Which Group Should be Vaccinated First?: A Systematic Review

Eun Bi Noh,Hae-Kweun Nam,Hocheol Lee 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.2

Background: Since the supply of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines will be limited worldwide, it is essential to prioritize vaccination based on scientific evidence. Although several frameworks and studies on vaccine distribution have been published, no published systematic review has evaluated the prioritization of the COVID-19 vaccine. Materials and Methods: We searched 4 different databases, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE for articles published between January 2019 and December 31, 2020. Studies were included if they contained the primary search terms “vaccine”, “COVID-19”, and “prioritization”. In addition, we manually included reports from national and international websites. Results: Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. In these studies, older adults were the most frequently mentioned group, and healthcare workers (HCWs) were mentioned as the 1st priority group. HCWs and patients with comorbidities were the 2nd and 3rd most frequently mentioned groups in the reviewed papers. Reducing severe COVID-19 was the most frequently mentioned goal. Conclusion: Since vaccination programs have been initiated in several countries, scientific evidence on vaccination prioritization is needed to increase our knowledge of general vaccine prioritization and improve vaccine acceptance. Our results showed that HCWs and older adults were the most frequently valued in studies.

좌골신경손상 기간에 따른 근섬유별 위축 및 관련 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향

노은비(Noh, Eun-Bi),김성남(Kim, Sung-Nam),김동호(Kim, Dong-Ho),김재철(Kim, Jae-Cheol) 한국체육과학회 2018 한국체육과학회지 Vol.27 No.4

In order to analyze how the protein synthesis and degradation gene expression changes by muscle fiber type depending on the degree of atrophy after sciatic nerve injury, this study was conducted to analyze the difference of atrophy-related genes according to the recovery period after damaging the left sciatic nerve of the white rats. For this purpose, 16 Spargue-Dawley male rats were randomly divided in sham, 5days, and 10day groups and the expression of MyoD, Myogenin, MuRF1 and MAFbx was analyzed in gastrocnemius, extensor digitorum longus, soleus. The Sciatic nerve injury group decreased in weight as time elapsed, but sham group decreased and recovered. Dietary intake decreased in both groups and then increased again and given that there is no difference in dietary intake among groups, dietary intake is thought to have no effect on body weight and skeletal muscle weight. The skeletal muscle weights were significantly different between the three groups due to the difference in injury duration in all three muscles, Type I soleus is considered to be significantly contracted than Type II extensor digitorum longus muscle due to Sciatic nerve injury. The expression of MyoD, Myogenin, MuRF1, and MAFbx in gastrocnemius, extensor digitorum longus muscle, soleus contracted with scatic nerve injury was increased compared to the sham group. In addition, the expression of MyoD was found to be higher in extensor digitorum longus muscle composed of Type II fibers, and that of Myogenin was higher in soleus composed of Type I fibers. The expression of MuRF1 was mainly high in extensor digitorum longus muscle, and that of MAFbx was mainly high in gastrocnemius and soleus.

Effects of ursolic acid on muscle mass and bone microstructure in rats with casting-induced muscle atrophy

Yun Seok Kang,Eun Bi Noh,Sang Hyun Kim 한국운동영양학회 2019 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.23 No.3

[Purpose] Recent studies suggest that ursolic acid (UA) is a potential candidate for a resistance exercise mimetic that can increase muscle mass and alleviate the deleterious effect of skeletal muscle atrophy on bone health. However, these studies evaluated the effects of UA on skeletal muscle and bone tissues, and they have not verified whether such effect could occur concurrently on muscle and bone, as is the case with resistance exercise. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of UA injection on muscle mass and bone microstructure using an animal model of atrophy to demonstrate the potential of UA as a resistance exercise mimetic. [Methods] The immobilization (IM) method was used on the left hindlimb of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for 10 days to induce muscle atrophy, whereas the right hindlimb was used as an internal control (IC). The animal models were divided into two groups, SED (sedentary, n=6) and UA (n=6) to demonstrate the effect of UA on atrophic skeletal muscles. The UA group received a daily intraperitoneal injection of UA (5 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. After 10 days of IM, the data collected for the IC were compared with that of IM to determine whether muscle atrophy might occur. [Results] Muscle atrophy was induced and bone mineral density (BMD) decreased significantly. The 8-week UA treatment significantly increased the gastrocnemius muscle mass compared to the SED group. In regard to the effect of UA on bones, negative results such as a decrease in BMD, trabecular bone volume fraction, and trabecular number, and an increase in trabecular separation, were observed in the SED group, but no such difference was observed in the UA group. No significant difference was observed in atrophic hindlimbs between SED and UA groups. [Conclusion] These results alone are insufficient to suggest that UA is a potential resistance exercise mimetic for atrophic skeletal muscle and weakened bone. However, this study will help determine the potential of UA as a resistance exercise mimetic.

