Identification of candidate odorant‐degrading enzyme genes in the antennal transcriptome of Aphidius gifuensis

Kang Zhi‐Wei,Liu Fang‐Hua,Xu Yong‐Yu,Cheng Jia‐Hui,Lin Xiao‐Li,Jing Xiang‐Feng,Tian Hong‐Gang,Liu Tong‐Xian 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.1

Odorant‐degrading enzymes (ODEs) have been found in insect antennae and play a critical role in signal chemical degradation once the message is conveyed. Significant progress has been made in characterizing ODEs in a variety of pests but very little is known in their natural enemies. We have carried out an antennae‐ and sex‐specific transcriptome of Aphidius gifuensis, a natural enemy of aphid, to identify the candidate ODEs. Based on the antennae‐ and sex‐specific transcriptome, a total of 100 putative ODEs were identified including one aldehyde oxidase (AOX), four alcohol dehydrogenases (ADs), eight UDP‐glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), 45 cytochrome P450 (P450s), nine glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) and 40 carboxylesterases (CCEs or CXEs). Additionally, we used RT‐qPCR to determine the expression profiles of these genes in tissues of both sexes. Based on the phylogenic analysis and tissue‐expression patterns, AgifEstE4, AgifCXE3, AgifCCE4, AgifCCE7, and AgifCCE18 were suggested as key ODEs in A. gifuensis. In addition, the female or male specifically enriched genes, such as AgifCCE17, AgifEstB1, AgifCYP18a1, AgifUGT2C2, were also considered to involve in the chemosensory processing in A. gifuensis. This study not only identified the candidate ODEs in A. gifuensis but also provided source for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms of chemical signal transductions in A. gifuensis, as well as other hymenopteran species.

Analysis of Indoleamine 2-3 Dioxygenase (IDO) and EGFR Co-expression in Breast Cancer Tissue by Immunohistochemistry

Bi, Wei-Wei,Zhang, Wei-Hua,Yin, Gui-Hua,Luo, Hong,Wang, Shou-Qin,Wang, Hongran,Li, Chao,Yan, Wei-Qun,Nie, De-Zhi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: To determine the amount of co-expression of IDO and EGFR in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods:In order to obtain the distribution of co-expression of IDO and EGFR in breast cancer, we tested 110 breast cancer paraffin tissue blocks with immunohistochemical methods. Then we investigated the relationship between the diagnostic and pathologic characteristics (tumor size, lymph node status, histologic grade, the gene expression of ER, PR, HER2, p53, Ki67 and PCNA) with the situation of co-expression of IDO and EGFR by reviewing the medical records of 32 breast cancer patients. Results: Among 110 breast cancers, 32 cases demonstrated IDO and EGFR co-expression (29.1%), IDO and EGFR synchronous co-expression being found in 19.1% and asynchronous in 10.0%. Conclusions: IDO and EGFR were co-expressed in breast cancer, including synchronous and asynchronous co-expression. The results suggest that considering IDO and EGFR as two indicators for breast cancer treatment or prognosis analysis provides a potential option of individual treatment for the portion of breast cancer patients with co-expression of IDO and EGFR.

Effects of contraction-type impeller on non-overloaded performance for low-specific-speed sewage pump

Hua Zhang,Bin Chen,Wei-dong Shi,Zhong-yong Pan,Wei-dong Cao 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.3

With the expansion of the engineering application of solid-liquid two-phase flow, the overload characteristics of low-specific-speedsewage pumps become an important obstacle to the development of the products. In this paper, the traditional diffusion-type impeller isutilized to carry out hydraulic design of a low-specific-speed sewage pump. And on this basis, the thickness of the blades is increased forgetting an impeller with contractive-type flow channel. It was found out that through external characteristics, the efficiency of contraction-type impeller is slightly lower than that of diffusion-type impeller, but it shows obvious non-overload performance. PIV experimentis arranged to find the inherent. The results show that although internal flow field distribution of contraction-type impeller is better thanthat of diffusion-type impeller, the severe uneven distribution of absolute velocity of the impeller outlet along the circumference is one ofmain reasons of inefficiency. In addition, another five impellers with different contraction ratio are designed to research relationship betweencontraction ratio and character of non-overload. The characteristics are predicted by CFD, and after comparing the results, it isfound out that, the smaller the contraction ratio is, the closer the condition of power extreme is to the design condition, which has importantimplications for the engineer.

Collaboratively Modeling Buildings from Large-scale street-side and Aerial Images

Wei Zhang,Wei Hua (사)한국CDE학회 2010 한국CAD/CAM학회 국제학술발표 논문집 Vol.2010 No.8

In this paper we present a new collaborative modeling approach which is able to produce 3D building models from street-side images and aerial images by computer vision techniques. The approach adopts the idea of pipelining manufacture. It divides the modeling process into several steps, which consists of a pipeline. Some steps can be done automatically, the others require human intervention. Furthermore, the computing resources are allocated to these steps according to their requirements. That is, some steps are performed on single workstation, while the others are done by a cluster of workstations. Base on this idea, we develop a prototype distributed system for modeling large-scale urban scene by team. In this system, the modeling workload is balanced along the pipeline, and the waiting time between steps is greatly reduced. Moreover, the human intervention that the system needs is simple and the system’s learning curve is short for ordinary users.

Research Paper : Pattern afPatterns of defoliation and their effect on the plant growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Ipomoea cairicaz

( Wei Hua Li ),( Jian Ning Luo ),( Xing Shan Tian ),( Chan Glian Peng ),( Xianye Zhou ) 한국잡초학회 2012 Weed Biology and Management Vol.12 No.1

In order to determine the susceptibility of Ipomoea cairica to herbivory, the compensatory growth and photosynthetic characteristics of I. cairica plants were measured after simulated herbivory by leaf trimming in three patterns: leaf-apex removal, leaf-edge removal, and perforation. The leaf-edge removal resulted in a significantly reduced total biomass and root biomass of the plants, but the leaf-apex removal and perforation had no significant influence on the plant growth. The defoliation patterns had significant effects on the photosynthesis of I. cairica. The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the plants whose leaf edges had been removed were the highest among the three defoliation patterns and the fraction of absorbed light that is used in Photosystem II photochemistry increased greatly, while the fraction of light energy that is dissipated thermally decreased. The increased photosynthetic rate as a result of the leaf-edge removal treatment could be attributed to a decrease in stomatal limitation and an increase in the Rubisco content, as well as higher photosynthetic efficiency and less light energy being dissipated as heat. Increased photosynthesis in the plants whose leaf edges had been removed changed the carbon allocation and resulted in less root development. As the expansion of I. cairica primarily depends on clonal growth, smaller roots could limit its uptake of nutrients from the soil. These direct and indirect effects indicate that leaf-edgefeeding herbivores could have potential in the biological control of I. cairica.

Chinese Mind Piracy?

Wei-Hua Wang,Sae-Bum Kim 한국무역연구원 2016 무역연구 Vol.12 No.3

The issue of piracy is one of the major difficulties in international trade today. It is often the original-brand manufacturer who ends up in a great deal of trouble because of it. Pirated products have disrupted global trade and have caused untold damage to the world s economy. Hence, the copyright awareness of the consumers in a target market is worth looking at. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of Chinese customers copyright awareness on online consumer behavior. For this purpose, data were collected via a web-based questionnaire survey from 252 consumers across 23 cities in China. Qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis were adopted in the study. By building and analyzing the structural equation modeling using AMOS, it was found that copyright awareness has begun to make a drastic change in Chinese consumer behavior. The results reveal that first, Chinese customers age and educational level have significant effects on their copyright awareness; second, those part of the high-copyright awareness group put more importance on service quality than others where satisfaction is concerned; and lastly, their satisfaction have a significant effect on loyalty, but this effect is smaller when observed in the low-copyright awareness group.

Detection of gas-solid flow faults of a circulating fluidized bed using pressure fluctuations in wind caps

Hua-wei Jiang,Jian-qiang Gao,Hong-wei Chen,Jun-fu Lu,Fu-mao Wang,Yang Wang,Zhen-xin Wu 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.7

Wind cap partial blockages and agglomeration are two of the most common gas-solid flow faults that occur under the actual operations of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Using the method of measuring pressure fluctuations, for the characterization of fluid dynamics in fluidized beds, has a great advantage, due to its flexible adaptation to any operating conditions to monitor fluidization. This paper presents research into the use of measuring and analyzing pressure fluctuations in wind caps, for the analysis of the gas-solid fluidization characteristics in a fluidized bed with wind cap partial blockages or agglomeration fault. Partial blockages in a wind cap near feeding side and partial blockages in another wind cap near recycling side as well as agglomeration of different extents were simulated in a cold circulating fluidized bed. Pressure fluctuations in the inlets of several wind caps were measured at different primary air velocities under different fault conditions. They were then analyzed with the methods of statistical average, standard deviation, wavelet analysis and homogeneous index. Based on the calculated characteristic parameters, the effects of gas-solid flow faults on the gas-solid fluidization characteristics were analyzed. Results showed that variations of characteristic parameters of pressure fluctuations were related to variations of the gas-solid flow condition, which were caused by wind cap partial blockages or agglomerations. It is shown that the proposed method is practical.

Three Dimensional Reconstruction of Bone-Cartilage Transitional Structures Based on Semi-Automatic Registration and Automatic Segmentation of Serial Sections

Hua Guo,Zheng-Wei Xu,Bao-Rong He,Ding-Jun Hao,Wei-Guo Bian 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2014 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.11 No.5

A well-defined three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of bone-cartilage transitional structures is crucial for the osteochondral restoration. This paper presents an accurate, computationally efficient and semi-automated algorithm for the alignment and segmentation of two-dimensional (2-D) serial to construct the 3-D model of bonecartilage transitional structures. Entire system includes the following five components: (1) image harvest, (2) image registration, (3) image segmentation, (4) 3-D reconstruction and visualization, and (5) evaluation. A computer program was developed in the environment of Matlab for the semi-automatic alignment and automatic segmentation of serial sections. Semi-automatic alignment algorithm based on the position’s cross-correlation of the anatomical characteristic feature points of two sequential sections. A method combining an automatic segmentation and an image threshold processing was applied to capture the regions and structures of interest. SEM micrograph and 3-D model reconstructed directly in digital microscope were used to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of this strategy. The morphology of 3-D model constructed by serial sections is consistent with the results of SEM micrograph and 3-D model of digital microscope.

Estimation of the net energy requirement for maintenance in broilers

Wei Liu,Chang Hua Lin,Zheng Ke Wu,Guo Hua Liu,Hai Jie Yan,Hua Ming Yang,Hui Yi Cai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6

Objective: The net energy requirement for the maintenance (NEm) of broilers was determined using regression models by the indirect calorimetry method (ICM) or the comparative slaughter method (CSM). Methods: A 2×4 factorial arrangement of treatments including the evaluation method (ICM or CSM) and feed intake (25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of ad libitum recommended) was employed in this experiment. In the ICM, 96 male Arbor Acres (AA) birds aged d 15 were used with 4 birds per replicate and 6 replicates in each treatment. In the CSM, 116 male AA birds aged d 15 were used. Among these 116 birds, 20 were selected as for initial data and 96 were assigned to 4 treatments with 6 replicate cages and 4 birds each. The linear regression between retained energy (RE) and metabolizable energy intake (MEI) or the logarithmic regression between heat production (HP) and MEI were used to calculate the metabolizable or net energy requirement for maintenance (MEm) or NEm, respectively. Results: The evaluation method did not detect any differences in the metabolizable energy (ME), net energy (NE), and NE:ME of diet, and in the MEI, HP, and RE of broilers. The MEI, HP, and RE of broilers decreased (p<0.01) as the feed intake decreased. No evaluation method× feed intake interaction was observed on these parameters. The MEm and NEm estimated from the linear relationship were 594 and 386 kJ/kg of body weight (BW)0.75/d in the ICM, and 618 and 404 kJ/kg of BW0.75/d in the CSM, respectively. The MEm and NEm estimated by logarithmic regression were 607 and 448 kJ/kg of BW0.75/d in the ICM, and were 619 and 462 kJ/kg of BW0.75/d in the CSM, respectively. Conclusion: The NEm values obtained in this study provide references for estimating the NE values of broiler diets.

Separation of arenols from a low-temperature coal tar by liquid-liquid extraction

Hua-Shuai Gao,Zhi-Min Zong,Zheng Yang,Dao-Guang Teng,Xiu-Hua Sun,Li Yan,Xian-Yong Wei,Qing-Jie Guo,Tian-Sheng Zhao,Hong-Cun Bai 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.5

Low-temperature coal tar (LTCT) is a sticky liquid mixture produced mainly from coal pyrolysis, which contains various value-added chemicals (VACs). Liquid-liquid extraction is considered as one of the green and effective ways to explore the organic composition and separate the VACs from LTCT. Herein, petroleum ether, methanol, and carbon disulfide were used to extract arenols from a LTCT. As a result, the relative content and absolute content of arenols extracted from the LTCT are ca. 96.3% and 85.9%, respectively. Among them, p-cresol is predominant, accounting for 22.2%. The isolated contents of arenols are up to 84.6%. Moreover, a kilogram-scale operation was carried out under the same conditions, which offers a potential application in industrial production.