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( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3
Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)
SOD2와 NDPK2 유전자 집적에 의한 페튜니아의 아황산가스 저항성 증진
이수영(Su Young Lee),천경성(Kyeong-Seong Cheon),김소영(So Young Kim),권오현(O Hyeon Kwon),이혜진(Hye Jin Lee),김원희(Won Hee Kim),유봉식(Bong Sik Yoo) 한국원예학회 2016 원예과학기술지 Vol.34 No.1
유전자 집적에 의해 아황산가스 저항성 증진 페튜니아를 개발하고자 비생물적스트레스 저항성 유전자로 널리 알려진 SOD2 와 NDPK2유전자가 각각 도입된 SOD2 형질전환 계통 SOD2-2-1-1-35(T₄)[S(T₄)]와 NDPK2 형질전환 계통 NDPK2-7-1(T₂)[N7-1(T₂)]간 상호교잡을 실시하여 교잡 제1세대를 획득하였다. 교잡 제1세대 중 SOD2와 NDPK2유전자가 모두 집적된 개체 획득율은 32.1-73.0%이었고, SOD2와 NDPK2유전자가 모두 집적된 개체는 SOD2 또는 NDPK2유전자가 단독 도입된 개체에 비해 아황산가스 30ppm처리 피해율이 2.6-5.1배 낮아 아황산가스 저항성이 증진되었음을 확인하였다. 또한 아황산가스 저항성이 증진된 교잡 제1세대를 자가수분에 의해 세대진전 시켜 획득한 교잡 제2세대의 아황산가스 저항성 검정을 통하여 교잡 제1세대에서의 아황산가스 저항성이 후대에서도 안정적으로 발현함을 확인하였다. 또한, 광합성 효율 증진 조사를 통해 아황산가스 저항성이 증진된 SOD2와 NDPK2유전자 집적 후대가 아황산 가스에 대한 스트레스를 덜 받고 있음을 확인하였고, RT-qPCR분석을 통해 SOD2와 NDPK2유전자 집적 후대의 아황산가스 저항성 증진이 SOD2와 NDPK2 유전자 집적에 의한 효과임을 확인하였다. The aim of this study was to develop a transgenic petunia with enhanced resistance to sulfur dioxide (SO₂) gas by stacking two genes, SOD2 and NDPK2, which are both known to confer resistance to abiotic stresses. The first-generation hybrids (TF1) were obtained through reciprocal crosses between an SOD2-transgenic line SOD2-2-1-1-35(T₄)[S(T₄)] and an NDPK2- transgenic line NDPK2-7-1(T₂)[N7-1(T₂)]. Approximately 32.1-73.0% of the first-generation hybrids (TF₁) carried both SOD2 and NDPK2 genes. These hybrids showed 2.6 and 5.1 times less damage than hybrids carrying only SOD2 or NDPK2 genes, respectively, when they were treated with SO₂ gas at 30 ppm. This confirmed that the heterozygous hybrids were more resistant to SO₂ than the hybrids carrying either one of the resistance genes. Second-generation hybrids (TF₂) were obtained by selfing the TF₁ individuals. We confirmed the expression of the stacked genes in the TF₂ hybrids by phenotypic observation of their response to SO₂ gas at 30 ppm as well as using RT-qPCR and photosynthetic efficiency.
박천식,구소영 慶北大學校出版部 2004 經商論集 Vol.32 No.1
This study analyzes the announcement effect of the stock option plans and its impact on the risk. We review the theoretical literature about the stock option in the perspective of the agency theory, option theory, and compensation systme. Then, We empirically test the theories for the firms that have aggressively introduced the stock option plans in short time-period and have been in the central position of the economic revolution in Korea since the end of 1997. Samples used fere are consisted of 87 nonfinancial firms listed continuously during the sample period, between 1997 and 2000. In the analysis of announcement effect, abnormal returns are calculated using market and risk adjusted return model with parameters estimated over the period for 250 trading days before the announcement day. For each case, average daily adjusted returns and average daily cumulative adjusted returns are calculated by using daily stock returns obtained from the KSRI-Stock Database. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the stock prices for 10 days before and after the announcement day show significant positive abnormal returns, indicating that the investors have positive attitude for the introduction of the stock option plans. Second, using Wilcoxon test, We analyze the change of the short-term risk between before and after the announcement day by calculating variances and betas(β) of stock returns. The announcement of stock option plans affects positively on the risk, indicating that the managers of the sample firms have incentives to increase the risk by investing in the excessively risky projects in order to maximize their future rewards. Finally, we run cross-sectional regressions of cumulative adjusted returns on firm size, sales growth, leverage, liquidity.Sales growth is confirmed as significant variables explaining cumulative adjusted returns. Our results are consistent with the notion that stock option plans have asymmetric payoffs that could induce managers to take on more risk and that executive security holdings have a role in reducing agency problems.
