Expression of Osteopontin in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Correlative Relation with Microvascular Density

Yu, Ting-Ting,Han, Zhi-Gang,Shan, Li,Tao, Jie,Zhang, Tao,Yuan, Shuai-Fei,Shen, Hong-Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1

Background and Objective: Lung cancer is one of the malignant diseases which most seriously threat humansurvival and development. This study aimed to assess osteopontin (OPN) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and any relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine OPN expression and microvascular density (MVD) in 120 cases of NSCLC also undergoing clinical assessment. Results: Moderately positive expression of OPN was found in 34.6% (41/120) and strong expression in 47.5% (57/120) of the NSCLCs; OPN expression in carcinomas was higher than in pericarcinoma tissues (P<0.05). While no obvious association was observed with NSCLC patient age, gender, maximum diameter of the tumor and pathological type, OPN expression was more commonly detected in poorly differentiated carcinoma tissue and lymph node metastasis as well as at advanced clinical stage (P<0.05); OPN expression in cancer tissue was positively correlated with MVD (r = 0.839, P = 0.000). Conclusion: OPN plays an important role in promoting tumor angiogenesis and progress of NSCLCs and has the possibility to become the new target for therapy.

Mitigating SYN flooding Attack and ARP Spoofing in SDN Data Plane

Ting-Yu Lin,Jhen-Ping Wu,Pei-Hsuan Hung,Ching-Hsuan Shao,Yu-Ting Wang,Yun-Zhan Cai,Meng-Hsun Tsai 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09

As the number of network devices increases rapidly, it becomes more and more difficult to defend network attacks. Large-scaled attacks, such as SYN flooding, may lead to heavy burden to the switches as well as the controller in a software defined network (SDN). In this paper, we investigate the SYN flooding and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing attacks in SDN, and then propose mechanisms to address these two attacks. We also present a new scheme to detect SYN flooding by using only a few forwarding rules. Moreover, we utilize the Programming Protocol-independent Packet Processors (P4) technique to mitigate the burden of the controller.

Factors Related to Treatment Refusal in Taiwanese Cancer Patients

Chiang, Ting-Yu,Wang, Chao-Hui,Lin, Yu-Fen,Chou, Shu-Lan,Wang, Ching-Ting,Juang, Hsiao-Ting,Lin, Yung-Chang,Lin, Mei-Hsiang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Incidence and mortality rates for cancer have increased dramatically in the recent 30 years in Taiwan. However, not all patients receive treatment. Treatment refusal might impair patient survival and life quality. In order to improve this situation, we proposed this study to evaluate factors that are related to refusal of treatment in cancer patients via a cancer case manager system. Materials and Methods: This study analysed data from a case management system during the period from 2010 to 2012 at a medical center in Northern Taiwan. We enrolled a total of 14,974 patients who were diagnosed with cancer. Using the PRECEDE Model as a framework, we conducted logistic regression analysis to identify independent variables that are significantly associated with refusal of therapy in cancer patients. A multivariate logistic regression model was also applied to estimate adjusted the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: A total of 253 patients (1.69%) refused treatment. The multivariate logistic regression result showed that the high risk factors for refusal of treatment in cancer patient included: concerns about adverse effects (p<0.001), poor performance(p<0.001), changes in medical condition (p<0.001), timing of case manager contact (p=.026), the methods by which case manager contact patients (p<0.001) and the frequency that case managers contact patients (${\geq}10times$) (p=0.016). Conclusions: Cancer patients who refuse treatment have poor survival. The present study provides evidence of factors that are related to refusal of therapy and might be helpful for further application and improvement of cancer care.

Imbalanced Data Classification Based on AdaBoost-SVM

Li Peng,Bi Ting-ting,Yu Xiao-yang,Li Si-ben 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.7 No.5

The classification of imbalanced data is one of the most challenging problems in data mining and machine learning research. Imbalanced dataset is a form that exists in reality area, which describes truly and objectively the essential characters of something. There will appear paucity of data and flooded in the classification of imbalanced dataset. Beside problems such as loss of information and data splitting phenomenon will also appear when using the traditional machine learning methods. So how to solve the classification problem of imbalanced data will be challenging. In this paper, aiming at the above problems, a classification algorithm based on AdaBoost-SVM is proposed. In the experiments with four typical forms of imbalanced data sets in UCI were validated the effectiveness of this strategy.