치위생(학)과 학생들의 인권 실태 지표 개발 : 치과의료기관 임상실습을 중심으로

원윤아 ( Yoon-ah Won ),노희진 ( Hie-jin Noh ),문소정 ( So-jung Mun ),정원균 ( Won-gyun Chung ),박보영 ( Bo-young Park ),심은비 ( Eun-bi Sim ),최은미 ( Eun-mi Choi ) 한국치위생학회(구 한국치위생교육학회) 2021 한국치위생학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Objectives: This study aimed to develop human rights indicators through reliability and validity tests in order to measure the human rights situation of dental hygiene students who experience clinical practice at dental clincs. Methods: The basic framework of questions was constructed through literature review. Nine experts were tested for validity of the contents of the experts twice. The main survey was conducted on 121 students in the 3rd and 4th grade who were enrolled in the department of dental hygiene located in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Gangwon-do. Validity was tested through exploratory factor analysis, and reliability was tested through internal reliability coefficient and test-retest method. Results: The cronbach’s α value was 0.734, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.584. The result of the reliability and validity test was composed of 11 questions and 3 factors. Conclusions: During the practice of a dental institution, the validity and reliability of the indicators that can grasp the human rights status of dental hygiene students were tested. It is expected that the indicators of this study will be provided an opportunity to understand the human rights situation of dental hygiene students and to improve problems such as human rights violations.

Can Exercise Mimetics Substitute to Exercise Capacity for elderly people?

( Jae Cheol Kim ),( Yun Seok Kang ),( Eun Bi Noh ),( Sang Hyun Kim ) 대한운동사협회 2018 대한운동사협회 운동사대회자료집 Vol.2018 No.-

Effect of genetic background differences between FVB and C57BL/6 mice in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Ah-Reum Kang,Hyun Ah Noh,Jae Hyung Son,Sun-Min Seo,Ji-Hun Lee,Na-Won Kim,Eun-Seon Yoo,Han-Bi Jeong,Da In On,Ji Yun Jang,Jun-Won Yun,Jun Won Park,Kang-Seuk Choi,Ho-Young Lee,Jun-Young Seo,Ki Taek Nam,J 한국실험동물학회 2022 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

Concurrent treatment with ursolic acid and low-intensity treadmill exercise improves muscle atrophy and related outcomes in rats

Jae Cheol Kim,Yun Seok Kang,Eun Bi Noh,Baek Woon Seo,Dae Yun Seo,Gi Duck Park,Sang Hyun Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.4

The objective of this study was to analyze the concurrent treatment effects of ursolic acid (UA) and low-intensity treadmill exercise and to confirm the effectiveness of UA as an exercise mimetic to safely improve muscle atrophy–related diseases using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with skeletal muscle atrophy. Significant muscle atrophy was induced in male SD rats through hind limb immobilization using casting for 10 days. The muscle atrophy–induced SD rats were group into four: SED, sedentary; UA, daily intraperitoneal UA injection, 5 mg/kg; EX, low-intensity (10-12 m/min, 0° grade) treadmill exercise; and UEX, daily intraperitoneal UA injection, 5 mg/kg, and low-intensity (10-12 m/min, 0° grade) treadmill exercise. After 8 weeks of treatment, endurance capacity was analyzed using a treadmill, and tissues were extracted for analysis of visceral fat mass, body weight, muscle mass, expression of muscle atrophy- and hypertrophy-related genes, and endurance capacity. Although the effects of body weight gain control, muscle mass increase, and endurance capacity improvement were inadequate in the UA group, significant results were confirmed in the UEX group. The UEX group had significantly reduced body weight and visceral fat, significantly improved mass of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles, and significantly decreased atrophy-related gene expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 , but did not have significant change in hypertrophy-related gene expression of Akt and mTOR. The endurance capacity was significantly improved in the EX and UEX groups. These data suggest that concurrent treatment with low-intensity exercise and UA is effective for atrophy-related physical dysfunctions.