제대동정맥 ECMO를 적용한 염소태아의 혈액가스 및 혈류역학 변화
송창훈(Chang Hun Song),소금영(Geum Young So),이국현(Kook Hyun Lee),박석천(Sok Cheon Pak) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.9
N/A Objectives : The purpose of this study is to establish animal model of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system that uses membreane type oxygenator and circulation circuit of umbilical artery and vein. Blood gas and hemodynamic changes in the fetal goat undergoing ECMO were also evaluated. Methods : Total 15 pregnant goat had been used to perform extrauterine fetal incubation using ECMO through umbilical artery and vein. Cesarean-section was performed to pregnant goat (35 kg) of 120-130 days of gestation to insert catheters (8 Fr) into the umbilical artery and vein. The tip of inserted catheter's the other end was connected with the circuit system including membrane type oxygenator (Polystan) and roller pump. A total of 300 ml of blood was drawn from donor nonpregnant goat and primed into circuit on the day of surgery. The goat fetus was immersed in a chamber filled with artificial amniotic fluid to monitor blood flow dynamics and blood gas was analyzed. Results : The ECMO system using umbilical cord in the extrauterine incubation of fetal goat was developed and maximum survival of goat fetus was 34.5 hrs (mean survival was 856.6±688 min). Oxygen tension (PO2) in umbilical artery and vein were 20.53±2.54 mmHg, 31.03±13.03 mmHg and oxygen saturation (SO2) in umbilical artery and vein were 46.61±18.14 mmHg, 71.56±15.39 mmHg. Mean blood flow was 176±62 ml/min/kg. Conclusion : We suggest that our experimental model as an extrauterine fetal research could be a reasonable method in future advanced studies. However, longterm survival of extrauterine fetus needs more suitable hemodynamic and blood gas condition supported by further researches.
Tat-mediated Protein Transduction of Human Brain Pyridoxine-5-P Oxidase into PC12 Cells
So Young Kim,Jae Jin An,Dae Won Kim,Soo Hyun Choi,Sun Hwa Lee,Seok Il Hwang,Oh Shin Kwon,Tae Cheon Kang,Moo Ho Won,Sung Woo Cho,Jin Seu Park,Won Sik Eum,Kil Soo Lee,Soo Young 한국생활환경학회 2006 BMB Reports Vol.39 No.1
( Young Il Jo ),( Ha Young Na ),( Ju Young Moon ),( Sang Woong Han ),( Dong Ho Yang ),( Sang Ho Lee ),( Hyeong Cheon Park ),( Hoon Young Choi ),( So Dug Lim ),( Jeong Hae Kie ),( Yong Kyu Lee ),( Sug 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.2
Background/Aims: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a generally progressive disease, even in patients with favorable prognostic features. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antiproteinuric effect and tolerability of lowdose valsartan (an angiotensin II receptor blocker) therapy in normotensive IgAN patients with minimal proteinuria of less than 0.5 to 1.0 g/day. Methods: Normotensive IgAN patients, who had persistent proteinuria with a spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio of 0.3 to 1.0 mg/mg creatinine, were recruited from five hospitals and randomly assigned to either 40 mg of valsartan as the low-dose group or 80 mg of valsartan as the regular-dose group. Clinical and laboratory data were collected at baseline, and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after valsartan therapy. Results: Forty-three patients (low-dose group, n = 23; regular-dose group, n = 20) were enrolled in the study. Proteinuria decreased significantly not only in the regular-dose group but also in the low-dose group. The change in urine protein-to-creatinine ratio at week 24 was -41.3% ± 26.1% (p < 0.001) in the regular- dose group and -21.1% ± 45.1% (p = 0.005) in the low-dose group. In the lowdose group, blood pressure was constant throughout the study period, and there was no symptomatic hypotension. In the regular-dose group, blood pressure decreased at weeks 8 and 12. No significant change in glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine level, or serum potassium level was observed during the study period. Conclusions: Our results suggest that low-dose valsartan can significantly reduce proteinuria without causing any intolerability in normotensive IgAN patients with minimal proteinuria.