Whole Cell-mediated Biocatalytic Synthesis of Helicid Cinnamylate and Its Biological Evaluation as a Novel Tyrosinase Inhibitor

Rong-ling Yang,Xi Chen,Yu-ye Song,Qian-lin Zhu,Muhammad Bilal,Yu Wang,Zheng Tong,Ting-ting Wu,Zhao-Yu Wang,Hong-zhen Luo,Xiang-jie Zhao,Ting-ting He 한국생물공학회 2022 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.27 No.3

Tyrosinase inhibitors are clinically effective for treating some dermatological disorders related to melanin hyperpigmentation. Accordingly, the discovery and development of tyrosinase inhibitors have great value in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Here, a novel tyrosinase inhibitor, 6′-O-cinnamoyl-helicid (helicid cinnamylate) was successfully synthesized by a simple and effective biocatalytic approach with Aspergillus oryzae cells. Investigation of the effects of several key variables on helicid cinnamylate synthesis found that the reaction conversion, reaction rate and regioselectivity reached 99%, 9.40 mM/h and > 99%, respectively, at the optimal conditions with anhydrous acetone as the solvent, whole-cell concentration of 40 mg/mL, and the molar ratio of vinyl cinnamate to helicid of 10 at 45°C. The whole-cells retained 68.87% of its initial activity after reusing for seven batches, indicating a potent application potential in non-aqueous biocatalytic systems. It was worth noting that helicid cinnamylate demonstrated a more potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 3.55 mM than helicid (IC50 = 4.48 mM) and arbutin (IC50 = 5.48 mM), which suggest that helicid cinnamylate could be developed as a more potential tyrosinase inhibitor. In conclusion, this study provides a novel whole-cell catalytic approach for the synthesis of helicid cinnamylate and insight into its application as a tyrosinase inhibitor.

Interleukin-20 targets podocytes and is upregulated in experimental murine diabetic nephropathy

Yu-Hsiang Hsu,Hsing-Hui Li,Junne-Ming Sung,Wei-Yu Chen,Ya-Chin Hou,Yun-Han Weng,Wei-Ting Lai,Chih-Hsing Wu,Ming-Shi Chang 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Interleukin (IL)-20, a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-10 family, is involved in acute and chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of IL-20 during diabetic nephropathy development. We found that IL-20 and its receptor IL-20R1 were upregulated in the kidneys of mice and rats with STZ-induced diabetes. In vitro, IL-20 induced MMP-9, MCP-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF expression in podocytes. IL-20 was upregulated by hydrogen peroxide, high-dose glucose and TGF-β1. In addition, IL-20 induced apoptosis in podocytes by activating caspase-8. In STZ-induced early diabetic nephropathy, IL-20R1-deficient mice had lower blood glucose and serum BUN levels and a smaller glomerular area than did wild-type controls. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody (7E) treatment reduced blood glucose and the glomerular area and improved renal functions in mice in the early stage of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy. ELISA showed that the serum IL-20 level was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls. The findings of this study suggest that IL-20 induces cell apoptosis of podocytes and plays a role in the pathogenesis of early diabetic nephropathy.

Ginsenoside Rb1 Inhibits Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells

Yu-Ting Lo,Ya-Hui Tsai,Shu-Ju Wu,Jiun-Rong Chen,C.-J. Chao 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.10

Chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis is the eighth leading cause of death in Taiwan. Excess accumulated extracellular matrix produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the major cause of liver fibrosis. Ginsenoside Rb1, the most active compound purified from ginseng, has been considered to be hepatoprotective. This study investigated the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 (98.8% purity) on activation, proliferation, and profibrotic factors in rat HSC-T6 cells under H₂O₂oxidative stress. Rat HSC-T6 cells were activated by 10 nM H₂O₂and then incubated with different concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1 (5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Medium containing 0.08% dimethyl sulfoxide or 5 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine was used as a negative or positive control, respectively. The results showed that ginsenoside Rb1 at 5–40 μg/mL significantly reduced α-smooth muscle actin levels and at 5–80 μg/mL inhibited cell proliferation in HSC-T6 cells after induction with H₂O₂(P<.05). Collagen secreted by HSC-T6 cells was decreased by ginsenoside Rb1 at 5–80 μg/mL (P<.05). Protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 was suppressed by ginsenoside Rb1 at 10–80 μg/mL (P<.05). In addition, mRNA expression of type I and III collagen, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1 was inhibited by ginsenoside Rb1 (10 and 80 μg/mL) (P<.05). Therefore, ginsenoside Rb1 exerted an antifibrotic effect on HSCs by inhibiting activation, proliferation, and expression of collagen, TGF-β1, MMP-2, and TIMP-1.

