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Associations of physical activity with gut microbiota in pre-adolescent children
( Sara Santarossa ),( Alexandra R. Sitarik ),( Christine Cole Johnson ),( Jia Li ),( Susan V. Lynch ),( Dennis R. Ownby ),( Alex Ramirez ),( Germaine Lm. Yong ),( Andrea E. Cassidy-bushrow ) 한국운동영양학회 2021 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.25 No.4
[Purpose] To determine whether physical activity (PA), primarily the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA, is associated with gut bacterial microbiota in 10-year-old children. [Methods] The Block Physical Activity Screener, which provides minutes/day PA variables, was used to determine whether the child met the PA recommendations. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on stool samples from the children to profile the composition of their gut bacterial microbiota. Differences in alpha diversity metrics (richness, Pielou’s evenness, and Faith’s phylogenetic diversity) by PA were determined using linear regression, whereas beta diversity (unweighted and weighted UniFrac) relationships were assessed using PERMANOVA. Taxon relative abundance differentials were determined using DESeq2. [Results] The analytic sample included 321 children with both PA and 16S rRNA sequencing data (mean age [SD] =10.2 [0.8] years; 54.2% male; 62.9% African American), where 189 (58.9%) met the PA recommendations. After adjusting for covariates, meeting the PA recommendations as well as minutes/ day PA variables were not significantly associated with gut richness, evenness, or diversity (p ≥ 0.19). However, meeting the PA recommendations (weighted UniFrac R<sup>2</sup> = 0.014, p = 0.001) was significantly associated with distinct gut bacterial composition. These compositional differences were partly characterized by increased abundance of Megamonas and Anaerovorax as well as specific Christensenellaceae_R-7_group taxa in children with higher PA. [Conclusion] Children who met the recommendations of PA had altered gut microbiota compositions. Whether this translates to a reduced risk of obesity or associated metabolic diseases is still unclear.
Solidification Kinetics of a Near Eutectic Al-Si Alloy, Unmodified and Modified with Sr
R. Aparicio,G. Barrera,G. Trapaga,M. Ramirez-Argaez,C. Gonzalez-Rivera 대한금속·재료학회 2013 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.19 No.4
The purpose of this work was to explore the differences in solidification kinetics between unmodified and Sr modified eutectic Al-Si alloy as revealed by Fourier Thermal Analysis (FTA) and grain-growth kinetics characterization. Thermal analysis were performed in cylindrical stainless steel cups coated with a thin layer of boron nitride, using two type-K thermocouples connected to a data acquisition system. Grain growth kinetics characterization was carried out using solid fraction evolution and grain density data. FTA results for the non modified and modified alloys suggest that there are changes in the solidification rate during eutectic nucleation followed, during growth, by similar solidification rate evolutions, suggesting that this parameter is governed principally by the heat extraction conditions. On the other hand the change of the grain growth parameters estimated for the experimental probes suggest that the presence of Sr may modify the relationship between grain growth rate and undercooling in eutectic Al-Si.
Maria Rosana Ramirez,Leandra Guterres,Odila E. Dickel,Micheli R. de Castro,Amelia T. Henriques,Ma´rcia M. de Souza,Daniela Martı´ Barros 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.2
The aim of this study was to carry out pharmacological screening in order to evaluate the potential effects of lyophilized fruits of different cultivars of Vaccinium ashei Reade (Family Ericaceae) berries, commonly known as rabbiteye blueberries, on nociception. This was achieved using the formalin, hot plate, tail-flick, and writhing tests in mice. During this experiment the mice consumed approximately 3.2–6.4mg/kg/day (p.o.) of the anthocyanins. The extract was administered for 21 days or 60 minutes before test. Morphine and diclofenac (10mg/kg, p.o.) as the standard drug (positive control) and water (via oral gavage) as the negative control were administered before all tests. The blueberry extract produced a significant decrease in constrictions induced by acetic acid and caused graded inhibition of the second phase of formalin-induced pain. Moreover, in both the hot plate and tail-flick tests, it significantly increased the threshold. These data suggest that the extract from V. ashei produced antinociceptive effects, as demonstrated in the experimental models of nociception in mice. Additional experiments are necessary in order to clarify the true target for the antinociceptive effects of rabbiteye blueberry extract.
Elizabeth Palavecino,Kacy Ramirez,Shermalyn R. Greene,Abdullah Kilic 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.3
Dear Editor, Infections due to carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria are a major health problem worldwide. Carbapenem resistance in gram-negative bacteria can result from a diversity of mechanisms: carbapenemase production, porin mutations, increased efflux pump activity, or the presence of enzymes other than carbapenemases. Most carbapenem-resistant isolates produce carbapenemase enzymes, which are found on plasmids that can be easily shared with other gram-negative bacteria [1]. The most common carbapenemase types in gram-negative bacteria are Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM), oxacillinase-48-type carbapenemases (OXA-48), and imipenemase (IMP). A blaKPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolate was first recovered from a patient in North Carolina (NC), USA, in 1996 [2]. Since then, many reports of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in hospitalized patients, particularly in the northeastern USA have been published. Carbapenem resistance is also an emerging problem among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in many countries worldwide [3].
Effect of Feed Additives in Growing Lambs Fed Diets Containing Wet Brewers Grains
Aguilera-Soto, J.I.,Ramirez, R.G.,Arechiga, C.F.,Mendez-Llorente, F.,Lopez-Carlos, M.A.,Silva-Ramos, J.M.,Rincon-Delgado, R.M.,Duran-Roldan, F.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.10
The study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of feed additives on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and performance of lambs fed diets containing 60% wet brewers grains (WBG). In Experiment 1, two simultaneous trials were conducted. Fifty intact ($20.2{\pm}0.8kg\;BW$) lambs were used in a feedlot trial and 10 (rumen cannulated; $32{\pm}1kg\;BW$) in a digestion trial. The pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia-N in lambs were also estimated. Lambs were randomly assigned to one of five diets: i) without additives (Con), ii) with 1% bicarbonate (Bic), iii) with 1% bentonite (Ben), iv) with 33 mg/kg monensin (Mon) and v) with 200 mg/kg fibrolityc enzymes (Enz). In Experiment 2, 120 RambouilletPelibuey intact male lambs ($19.5{\pm}1.5kg\;BW$) were used in a feedlot trial and randomly assigned to four diets: i) without additives (control), ii) with 1% Bic, iii) with 33 mg/kg Mon and iv) with 1% Bic and 33 mg/kg Mon. In Experiment 1, lambs fed diets containing Bic or Mon had significantly higher final weight, DMI, ADG than other lambs. However, apparent DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF digestibilities and ruminal individual VFA content were similar (p>0.05) among treatments. Conversely, treatmentcollection period interaction was significant for ruminal pH and NH3. In Experiment 2, lambs fed diets containing a Bic and Mon combination had significantly higher final weight, DMI and ADG. It is concluded lambs fed Bic or Mon or Bic and Mon combination had better performance characteristics than lambs on Ben or Enz.
One-dimensional ordered growth of magneto-crystalline and biocompatible cobalt ferrite nano-needles
Ravichandran, M.,Oza, G.,Velumani, S.,Ramirez, J.T.,Garcia-Sierra, F.,Andrade, N.B.,Garza-Navarro, M.A.,Garcia-Gutierrez, D.I.,Asomoza, R. North-Holland 2014 Materials letters Vol.135 No.-
<P>In this letter, we have reported a novel synthesis of CoFe2O4 nano-needles by a co-precipitation method using precursors of ferric chloride and cobalt nitrate at 80 degrees C. The structural and magnetic properties of as-grown needle-like CoFe2O4 nanostructures exhibit cubic spinel structure. CoFe2O4 nano-needles have an average diameter of 15 nm with an aspect ratio of 30:50, which was depicted by High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) confirmed the property of superparamagnetism. The magnetic measurement illustrated that the coercivity (Hc) of CoFe2O4 nano-needles increased from -145.84 Oe at 5 K to -25.38 Oe at 312 K. The cell viability studies of CoFe2O4 nano-needles were performed in the concentration range of 5-1000 mu g/ml on L6 (Skeletal muscle cell lines) and Hep-2 (Larynx carcinoma) cells using 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. There was more than 50% cell viability for both the cell lines, but Hep-2 cells were more prone to killing as compared to L6 cells. Such biocompatible nanostructures can be used as drug-delivery systems for cancer therapeutics. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>