Correlation between the Korean pork grade system and the amount of pork primal cut estimated with AutoFom III

( Yunhwan Park ),( Eunyoung Ko ),( Kwangwook Park ),( Changhyun Woo ),( Jaeyoung Kim ),( Sanghun Lee ),( Sanghun Park ),( Yun-a Kim ),( Gyutae Park ),( Jungseok Choi ) 한국축산학회 2022 한국축산학회지 Vol.64 No.1

It is impossible to know the amount of pork primal cut by pig carcass grade which is determined only by carcass weight and backfat thickness in the Korean Pig Carcass System. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the pig carcass grade and the amount of pork primal cut estimated with AutoFom III. A total of 419,321 Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc (LYD) pigs were graded with the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. Amounts of belly, neck, loin, tenderloin, spare ribs, shoulder, and ham were estimated with AutoFom III. Regression equations for seven primal cuts according to each grade were derived. There were significant differences among the three carcass grades due to heteroscedasticity variance (p < 0.0001). Three regression equations were derived from AutoFom III estimation of primal cuts according to carcass grades. The coefficient of determination of the regression equation was 0.941 for grade 1⁺, 0.982 for grade 1, and 0.993 for grade 2. Regression equations obtained from this study are suitable for AutoFom III software, a useful tool for the analysis of each pig carcass grade in the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. The high reliability of predicting the amount of primal cut with AutoFom III is advantageous for the management of slaughterhouses to optimize their product sorting in Korea.

Blood lead exposure in COPD

( Joo Hun Park ),( Eunyoung Lee ),( Bumhee Park ),( Yun-jung Jung ),( Woo Young Chung ),( Ji Eun Park ),( Keu Sung Lee ),( Seung Soo Sheen ),( Sung Chul Hwang ),( Kwang Joo Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: The association between blood lead levels and increased mortality was reported on a worldwide level. However, no study has been undertaken concerning the blood lead levels based on COPD and risk factors of COPD. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the blood lead levels according to COPD and clinical variables associated with COPD. Methods: Data (total number = 36,813) were obtained from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2013. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine variables associated with elevated blood lead levels. Results: Blood lead levels were higher among older subjects, men, smokers, COPD, lower education group, and lower income groups (p<0.05). The blood lead levels in COPD group were higher than in the non-COPD group regardless of smoking status (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that older age, male sex, smoking, and education level were independently associated with higher blood lead levels, whereas COPD was not (p<0.05). Conclusion : This study demonstrated that smoking status and education level along with old age and male sex were independently associated with higher blood lead levels, however COPD was not, suggesting that the management of co-existing factors for COPD, such as smoking and socioeconomic factors is important.

최선의 개별화교육 실현을 위한 양방향 접근법을 적용한 특수학교 학교 교육과정 편성·운영 방안 탐구

강은영(Kang Eunyoung),박경옥(Park Kyoung-ock),박남수(Park Nam-su),박은희(Park Eun-hee),황정현(Hwang Jung-hyun),주교영(Joo Kyo-young),박지민(Park Ji-min),최연호(Choi Yeon-ho) 한국특수교육교과교육학회 2021 특수교육교과교육연구 Vol.14 No.4

