgical times and amounts of bleeding (p=0.316 and p=0.249, respectively), neither at the incidences of groin cellulitis and lymphocele (p=0.673 and p=0.473, respectively), but the recovery times of the inguinal wounds were shorter (p=0.026) and the incidences of wound break and chronic lymphedema were significantly decreased in the tendon transposition group (p=0.012 and p=0.022, respectively). Postoperative quality of life in tendon transposition group was significantly improved as indicated by the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Recurrences were similar (p=0.346) and no significant differences were found at PFS and OS (p=0.990 and p=0.683, respectively). Conclusion: Compared to sartorius transposition, sartorius tendon transposition during inguinal lymphadenectomy led to improved patient recovery, reduced postoperative complications, and improved life quality without compromising the outcomes.

Perturbation Observation Method Based on Fractional Order PID and Extended State Observer

Shi Xinxin,Li Guanfei 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.4

In order to improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells and reduce the energy loss, the maximum power point tracking method needs to be studied. Aiming at the problem that the tracking accuracy and steady-state accuracy of the traditional perturbation observation (P&O) method cannot be balanced, and misjudgment occurs when the environment changes greatly, a variable-step P&O control strategy that can adapt to the environmental changes is proposed. Firstly, the short-circuit current under current illumination was obtained by using the characteristics of the photovoltaic cell similar to the constant current source when it was just started, and the reference voltage of the maximum power point was derived by the fixed current method. Secondly, when the illuminance changes abruptly, the power correction method is proposed, and the variable step size adjustment strategy is given. Finally, a fractional PID controller based on linear extended state observer is designed, which can further track and compensate the reference voltage output by the algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can improve the steady-state accuracy and tracking speed, and effectively improve the output power of photovoltaic cells.