Concurrent treatment with ursolic acid and low-intensity treadmill exercise improves muscle atrophy and related outcomes in rats

Kim, Jae Cheol,Kang, Yun Seok,Noh, Eun Bi,Seo, Baek Woon,Seo, Dae Yun,Park, Gi Duck,Kim, Sang Hyun The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.4

The objective of this study was to analyze the concurrent treatment effects of ursolic acid (UA) and low-intensity treadmill exercise and to confirm the effectiveness of UA as an exercise mimetic to safely improve muscle atrophy-related diseases using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with skeletal muscle atrophy. Significant muscle atrophy was induced in male SD rats through hind limb immobilization using casting for 10 days. The muscle atrophy-induced SD rats were group into four: SED, sedentary; UA, daily intraperitoneal UA injection, 5 mg/kg; EX, low-intensity (10-12 m/min, $0^{\circ}$ grade) treadmill exercise; and UEX, daily intraperitoneal UA injection, 5 mg/kg, and low-intensity (10-12 m/min, $0^{\circ}$ grade) treadmill exercise. After 8 weeks of treatment, endurance capacity was analyzed using a treadmill, and tissues were extracted for analysis of visceral fat mass, body weight, muscle mass, expression of muscle atrophy- and hypertrophy-related genes, and endurance capacity. Although the effects of body weight gain control, muscle mass increase, and endurance capacity improvement were inadequate in the UA group, significant results were confirmed in the UEX group. The UEX group had significantly reduced body weight and visceral fat, significantly improved mass of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles, and significantly decreased atrophy-related gene expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1, but did not have significant change in hypertrophy-related gene expression of Akt and mTOR. The endurance capacity was significantly improved in the EX and UEX groups. These data suggest that concurrent treatment with low-intensity exercise and UA is effective for atrophy-related physical dysfunctions.

Development of a Novel Korean H9-Specific rRT-PCR Assay and Its Application for Avian Influenza Virus Surveillance in Korea

Sagong Mingeun,Kang Yong-Myung,Kim Na Yeong,Noh Eun Bi,Heo Gyeong-Beom,An Se-Hee,Lee Youn-Jeong,Choi Young Ki,Lee Kwang-Nyeong 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.10

Since the 2000s, the Y439 lineage of H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has been the predominant strain circulating in poultry in Korea; however, in 2020, the Y280 lineage emerged and spread rapidly nationwide, causing large economic losses. To prevent further spread and circulation of such viruses, rapid detection and diagnosis through active surveillance programs are crucial. Here, we developed a novel H9 rRT-PCR assay that can detect a broad range of H9Nx viruses in situations in which multiple lineages of H9 AIVs are co-circulating. We then evaluated its efficacy using a large number of clinical samples. The assay, named the Uni Kor-H9 assay, showed high sensitivity for Y280 lineage viruses, as well as for the Y439 lineage originating in Korean poultry and wild birds. In addition, the assay showed no cross-reactivity with other subtypes of AIV or other avian pathogens. Furthermore, the Uni Kor-H9 assay was more sensitive, and had higher detection rates, than reference H9 rRT-PCR methods when tested against a panel of domestically isolated H9 AIVs. In conclusion, the novel Uni Kor-H9 assay enables more rapid and efficient diagnosis than the “traditional” method of virus isolation followed by subtyping RT-PCR. Application of the new H9 rRT-PCR assay to AI active surveillance programs will help to control and manage Korean H9 AIVs more efficiently.

Genotypic characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from edible offal

Son, Se Hyun,Seo, Kwang Won,Kim, Yeong Bin,Noh, Eun Bi,Lee, Keun-Woo,Oh, Tae-Ho,Kim, Seung-Joon,Song, Jae-Chan,Kim, Tae-Wan,Lee, Young Ju The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2020 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.60 No.3

Edible offal is easily contaminated by Escherichia coli (E. coli) and fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant E. coli is considered a serious public health problem, thus, this study investigated the genetic characteristics of FQ-resistant E. coli from edible offal. A total of 22 FQ-resistant E. coli isolates were tested. A double mutation in each gyrA and parC led the highest MIC. Four (18.2%) isolates carried plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. The fimH, eaeA, escV, astA, and iucC genes were confirmed. Seventeen isolates (77.3%) were positive for plasmid replicons. The isolates showed high genetic heterogeneity based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns.