A Phase III Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of GC1107 (Adult Tetanus Diphtheria Vaccine) in Healthy Adults

Jacob Lee,최정현,위성헌,박선희,최수미,이미숙,김태형,이효진,강진한 대한의학회 2019 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.34 No.4

Background: This study was conducted to assess the immunogenicity and safety of GC1107 (adult tetanus diphtheria [Td] vaccine). The primary goal was to evaluate the non-inferiority of the immunogenicity of GC1107 compared to the control vaccine. Additionally, the safety profiles of GC1107 and the control vaccine were compared. Methods: The subjects were adults ≥ 18 years old who were not injected with Td or adult tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (TdaP) vaccine within the recent 5 years. A total of 253 subjects were enrolled and randomized to either the GC1107 group or the control group. For immunogenicity assessment, blood samples were collected at baseline and 28 days after vaccination and antibody titer of diphtheria and tetanus were assessed. Results: The seroprotection rates of diphtheria and tetanus were 89.76% and 91.34%, respectively, in the GC1107 group, and 87.80% and 86.99% in the control group. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of the anti-diphtheria antibody increased after vaccination in both groups, showing no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.139). The anti- tetanus GMTs after vaccination also showed comparable increases in both groups, and showed no significant difference (P = 0.860). In the safety evaluation, solicited local adverse reactions occurred in 81.2% of the subjects in the GC1107 group and in 86.4% of the subjects in the control group. Solicited systemic adverse events occurred in 33.2% of the subjects in the GC1107 group and in 47.2% of the subjects in the control group, which did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: This phase III study demonstrated non-inferiority in immunogenicity and comparable safety of GC1107 compared with the control Td vaccine.

Extended analyses of the association between serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and diabetes.

Lee, Duk-Hee,Lee, In-Kyu,Steffes, Michael,Jacobs, David R American Diabetes Association 2007 Diabetes Care Vol.30 No.6

Common Presence of Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Lee, D.-H.,Liu, D. Y.,Jacobs, D. R.,Shin, H.-R.,Song, K.,Lee, I.-K.,Kim, B.,Hider, R. C. American Diabetes Association 2006 Diabetes care Vol.29 No.5

<P>OBJECTIVE: Recently, we reported increased cardiovascular disease mortality among supplemental vitamin C users with type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study. Because vitamin C may cause oxidative stress in the presence of redox active iron, we hypothesized that non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI), a form of iron susceptible to redox activity, may be present in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We measured serum NTBI levels using high-performance liquid chromatography in 48 patients with known diabetes (at least 5 years duration since diagnosis), 49 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, and 47 healthy control subjects (frequency matched on age and sex). RESULTS: NTBI was commonly present in diabetes: 59% in newly diagnosed diabetes and 92% in advanced diabetes. Mean NTBI values varied significantly between the three groups, with the highest values being observed in patients with known diabetes and the lowest in the control subjects (0.62 +/- 0.43 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.29 vs. 0.04 +/- 0.13 micromol/l Fe). Serum total iron or percent transferrin saturation were very similar among the three groups, yet NTBI was strongly associated with serum total iron (r = 0.74, P < 0.01) and percent transferrin saturation (r = 0.70, P < 0.01) among the patients with known diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with our hypothesis, these data demonstrate the common existence of NTBI in type 2 diabetic patients with a strong gradient with severity. Prospective cohort studies are required to clarify the clinical relevance of increased NTBI levels.</P>

Associations between Cigarette Smoking and Total Mortality Differ Depending on Serum Concentrations of Persistent Organic Pollutants among the Elderly

Lee, Yu-Mi,Bae, Sang-Geun,Lee, Seon-Hwa,Jacobs Jr, David R.,Lee, Duk-Hee The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2013 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.28 No.8

<P>There are substantial variations of relative risks (RR) in smoking-related mortality by country and time. We hypothesized the RRs in smoking-related mortality might differ depending on serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). We evaluated the associations of cigarette smoking with total mortality in 610 elderly (aged ≥ 70 yr) (702 elderly for organochlorine pesticides [OCPs]) after stratification by serum concentration of POPs, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 followed through 2006. Summary measures of POPs subclasses showed significant or marginally significant interaction with cigarette smoking on the risk of total mortality. <I>P</I> values for interaction were 0.069 for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 0.008 for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and 0.024 for OCPs. The effect of smoking on total mortality showed different patterns according to the serum concentration of some POPs. Former or current smokers had 1.4 to 2.9 times higher mortality rates compared with never smokers among participants with higher serum concentrations of POPs (2nd or 3rd tertiles). However, when the level of PCBs or OCPs were low (1st tertile), there were little positive associations between smoking and mortality. Our study suggests that the background exposure to several POPs may be related to variability in smoking-related total mortality.</P>