Effects of Heat Treatments on Puncture Resistant Properties of Polyamine and Polyamide-based Nonwoven Fabrics

Ting Ru Lin,Yan-Yu Lin,Ting An Lin,Jia-Ci Jhang,Ching-Wen Lou,Jia-Horng Lin 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.9

In countries with severe gun regulations, soldiers and police officers are commonly attacked by sharp weapons. The current personal protective equipment is too heavy, and therefore, in this study, mechanically strong Kevlar® fibers,nylon fibers, and Low-melting-point polyester (LMPET) fibers are needle punched to make thin, light, and comfortablenonwoven fabrics. Hot-baking and hot-pressing heat treatments are used for thermal bonding fibers, which subsequentlygenerate a dense and rigid surface because nonwoven fabrics are subjected to damaged structure by needle punch or aslippery state due to the fibers’ properties. The results of the air permeability, tensile strength, and quasi-static stab resistancetestings verify that the dense surface is correlated with hot-pressing heat treatment.

Damage detection for beam structures based on local flexibility method and macro-strain measurement

Ting Yu Hsu,Wen I Liao,Shen Yau Hsiao 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.4

Many vibration-based global damage detection methods attempt to extract modal parameters from vibration signals as the main structural features to detect damage. The local flexibility method is one promising method that requires only the first few fundamental modes to detect not only the location but also the extent of damage. Generally, the mode shapes in the lateral degree of freedom are extracted from lateral vibration signals and then used to detect damage for a beam structure. In this study, a new approach which employs the mode shapes in the rotary degree of freedom obtained from the macro-strain vibration signals to detect damage of a beam structure is proposed. In order to facilitate the application of mode shapes in the rotary degree of freedom for beam structures, the local flexibility method is modified and utilized. The proposed rotary approach is verified by numerical and experimental studies of simply supported beams. The results illustrate potential feasibility of the proposed new idea. Compared to the method that uses lateral measurements, the proposed rotary approach seems more robust to noise in the numerical cases considered. The sensor configuration could also be more flexible and customized for a beam structure. Primarily, the proposed approach seems more sensitive to damage when the damage is close to the supports of simply supported beams.

Human lactoferrin efficiently targeted into caprine beta-lactoglobulin locus with transcription activator-like effector nucleases

Yu-Guo Yuan,Shao-Zheng Song,Meng-Ming Zhu,Zheng-Yi He,Rui Lu,Ting Zhang,Fei Mi,Jin-Yu Wang,Yong Cheng 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.8

Objective: To create genetically modified goat as a biopharming source of recombinant human lacotoferrin (hLF) with transcription activator-like effector nucleases. Methods: TALENs and targeting vector were transferred into cultured fibroblasts to insert hLF cDNA in the goat beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) locus with homology-directed repair. The gene targeted efficiency was checked using sequencing and TE7I assay. The bi-allelic gene targeted colonies were isolated and confirmed with polymerase chain reaction, and used as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Results: The targeted efficiency for BLG gene was approximately 10%. Among 12 Bi-allelic gene targeted colonies, five were used in first round SCNT and 4 recipients (23%) were confirmed pregnant at 30 d. In second round SCNT, 7 (53%), 4 (31%), and 3 (23%) recipients were confirmed to be pregnant by ultrasound on 30 d, 60 d, and 90 d. Conclusion: This finding signifies the combined use of TALENs and SCNT can generate bi-allelic knock-in fibroblasts that can be cloned in a fetus. Therefore, it might lay the foundation for transgenic hLF goat generation and possible use of their mammary gland as a bioreactor for large-scale production of recombinant hLF.