Genetic diversity analysis in Chinese miniature pigs using swine leukocyte antigen complex microsatellites

Wu, Jinhua,Liu, Ronghui,Li, Hua,Yu, Hui,Yang, Yalan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.11

Objective: The swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) gene group, which is closely linked and highly polymorphic, has important biomedical significance in the protection and utilization of germplasm resources. However, genetic polymorphism analyses of SLA microsatellite markers in Chinese miniature pigs are limited. Methods: Eighteen pairs of microsatellite primers were used to amplify the SLA regions of seven miniature pig breeds and three wild boar breeds (n = 346) from different regions of China. The indexes of genetic polymorphism, including expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphic information content (PIC), and haplotype, were analyzed. The genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) and neighbor-joining methods were used for cluster analysis of the breeds. Results: In miniature pigs, the SLA I region had the highest numbers of polymorphisms, followed by the SLA II and SLA III regions; the region near the centromere had the lowest number of polymorphisms. Among the seven miniature pig breeds, Diannan small-ear pigs had the highest genetic diversity (PIC value = 0.6396), whereas the genetic diversity of the Hebao pig was the lowest (PIC value = 0.4330). The Fst values in the Mingguang small-ear, Diannan small-ear, and Yunnan wild boars were less than 0.05. According to phylogenetic cluster analysis, the South-China-type miniature pigs clustered into one group, among which Mingguang small-ear pigs clustered with Diannan small-ear pigs. Haplotype analysis revealed that the SLA I, II, and III regions could be constructed into 13, 7, and 11 common haplotypes, respectively. Conclusion: This study validates the high genetic diversity of the Chinese miniature pig. Mingguang small-ear pigs have close kinship with Diannan small-ear pigs, implying that they may have similar genetic backgrounds and originate from the same population. This study also provides a foundation for genetic breeding, genetic resource protection, and classification of Chinese miniature pigs.

Tuning the Surface Properties of Graphene Oxide by Surface-Initiated Polymerization of Epoxides: An Efficient Method for Enhancing Gas Separation

Wu, Yu,Jia, Pan,Xu, Linli,Chen, Zhangyan,Xiao, Linhong,Sun, Jinhua,Zhang, Jun,Huang, Yong,Bielawski, Christopher W.,Geng, Jianxin American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.5

<P>Here, we describe an in situ approach for growing polyepoxides from the surfaces of graphene oxide (GO) using a surface-initiated polymerization reaction. The polymerization methodology is facile and general as a broad range of epoxides carrying various functional groups have been successfully polymerized by simply adding GO powders in the epoxide monomers. The resultant polyepoxide grafted GO are found to show enhanced dispersibility in various common solvents and to exhibit increased d-spacing between the basal planes. In particular, grafting poly(2,3-epoxy-1-propanol) (PEP) to GO results in a composite (i.e., GO-g-PEP) that is dispersible in water and miscible with polyether block amide, i.e., Pebax MH 1657. Preliminary studies have indicated the membranes prepared using Pebax/GO-g-PEP composites exhibit enhanced CO2 permeabilities and selectivities in comparison to H-2, O-2, or N-2. The excellent performance in gas separation is attributed to the layered structure of the GO-g-PEP sheets with enlarged d-spacing and the functional groups present on the PEP chains grafted to the surfaces of GO sheets.</P>

Identification of Moment of Inertia for PMSM Using Improved Model-reference Adaptive System

Jinhua She,Lulu Wu,Chuan-Ke Zhang,Zhen-Tao Liu,Yonghua Xiong 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.1

The moment of inertia (MOI) is one of the most important parameters of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. High-precision identification of the MOI is essential to ensure system performance. This paper explains an MOI identification method based on the frame of an improved model-reference adaptive system (IMRAS). It improved a model-reference adaptive system by incorporating a curvature model and a dynamic gain in the system. First, a curvature model is used to estimate a load torque to construct an accurate reference model. This strategy reduces the identification error caused by ignoring the load torque. Note that identification accuracy and convergence speed are closely related to a gain factor in the system. Then, the relationship between the gain factor and the convergence time of the identification error is modeled as a power function. Finally, the IMRAS uses the absolute value of the relative MOI error and the convergence time for a given gain factor as switching conditions to balance the convergence speed and identification accuracy. A comparison with a conventional fixed-gain MRAS shows the effectiveness and superiority of the developed method.

