SECKEL 증후군 환자의 증례보고

김추성,김재곤,백병주,양연미,정진우 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

Seckel 증후군은 상염색체 열성 유전질환으로 태내에서의 성장지연에 따른 출생 후의 소인증, 심한 소두증을 나타내며, 큰눈과 돌출된 코, 후퇴된 하악을 동반한 새 모양의 안모가 특징적이다. 다른 임상증상으로는 관절의 결함, 내반족, 드문드문 난 모발, 비뇨생식기의 이형성, 정신지체, 혈액학적 이상 등이 나타날 수 있다. Seckel 증후군의 구강 내 소견으로는 부정교합, 법랑질 저형성증, 일부 치아의 선천적 결손, 우상치 등이 나타날 수 있다. 본 증례는 Seckel 증후군을 보이는 두 증례에서 발육부전, 새 모양의 안모, 비뇨기과적 기형, 치아의 저형성과 부정교합 등 다양한 전신증상과 구강 내 증상들을 보였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. Seckel syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation and post-natally by dwarfism, severe microcephaly, bird-headed profile with receding chin, prominent nose, joint defects, clubfoot, sparse hair, malformation of genitourinary tract and rectum, mental retardation and hematological disorders. There is also a reduction in the number of blood cells. Dental anomalies of Seckel syndrome are crowded teeth with malocclusion, enamel hypoplasia, absence of some teeth and taurodontism. This report described the oral and maxillofacial manifestations of children associated with Seckel syndrome. Children with Seckel syndrome have several dental and skeletal irregularities. The purpose of this study was to report the dental and medical characteristics of the patient and review the literatures of Seckel syndrome.

단클론항체를 이용한 타액 내 Streptococcus mutans 수준의 측정

김추성,김재곤,양연미,백병주,이경열,김미아,임수민 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

Streptococcus mutans는 구강 내에 상존하는 치아우식증의 주요 원인균으로서 치면의 피막에 부착 후 glucan을 형성하여 세균의 군락을 이루며, 외부로부터 공급된 자당대사를 통하여 유기산을 생성함으로써 법랑질을 탈회시킨다. 치아우식 활성도의 평가를 위한 단클론항체를 이용한 방법은 진료실에서 빠른 시간 내에 간편하게 타액에 존재하는 Streptococcus mutans의 정량분석이 가능한 방법이다. 이 연구는 3세에서 6세 사이의 어린이 15명을 대상으로 자극성 타액을 채취하여 시판 중인 단클론항체를 이용한 Salivacheck Mutans, strip을 이용한 Dentocult-SM 그리고 MSB배지 배양법으로서 타액 내 Streptococcus mutans를 측정한 후 그 값을 우식경험치아수와 비교하여 상관관계를 알아보았다. Saliva-check Mutans를 이용한 방법은 Dentocult-SM과 MSB배지법과 통계학적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였으나 (p<0.05), MSB배지법은 어린이의 우식경험치아수와 통계학적으로 유의한 결과를 나타내지 않았다 (p=0.34). Streptococcus mutans, one of the major causal agents of dental caries, is component of the dental plaque. It produces various organic acids such as lactic acid which is the end-product of glycolysis, and this leads to dental caries. A new system using species-specific monoclonal antibodies was developed to detect Streptococcus mutans in saliva. The system quickly detects salivary Streptococcus mutans in 30min and classifies the result into two levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation between monoclonal antibody-based detecting system and selective medium-based detecting methods. Children's deft indices were also compared with Streptococcus mutans counts in MSB agar plate. Subjects consisted of 15 children in the age of 3 to 6 years. They were assigned to three groups: Group Ⅰ (deft index = 3), Group Ⅱ (deft index ≤ 3), Group Ⅲ (deft index ≥ 4). The results are as follows : 1. The rate of children with positive response was 13.3% and with negative response was 86.7% in the result of Saliva-check Mutans test kit. 2. There was a positive correlation between monoclonal antibody-based detecting system and selective medium-based detecting methods (p<0.05). 3. Streptococcus mutans counts in MSB agar plate were irrelevant to deft of children(p=0.34).

