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Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk
Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6
Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.
Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells
Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4
The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.
Han, Sung-Sik,Park, Sang-Jae,Kim, Seong Hoon,Cho, Seong Yeon,Kim, Young-Kyu,Kim, Tae Hyun,Lee, Soon-ae,Woo, Sang Myung,Lee, Woo Jin,Hong, Eun Kyung Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2012 PANCREAS Vol.41 No.1
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the significance of portal vein–superior mesenteric vein (PV-SMV) invasion on survival in patients who underwent margin-negative pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) with PV-SMV resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 60 patients who underwent margin-negative PD with or without PV-SMV resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma between August 2001 and December 2007. The depth of vessel invasion was investigated and was categorized into 3 groups: tunica adventitia, media, and intima. Clinicopathologic factors and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Portal vein–superior mesenteric vein resection was performed on 19 patients, but only 15 patients (78.9%) had histologically true invasion and showed poorer survival (median survival, 14 vs 9 months; P < 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that poorly differentiated tumor, lymphatic invasion, endovascular invasion, PV-SMV invasion, and invasion into the intima of PV-SMV were statistically significant. Poorly differentiated tumor and invasion into the intima of PV-SMV were significant in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Aggressive surgical resection should be attempted in cases with suspected PV-SMV invasion because 21.1% of patients had no true invasion and showed better survival than those with true invasion. However, invasion into the tunica intima may be a poor prognostic factor for survival even after margin-negative PD for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
A Study on the Development of Measurement Techniques for Thermal Flows in MEMS
Han-Seo Ko,Sang-Sik Yang,Jai-Suk Yoo,Hyun-Jung Kim 대한전기학회 2006 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.1 No.3
A review on advanced flow visualization techniques is presented particularly for applications to micro scale heat and mass transport measurements. Challenges, development and applications of micro scale visualization techniques are discussed for the study of heating/evaporating thin films, a heated micro channel, and a thermopneumatic micro pump. The developed methods are (1) Molecular Tagging Fluorescence Velocimetry (MTFV) using IO-nm caged seeding molecules (2) Micro Particle Velocimetry (MPIV) and (3) Ratiometric Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) for micro-resolution thermometry. These three methods are totally non-intrusive techniques and would be useful to investigate the temperature and flow characteristics in MEMS. Each of these techniques is discussed in three- fold: (1) its operating principle and operation, (2) its application and measurement results, and (3) its future challenges.
Photo-Related Stress Effects in a-SiGe:H Thin Film Transistors for Infrared Image Sensors
Sang Youn Han,Kyung Sook Jeon,Junho Song,Ho Sik Jeon,Byung Seong Bae IEEE 2013 Journal of display technology Vol.9 No.1
<P>The effects of photo-related stress on the electrical performances of a-SiGe:H thin-film transistors (TFTs) were investigated in comparison with a-Si:H TFTs. Compared with a-Si:H TFTs, the a-SiGe:H TFTs show better stability to the light stress because the number of electrons involved in the creation of dangling bonds are smaller in a-SiGe:H TFTs, resulting in less light-induced degradation. However, a larger threshold voltage shift from the positive gate bias was observed due to the higher number of weak bonds in a-SiGe:H TFTs, which leads to a higher gate bias instability than is observed for a-Si:H TFTs. The temperature dependences of the electrical properties in a-SiGe:H TFTs were observed, and they indicated that a-SiGe:H TFTs follow a thermally activated behavior pattern. Based on the thermally activated behavior, a new model predicting the lifetime of a-SiGe:H TFT image sensors was proposed. The instability of the drain current with respect to the stress time under an electrical bias and light was estimated. Based on the calculated lifetime, the a-SiGe:H TFTs are predicted to be reliable for long-term applications in image sensors.</P>