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Hydroquinone, Catechol and Resorcinol at Nitrogen Doped Porous Carbon Nanopolyhedrons-multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Materials Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Liu, Wei,Wu, Liang,Zhang, Xiaohua,Chen, Jinhua Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1

The nitrogen doped porous carbon nanopolyhedrons (N-PCNPs)-multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hybrid materials were prepared for the first time. Combining the excellent catalytic activities, good electrical conductivities and high surface areas of N-PCNPs and MWCNTs, the simultaneous determination of hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC) and resorcinol (RE) with good analytical performance was achieved at the N-PCNPs-MWCNTs modified electrode. The linear response ranges for HQ, CC and RE are 0.2-455 ${\mu}M$, 0.7-440 ${\mu}M$ and 3.0-365 ${\mu}M$, respectively, and the detection limits (S/N = 3) are $0.03{\mu}M$, $0.11{\mu}M$ and $0.38{\mu}M$, respectively. These results are much better than that obtained on some graphene or CNTs-based materials modified electrodes. Furthermore, the developed sensor was successfully applied to simultaneously detect HQ, CC and RE in the local river water samples.

Application of Next Generation Sequencing in Laboratory Medicine

Zhong Yiming,Xu Feng,Wu Jinhua,Schubert Jeffrey,Li Marilyn M. 대한진단검사의학회 2021 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.41 No.1

The rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, including advances in sequencing chemistry, sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, and data interpretation, has facilitated its wide clinical application in precision medicine. This review describes current sequencing technologies, including short- and long-read sequencing technologies, and highlights the clinical application of NGS in inherited diseases, oncology, and infectious diseases. We review NGS approaches and clinical diagnosis for constitutional disorders; summarize the application of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved NGS panels, cancer biomarkers, minimal residual disease, and liquid biopsy in clinical oncology; and consider epidemiological surveillance, identification of pathogens, and the importance of host microbiome in infectious diseases. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of clinical NGS tests.

Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora

Wei-Wei Dong,Jinhua Zhao,Fei-Liang Zhong,Wen-Jing Zhu,Jun Jiang,Songquan Wu,Deok-Chun Yang,Donghao Li,Lin-Hu Quan 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: In general, after Panax ginseng is administered orally, intestinal microbes play a crucial role in its degradation and metabolization process. Studies on the metabolism of P. ginseng by microflora are important for obtaining a better understanding of their biological effects. Methods: In vitro biotransformation of P. ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora was investigated at 37C for 24 h, and the simultaneous determination of the metabolites and metabolic profile of P. ginseng saponins by rat intestinal microflora was achieved using LCeMS/MS. Results: A total of seven ginsenosides were detected in the P. ginseng extract, including ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd. In the transformed P. ginseng samples, considerable amounts of deglycosylated metabolite compound K and Rh1 were detected. In addition, minimal amounts of deglycosylated metabolites (ginsenosides Rg2, F1, F2, Rg3, and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides) and untransformed ginsenosides Re, Rg1, and Rd were detected at 24 h. The results indicated that the primary metabolites are compound K and Rh1, and the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides were more easily metabolized than protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides. Conclusion: This is the first report of the identification and quantification of the metabolism and metabolic profile of P. ginseng extract in rat intestinal microflora using LCeMS/MS. The current study provided new insights for studying the metabolism and active metabolites of P. ginseng.

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Hydroquinone, Catechol and Resorcinol at Nitrogen Doped Porous Carbon Nanopolyhedrons-multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Materials Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Wei Liu,Liang Wu,Xiaohua Zhang,Jinhua Chen 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1

The nitrogen doped porous carbon nanopolyhedrons (N-PCNPs)-multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hybrid materials were prepared for the first time. Combining the excellent catalytic activities, good electrical conductivities and high surface areas of N-PCNPs and MWCNTs, the simultaneous determination of hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC) and resorcinol (RE) with good analytical performance was achieved at the NPCNPs- MWCNTs modified electrode. The linear response ranges for HQ, CC and RE are 0.2-455 μM, 0.7- 440 μM and 3.0-365 μM, respectively, and the detection limits (S/N = 3) are 0.03 μM, 0.11 μM and 0.38 μM, respectively. These results are much better than that obtained on some graphene or CNTs-based materials modified electrodes. Furthermore, the developed sensor was successfully applied to simultaneously detect HQ, CC and RE in the local river water samples.

Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Dong, Wei-Wei,Zhao, Jinhua,Zhong, Fei-Liang,Zhu, Wen-Jing,Jiang, Jun,Wu, Songquan,Yang, Deok-Chun,Li, Donghao,Quan, Lin-Hu The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: In general, after Panax ginseng is administered orally, intestinal microbes play a crucial role in its degradation and metabolization process. Studies on the metabolism of P. ginseng by microflora are important for obtaining a better understanding of their biological effects. Methods: In vitro biotransformation of P. ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora was investigated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 h, and the simultaneous determination of the metabolites and metabolic profile of P. ginseng saponins by rat intestinal microflora was achieved using LC-MS/MS. Results: A total of seven ginsenosides were detected in the P. ginseng extract, including ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd. In the transformed P. ginseng samples, considerable amounts of deglycosylated metabolite compound K and Rh1 were detected. In addition, minimal amounts of deglycosylated metabolites (ginsenosides Rg2, F1, F2, Rg3, and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides) and untransformed ginsenosides Re, Rg1, and Rd were detected at 24 h. The results indicated that the primary metabolites are compound K and Rh1, and the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides were more easily metabolized than protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides. Conclusion: This is the first report of the identification and quantification of the metabolism and metabolic profile of P. ginseng extract in rat intestinal microflora using LC-MS/MS. The current study provided new insights for studying the metabolism and active metabolites of P. ginseng.

Risk factors for anticoagulant-associated gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fuxin Ma,Shuyi Wu,Shiqi Li,Zhiwei Zeng,Jinhua Zhang 대한내과학회 2024 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.39 No.1

Background/Aims: There may be many predictors of anticoagulation-related gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), but until now, systematic reviews and assessments of the certainty of the evidence have not been published. We conducted a systematic review to identify all risk factors for anticoagulant-associated GIB to inform risk prediction in the management of anticoagulation- related GIB. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to search PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases (from inception through January 21, 2022) using the following search terms: anticoagulants, heparin, warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, DOACs, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, risk factors. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies of risk factors for anticoagulation-related GIB were identified. Risk factors for anticoagulant-associated GIB were used as the outcome index of this review. Results: We included 34 studies in our analysis. For anticoagulant-associated GIB, moderate-certainty evidence showed a probable association with older age, kidney disease, concomitant use of aspirin, concomitant use of the antiplatelet agent, heart failure, myocardial infarction, hematochezia, renal failure, coronary artery disease, helicobacter pylori infection, social risk factors, alcohol use, smoking, anemia, history of sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, international normalized ratio (INR), obesity et al. Some of these factors are not included in current GIB risk prediction models. such as anemia, co-administration of gemfibrozil, co-administration of verapamil or diltiazem, INR, heart failure, myocardial infarction, etc. Conclusions: The study found that anemia, co-administration of gemfibrozil, co-administration of verapamil or diltiazem, INR, heart failure, myocardial infarction et al. were associated with anticoagulation-related GIB, and these factors were not in the existing prediction models. This study informs risk prediction for anticoagulant-associated GIB, it also informs guidelines for GIB prevention and future research.

Hydrolytic performances of different organic compounds in different lignocellulosic biomass during anaerobic digestion

Haifeng Yang,Rui Deng,Junwei Jin,Yuling Wu,Xin Jiang,Jinhua Shi 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.4

Hydrolytic performances of different organic compounds in lignocellulosic biomass (LB) during anaerobic digestion (AD) are worth investigating due to the complex and refractory structure of lignocellulose. This study aimed to clarify the hydrolytic performances of different lignocellulosic components (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) and other typical organics (saccharides, protein and lipid) in AD process. Furthermore, an in-depth study of different lignocellulosic components mono-/co-digestive performances, as well as their effects on digestive systems were also designed to explain the mechanism. Kinetic models were specially applied to evaluate the hydrolytic process and make comparison among different lignocellulosic components. Results showed that hemicellulose obtained high degradation ratio (77.2-85.0%) during anaerobic digestion, while cellulose was difficult to hydrolyze without sufficient acidity. And organics (saccharides, protein and lipid) were much easier to be hydrolyzed than lignocellulose. Results also depicted that lignocellulose addition could efficiently enhance the volatile solid (VS) removals of digestive systems, while lignin existing in systems reduced the VS removal. The limited hydrolysis of lignocellulose hindered the degradation of total VS in digester. It is quite important to obtain high bioenergy conversion, pretreatments, which can destroy the lignin wrapping in LBs digestion. This study could provide a reference for the AD of LBs.