Soft toric lens rotation measurement using Slit-lamp method and built-in camera of smart phone

Sung Woo Choi,Min Gi Lee,Chan Wok Lee,Sang Min Choi,Mi Ae Park,Jung Gun Lee,Sun Mi Park,Hyung Min Park,Byoung Sun Chu 대한시과학회 2015 대한시과학회지 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Purpose: Aims of this study were to investigate the agreement and test-retest repeatability of two methods for measuring magnitude of soft toric lens rotation. The two methods assessed were a newly developed mobile application for iPhone which uses the built-in camera function and the slit lamp biomicroscope. Methods: Agreement of ToriExpertä against known reference source was tested under experimental situation. For clinical measurement, thirty three participants (66 eyes) wore toric lens (prism ballast design) both eyes. Two investigators measured toric lens rotation using the two methods which are slit-lamp measurement(HS-700) and mobile application. First investigator used the same method twice for assessment of test-retest repeatability of each method. Inter- and intra-investigator agreement and repeatability were assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Against the known reference sources, mean variance was 0.52±0.75 degree and limits of agreement was ±1.47 degree (95% of Cls). The limits of agreement between the silt-lamp biomicroscope and mobile application methods was ±9.1 degree (95% CIs). Measurements using the two different methods showed no statistically significant mean difference (paired t-test, p=0.32). Inter-investigator agreement of lens rotation was ±7.9 degree (95% CIs) using the slit-lamp microscope and ±7.8 degree using mobile application. Intra-investigator repeatability was ±6.6 degree using the slit lamp microscope and ±6.8 using mobile application. Conclusions: The results should be considered in view of the fact that soft toric lenses are not static but move with the blink thus the location of the reference point is unlikely to be at exactly the same location at the different measurement times. Despite this source of variability in the results, the newly developed mobile application provides clinically comparable performance to slit lamp biomicroscope measurement which does not appear to be investigator dependent. This mobile application may provide sufficient precision to those optometric practices have limited access to slit-lamp biomicroscope for measuring soft toric lens rotation.

Chemokine Lkn-1/CCL15 enhances matrix metalloproteinase-9 release from human macrophages and macrophage-derived foam cells

Sang-Hee Kwon,Seong-A Ju,Ji-Hye Kang,Chu-Sook Kim,Hyeon-Mi Yoo,Rina Yu 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.2 No.2

Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory disease, and chemokines play an important role in both initiation and progression of atherosclerosis development. Leukotactin-1 (Lkn-1/CCL15), a new member of the human CC chemokine family, is a potent chemoattractant for leukocytes. Our previous study has demonstrated that Lkn-1/CCL15 plays a role in the initiation of atherosclerosis, however, little is currently known whether Lkn-1/CCL15 is associated with the progression of atherosclerosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions play a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis by altering the vulnerability of plaque rupture. In the present study, we examined whether Lkn-1/CCL15 modulates MMP-9 release, which is a prevalent form expressed by activated macrophages and foam cells. Human THP-1 monocytic cells and/or human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) were treated with phorbol myristate acetate to induce their differentiation into macrophages. Foam cells were prepared by the treatment of THP-1 macrophages with human oxidized LDL. The macrophages and foam cells were treated with Lkn-1/CCL15, and the levels of MMP-9 release were measured by Gelatin Zymography. Lkn-1/CCL15 significantly enhanced the levels of MMP-9 protein secretion from THP-1 monocytic cells-derived macrophages, human PBMC-derived macrophages, as well as macrophage-derived foam cell in a dose dependent manner. Our data suggest that the action of Lkn-1/CCL15 on macrophages and foam cells to release MMP-9 may contribute to plaque destabilization in the progression of atherosclerosis.