본 연구는 특수학교에서 최선의 개별화교육 실현을 이루기 위한 학교 교육과정 편성·운영 절차를 도출하고 이를 교과별 연간 교육과정 수립으로 이어지도록 하는 방안을 탐색하는 데에 목적이 있다. 특수학교에서 학교 교육과정을 편성·운영하는 것은 단위 학교 차원에서 과정이나 학년으로 묶인 집단적 맥락이고, 개별화교육계획(IEP)은 개별 학생의 차원이다. 이렇게 학교 교육과정과 개별화교육이 지닌 고유 성격이 다름에도 불구하고 특수교육에서 교육과정과 개별화교육계획(IEP)을 논할 때, 같은 위계에서의 병렬적 구조로 언급할 때가 많아 개념적 갭(conceptual gap)이 존재하면서 혼란을 야기하고 있다. 이를 위해 학교 교육과정 편성·운영 과정에서 나타나는 일반교육과 특수학교에서의 학교 교육과정 편성·운영은 어떤 차원의 공통점과 차별점이 있는지를 밝혀내고, 양방향 접근법(two-way approach)적 학교 교육과정 편성·운영 과정을 개발하였다. 본 연구결과로, 양방향 접근법을 통한 특수학교 학교 교육과정에 대한 개념적 이해에 대해 제시하고, 특수학교에서 학교 교육과정 편성·운영 절차를 제시하였다. 이를 바탕으로 학교 교육과정 내 교과별 연간 교육과정 수립을 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 특수학교에서 학교 교육과정을 편성·운영할 때 반드시 고려해야 할 점들을 강조하고, 이를 바탕으로 개별 학생들의 개별적 특성을 반영하는 교육이 어떻게 학교 교육과정 안에서 실현되어갈 수 있는지의 방안을 제안하였다. 이러한 탐색 과정을 통해 향후 특수학교의 존재 목적에 따라 개별 특수교육대상학생들이 지닌 각각의 교육적 요구를 충족하면서 동시에 학교 교육의 가치를 최대한으로 실현할 수 있는 구체적인 방안이 후속 연구들로 이어질 것으로 기대하였다. The purpose of this study is to derive procedures for organizing and operating the school curriculum to achieve the best individualized education in special schools, and to explore ways to lead to the establishment of an annual curriculum for each subject. Organizing and operating the school curriculum in special schools is a collective context tied to courses or grades at the unit school level, and the Individualized Education Plan(IEP) is at the level of individual students. Despite these differences in the unique characteristics of the school curriculum and individualized education, when discussing the curriculum and individualized education plan(IEP) in special education, they are often referred to as a parallel structure in the same hierarchy, creating a conceptual gap and confusion. has caused To this end, we discovered the commonalities and differences in general education from the school curriculum organization and operation process, and developed a school curriculum organization and operation process that applied a two-way approach. As a result of the study, a conceptual understanding of the school curriculum for special schools through a two-way approach is presented, and the school curriculum organization and operation procedures in special schools are presented. Based on this, a plan for establishing an annual curriculum for each subject in the school curriculum was proposed. Through this study, the points that must be taken into account when organizing and operating the school curriculum in special schools were emphasized, and based on this, a plan was proposed for how the individualized education of individual students can be realized within the school curriculum. Through this search process, it was expected that, according to the purpose of the existence of special schools in the future, it was expected that a detailed plan to realize the value of school education to the maximum while meeting the educational needs of individual special education students would lead to follow-up studies.

The Relationship between Epidemiologic Factors and Usage Pattern of Hair Care Products in Korea

( Kyung-duck Park ),( Byung Cheol Park ),( Ki Hyun Sung ),( Eunyoung Lee ),( Taewon Lee ),( Daeki Yoon ),( Kyu Bong Kim ),( Gyeong Hun Park ),( Il Yong Park ),( Myung Hwa Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.3

Background: For hair care products that are used almost everyday, it is important to estimate the cumulative dosage of long-term exposure and to assess the effects on the human body. Little data are available to evaluate actual daily usage in Asian populations. Objective: Reliable exposure data for hair care products is essential to conduct safety assessments. Methods: We evaluated the actual usage pattern and amounts by checking the daily log over a 2-week period, to obtain all the data regarding the participants’ hair care preferences. And, statistical analyses were conducted to analyze the daily use amount (g/d) and daily usage per hair length (g/cm/d), and other variables by sex, age group, and hair oiliness. Results: Throughout this study, we found that female users consumed significantly larger daily amounts of shampoo and rinse. Male groups used more hair gel and spray than female groups. Interestingly, all the hair care products studied scored higher levels of usage among men when calibrated per unit length. Koreans tend to use lesser amount of rinse although their hairs are usually thicker than the Western hairs. Conclusion: This study provides exposure information for commonly used hair care products, which will be useful for risk assessment purposes. (Ann Dermatol 31(3) 307∼314, 2019)

<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-Diacetyl-<i>p</i>-phenylenediamine restores microglial phagocytosis and improves cognitive defects in Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mice

Park, Min Hee,Lee, Misun,Nam, Geewoo,Kim, Mingeun,Kang, Juhye,Choi, Byung Jo,Jeong, Min Seock,Park, Kang Ho,Han, Wan Hui,Tak, Eunyoung,Kim, Min Sun,Lee, Juri,Lin, Yuxi,Lee, Young-Ho,Song, Im-Sook,Choi National Academy of Sciences 2019 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.116 No.47

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Microglial dysfunction accompanying the loss of phagocytic ability and the overexpression of neurotoxic factors presents a positive-feedback loop that contributes to the rapid progression of neurodegeneration. Termination of this cycle is considered a promising strategy to halt the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease; however, effective chemical reagents for this purpose have been very limited. Herein, we report a compact synthetic molecule capable of restoring microglial dysfunction and improving cognitive function. Our in-depth studies of such a molecular entity could be beneficial toward the urgent global search for a new and effective treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.</P><P>As a central feature of neuroinflammation, microglial dysfunction has been increasingly considered a causative factor of neurodegeneration implicating an intertwined pathology with amyloidogenic proteins. Herein, we report the smallest synthetic molecule (<I>N</I>,<I>N</I>′-diacetyl-<I>p</I>-phenylenediamine [DAPPD]), simply composed of a benzene ring with 2 acetamide groups at the <I>para</I> position, known to date as a chemical reagent that is able to promote the phagocytic aptitude of microglia and subsequently ameliorate cognitive defects. Based on our mechanistic investigations in vitro and in vivo, 1) the capability of DAPPD to restore microglial phagocytosis is responsible for diminishing the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) species and significantly improving cognitive function in the brains of 2 types of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) transgenic mice, and 2) the rectification of microglial function by DAPPD is a result of its ability to suppress the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins through its impact on the NF-κB pathway. Overall, our in vitro and in vivo investigations on efficacies and molecular-level mechanisms demonstrate the ability of DAPPD to regulate microglial function, suppress neuroinflammation, foster cerebral Aβ clearance, and attenuate cognitive deficits in AD transgenic mouse models. Discovery of such antineuroinflammatory compounds signifies the potential in discovering effective therapeutic molecules against AD-associated neurodegeneration.</P>

Penalized variable selection for accelerated failure time models

Park, Eunyoung,Ha, Il Do The Korean Statistical Society 2018 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.25 No.6

The accelerated failure time (AFT) model is a linear model under the log-transformation of survival time that has been introduced as a useful alternative to the proportional hazards (PH) model. In this paper we propose variable-selection procedures of fixed effects in a parametric AFT model using penalized likelihood approaches. We use three popular penalty functions, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), adaptive LASSO and smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD). With these procedures we can select important variables and estimate the fixed effects at the same time. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using simulation studies, including the investigation of impact of misspecifying the assumed distribution. The proposed method is illustrated with a primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) data set.

Dafangguang fohuayan jing tanxuan jueze ji vol. 1, 2

PARK Eunyoung 동국대학교 불교학술원 2020 East Asian Buddhist Literature Vol.1 No.-

Public Participation in the Process of Local Public Health Policy, Using Policy Network Analysis

Park, Yukyung,Kim, Chang-Yup,You, Myoung Soon,Lee, Kun Sei,Park, Eunyoung The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2014 예방의학회지 Vol.47 No.6

Objectives: To assess the current public participation in-local health policy and its implications through the analysis of policy networks in health center programs. Methods: We examined the decision-making process in sub-health center installations and the implementation process in metabolic syndrome management program cases in two districts ('gu's) of Seoul. Participants of the policy network were selected by the snowballing method and completed self-administered questionnaires. Actors, the interactions among actors, and the characteristics of the network were analyzed by Netminer. Results: The results showed that the public is not yet actively participating in the local public health policy processes of decision-making and implementation. In the decision-making process, most of the network actors were in the public sector, while the private sector was a minor actor and participated in only a limited number of issues after the major decisions were made. In the implementation process, the program was led by the health center, while other actors participated passively. Conclusions: Public participation in Korean public health policy is not yet well activated. Preliminary discussions with various stakeholders, including civil society, are needed before making important local public health policy decisions. In addition, efforts to include local institutions and residents in the implementation process with the public officials are necessary to improve the situation.

The Association Between Blood Lead Levels and Coronary Artery Calcium Score Determined by Using Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography

Park Eunyoung,Kim Suwhan,Cho Seunghyeon,Kim Hyeonjun,Jung Inho,Moon Jai-Dong,Park Won-Ju 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.26

Background: Lead exposure is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a biomarker for diagnosing atherosclerotic CVD. This study investigated the association between blood lead level (BLL) and CAC using coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography. Methods: This study enrolled 2,189 participants from the general population with no history or symptoms of CVD. All participants underwent coronary CT angiography, health examination, and BLL testing. The association between coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and BLL was analyzed. Results: The arithmetic mean of BLL was 2.71 ± 1.26 μg/dL, and the geometric mean was 2.42 (1.64) μg/dL, ranging from 0.12 to 10.14 μg/dL. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between CACS and BLL (r = 0.073, P < 0.001). Mean BLLs among predefined CACS categories were as follows: absent grade (CACS = 0), 2.67 ± 1.23 μg/dL; minimal grade (> 0, < 10), 2.81 ± 1.25 μg/dL; mild grade (≥ 10, < 100), 2.74 ± 1.29 μg/dL; moderate grade (≥ 100, < 400), 2.88 ± 1.38 μg/dL; severe grade (≥ 400): 3.22 ± 1.68 μg/dL. The odds ratio for severe CAC was 1.242 in association with an 1 μg/dL increase in BLL (P = 0.042). Conclusion: Using coronary CT angiography, we determined a positive correlation between BLL and CAC among participants without CVD from the general population. To reduce the burden of CVD, efforts and policies should be geared toward minimizing environmental lead exposure.

Changes in Anxiety Level and Personal Protective Equipment Use Among Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19

Park Do Hyeon,Lee Eunyoung,Jung Jongtak,Kang Chang Kyung,Song Kyoung-Ho,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Park Wan Beom,Bang Ji Hwan,Kim Eu Suk,Kim Hong Bin,Park Sang-Won,Kim Nam Joong,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.16

Background: The relationship between changes in anxiety levels and personal protective equipment (PPE) use is yet to be evaluated. The present study assessed this relationship among healthcare workers (HCWs) involved in the care of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: An online survey was conducted in a municipal hospital with 195 nationally designated negative pressure isolation units in Korea. Anxiety level was measured using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and changes in anxiety levels were assessed based on the time when COVID-19 vaccine was introduced in March 2021 in Korea. Monthly PPE usage between June 2020 and May 2021 was investigated. Results: The mean SAS score (33.25 ± 5.97) was within normal range and was lower than those reported in previous studies conducted before COVID-19 vaccination became available. Among the 93 HCWs who participated, 64 (68.8%) answered that their fear of contracting COVID-19 decreased after vaccination. The number of coveralls used per patient decreased from 33.6 to 0. However, a demand for more PPE than necessary was observed in situations where HCWs were exposed to body fluids and secretions (n = 38, 40.9%). Excessive demand for PPE was not related to age, working experience, or SAS score. Conclusion: Anxiety in HCWs exposed to COVID-19 was lower than it was during the early period of the pandemic, and the period before vaccination was introduced. The number of coveralls used per patient also decreased although an excessive demand for PPE was observed.