Histological Expression of Methionine Adenosyltransferase (MAT) I and MAT II as Post-surgical Prognostic Surrogates in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Mi-jung Jun ),( Ju Hyun Shim ),( Joo Ho Lee ),( Gi-won Song ),( Yangsoon Park ),( Eunsil Yu ),( Sung-gyu Lee ),( Jihyun An ),( Danbi Lee ),( Kang Mo Kim ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Young-h 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: It has been found that methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) gene, encoding isoenzymes MAT I/III, is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and reduced MAT1A expression correlates with worse HCC prognosis. The X protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV) inhibits apoptosis in HCC cells through enhancing the expression of MAT2A gene, encoding MAT II. MA1A/MAT2A switch has been severally demonstrated to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. We aimed to investigate prognostic implication of MAT I and MAT II protein expression in HBV-infected patients undergoing hepatic resection for HCC. Methods: In this study, we used a tissue microarray constructed from archival surgical specimens of 166 patients with HBV-related HCC who underwent curative hepatectomy at Asan Medical Center. The tumor tissue microarray was immunohistochemically stained with primary antibodies against MAT I and MAT II. We examined pre- and post-surgical clinical factors related to MAT 1 and MAT II, using logistic regression analysis, and predictive effect of the two proteins on post-surgical recurrence and survival, using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Of the 166 patients, 74.1% were male with a mean age of 52.8 ± 8.7 years, 94% were Child-Pugh class A disease, and 55.4% had liver cirrhosis. In terms of histological factors, most patients had solitary tumor (93.4%) and tumors of 5cm or less (74.7%). Microvascular invasion and Edmondson grade III/IV tumors were observed in 30.7% and 66.9%, respectively of the patients. During a median follow-up of 39 months (range 5-81 months), 12 deaths and 63 recurrences had been found, where 52 recurrences occurred early within 2 years after resection. MAT I and MAT II were positively expressed in 83.7% and 87.3%, respectively of the 166 tumor tissues. MAT I expression was independently associated with male and tumors of 5 cm or less (adjusted P<0.05 for both). Expression of MAT II had a significant relationship with only serum AFP >200 ng/mL (adjusted P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that MAT II expression was significantly correlated with shorter times to overall and early recurrences (hazard ratios 9.97 and 8.26, respectively; adjusted P<0.05 for both), as was not positive MAT I (hazard ratio 1.13; P=0.730). Immunopositivity for two proteins did not influence overall survival (P>0.05 for both). MAT I : MAT II activity ratio below 1.0 was observed in 12.7% of the patients, and not significantly associated with post-surgical recurrence and survival outcomes. Conclusions: Immunohistological expression of MAT II in tumor may be helpful in predicting and monitoring tumor recurrence, especially in the early phase after hepatic resection, in patients with HBV-related HCC.

Adipsin as a Possible Regulatory Gene in Obesity-Associated Pathological Changes in the Colon

Sung-Eun Kim,Eun-Ju Do,Youn-Kyung Bak,Mi-Kyung Kim,Jinsil Choo,JaeRyang Chu,Yun-Jung Bae,Myung-Sook Choi,Seung-Jae Myung,Mi-Kyung Sung 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

Characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate communities at reference streams

Mi-Jung Bae,Hyunduk Cho,Tae-Sung Kwon,Jung Hwa Chun,Young-Seuk Park 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04

Benthic macroinvertebrates are sedentary and have an intermediate life span ranging from months to a few years. They play a key role as consumers in the food trophic structure by linking producers, top carnivores, and decomposers in aquatic communities. Therefore, they have been widely used for ecological assessment of aquatic ecosystem health in an integrative and continuous manner. In this study, we characterized benthic macroinvertebrate communities at reference sites, which are not disturbed. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected seasonally with a Surber net at three different streams (Pocheon, Hongcheon, and Namhae). In addition, hydrological and physicochemical environmental factors including temperature, discharge, width, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH were also measured at each sampling site. Spatial and temporal differences of benthic macrointertebrate communities were analyzed based on community indices, functional guilds, etc. relating to their environmental factors. Multivariate analysis were used to characterize the relationships between communities and environmental factors. Benthic macroinvertebrates were significantly different among sampling sites reflecting differences of their environmental condition such as hydromorphological factors, meteorological factors, etc.

C-KIT-positive undifferentiated tumor of the liver: A case report

CHU, HYUN HEE,CHO, BAIK HWAN,SONG, JI SOO,KIM, KYUNG MI,MOON, WOO SUNG D.A. Spandidos 2014 Oncology letters Vol.8 No.4

<P>With recent advances in cancer stem cell analysis, it has been postulated that the transformation of hepatic stem and progenitor cells underlies the development of certain liver cancers. Human C-KIT is a transmembrane type III receptor protein with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity that has been proposed as a marker for human embryonic stem cells. In addition, human C-KIT functions in maintaining the undifferentiated state of stem cells, and has been identified as a marker for human hematopoietic and hepatic stem/progenitor cells. The present study identified an unusual case of a C-KIT-positive hepatic tumor with an undifferentiated stem cell phenotype distinct from existing descriptions of liver tumors. A 69-year-old male with Ampulla of Vater (AoV) cancer was admitted to the hospital for the treatment of a hepatic mass that was incidentally detected during evaluation of AoV cancer. Microscopically, the hepatic tumor was composed of solidly packed small, round and uniform undifferentiated cells, which resembled that of a small-blue-round-cell tumor. The immunophenotype of neoplastic cells (C-KIT<SUP>+</SUP>/EpCAM<SUP>+</SUP>/E-cadherin<SUP>+</SUP>/keratin 7<SUP>−</SUP>/keratin 19<SUP>−</SUP>/α-fetoprotein<SUP>−</SUP>/albumin<SUP>−</SUP>) supported primitive stem cell features with no hepatic or biliary phenotypes. Polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing revealed no C-KIT mutations. It is suggested that this tumor may have originated from transformed C-KIT<SUP>+</SUP>/EpCAM<SUP>+</SUP>/E-cadherin<SUP>+</SUP> cells, which are more primitive and undifferentiated than bipotential hepatic progenitor cells.</P>

난소절제술로 유도된 흰쥐 비만에서 에스트로젠의 작용

Chu, Sang-Hui,Lee, Mi-Kyung,Kowalski, Jill,Beck, Jenny,Schwertz, Dorie 한국기초간호학회 2008 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: Hypoestrogenism caused by ovariectomy, disease, or menopause is associated with increased obesity in women. Altered fat distribution and weight gain are consequences of menopausal hypoestrogenism, but the mechanisms responsible are not completely known. This study examined the effect of estrogen on obesity in ovariectomized rats. Method: The groups of female rats were 4 weeks post ovariectomy (OVX) or, 4 weeks post-sham operation (SHAM), and 2 weeks post ovariectomy followed by 2 weeks replacement with estradiol benzoate (ER-$16{\mu}g$/kg, subq, qd). Serum ghrelin level was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The expression of adrenergic receptors in adipose tissue was measured by Western blotting assay. Result: OVX significantly increased body weight, serum cholesterol. Two weeks estrogen replacement reduced body weight accompanied by the increment of serum ghrelin and the reduction of the receptor ratio of adrenergic ${\alpha}_{2A}/{\beta}_1$, and ${\alpha}_{2A}/{\beta}_3$. Conclusion: We provide evidence that estrogen reduces obesity through the altered receptor ratio of adrenergic ${\alpha}_{2A}/{\beta}_1$, and ${\alpha}_{2A}/{\beta}_3$ in adipose tissue in ovariectomized rats.

Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid Induces Cell Death in Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocyte Apoptosis and Necrosis

Sang Hui Chu,Wol Mi Park,Kyung Eun Lee,Young Sook Pae 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.6

<P> Intracellular accumulation of bile acids in the hepatocytes during cholestasis is thought to be pathogenic in cholestatic liver injury. Due to the detergent-like effect of the hydrophobic bile acids, hepatocellular injury has been attributed to direct membrane damage. However histological findings of cholestatic liver diseases suggest apoptosis can be a mechanism of cell death during cholestatic liver diseases instead of necrosis. To determine the pattern of hepatocellular toxicity induced by bile acid, we incubated primary cultured rat hepatocytes with a hydrophobic bile acid, Glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC), up to 5 hours. After 5 hours incubation with 400 μM GCDC, lactate dehydrogenase released significantly. Cell viability, quantitated in propidium iodide stained cells concomitant with fluoresceindiacetate was decreased time- and dose-dependently. Most nuclei with condensed chromatin and shrunk cytoplasm were heavily labelled time- and dose-dependently by a positive TUNEL reaction. These findings suggest that both apoptosis and necrosis are involved in hepatocytes injury caused by GCDC.