Sharpened VO₂ Phase Transition via Controlled Release of Epitaxial Strain

Lee, Daesu,Lee, Jaeseong,Song, Kyung,Xue, Fei,Choi, Si-Young,Ma, Yanjun,Podkaminer, Jacob,Liu, Dong,Liu, Shih-Chia,Chung, Bongwook,Fan, Wenjuan,Cho, Sang June,Zhou, Weidong,Lee, Jaichan,Chen, Long-Qin American Chemical Society 2017 NANO LETTERS Vol.17 No.9

<P>Phase transitions in correlated materials can be manipulated at the nanoscale to yield emergent functional properties, promising new paradigms for nanoelectronics and nanophotonics. Vanadium dioxide (VO2), an archetypal correlated material, exhibits a metal insulator transition (MIT) above room temperature. At the thicknesses required for heterostructure applications, such as an optical modulator discussed here, the strain state of VO2 largely determines the MIT dynamics critical to the device performance. We develop an approach to control the MIT dynamics in epitaxial VO2 films by employing an intermediate template layer with large lattice mismatch to relieve the interfacial lattice constraints, contrary to conventional thin film epitaxy that favors lattice match between the substrate and the growing film. A combination of phase-field simulation, in situ real-time nanoscale imaging, and electrical measurements reveals robust undisturbed MIT dynamics even at preexisting structural domain boundaries and significantly sharpened MIT in the templated VO2 films. Utilizing the sharp MIT, we demonstrate a fast, electrically switchable optical waveguide. This study offers unconventional design principles for heteroepitaxial correlated materials, as well as novel insight into their nanoscale phase transitions.</P>

Isolation of Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections and Carriers

Jacob LEE 대한외과학회 2019 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2019 No.10

HUMAN-LIKE MATERIAL PURCHASES PROVIDE AS MUCH HAPPINESS AS EXPERIENTIAL PURCHASES

Jacob Chaeho Lee 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Extant research suggests that material purchases tend to be suboptimal in providing happiness than experiential purchases. The current research offers a unique and easy-to-implement way to enhance consumer welfare from material purchases, namely “humanizing” material purchases—perceiving material purchases as if they are humans. Across five studies, we found that anthropomorphized material purchases provide greater happiness than regular (non-anthropomorphized) material purchases to the point that they can eliminate the gap in happiness between material and experiential purchases documented in prior work. To explain out effect, we focused on the notion that anthropomorphized material purchases provide consumers “sociality”—a source of happiness that was known to be unique to experiential purchases.

STIGMATIZED IN THE LUXURY MARKET: STEREOTYPE THREAT UNDERMINES LOWER-INCOME CONSUMERS’ LUXURY DECISION PERFORMANCE

Jacob Chaeho Lee 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2017 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2017 No.07

The present research investigated whether stereotypes embedded within the luxury market (Han, Nunes, & Dreze, 2010) can undermine decision performance for lower-income consumers, who encounter negative stereotypes about their ability to make good luxury product decisions. Two studies tested the effect of stereotype salience (Shapiro & Neuberg, 2007; Steele, 1997) on lower-income consumers’ performance on a luxury good decision task. In Study 1, we manipulated the decision domain (luxury versus economy purchase) and found evidence of the predicted stereotype threat effect among lower-income consumers performing a luxury (but not economy) market decision task. In Study 2, we manipulated the extent to which the luxury market stereotype would be seen as an accurate reflection of actual income-based differences in the ability to make good luxury product decisions. We found that the gap in the decision task between lower- and higher- income consumers was attenuated when the stereotype had been portrayed as inaccurate. Together, these studies suggest that marketers and policy-makers should recognize this stereotype threat in the marketplace, which undermines the quality of important purchase decisions by lower-income consumers, and should implement interventions to protect their welfare.

A Strong Secular Trend in Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase from 1996 to 2003 among South Korean Men

Lee, Duk-Hee,Ha, Myung-Hwa,Kam, Sin,Chun, Byungyeol,Lee, Jangkyu,Song, Kyungeun,Boo, Yongchool,Steffen, Lyn,Jacobs Jr., David R. Oxford University Press 2006 American Journal of Epidemiology Vol.163 No.1

<P>Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration, within its normal range, has recently been proposed as a reliable marker of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a central pathogenic role in many metabolic and/or cardiovascular diseases, incidences of which have recently increased in South Korea. Since serum GGT has strong associations with these diseases and their risk factors, the authors hypothesized a corresponding secular trend of increasing serum GGT levels in South Korea. Study subjects were 8,072 male workers at a large steel company who were aged 24–44 years at baseline and had received annual physical examinations from 1996 to 2003. The secular trend was a 0.1066-units/liter increase in ln(GGT) level per calendar year (a 180% increase during the 7-year follow-up period) (<I>p</I> < 0.01). Adjustment for body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, and cholesterol level as time-dependent covariates did not change the results. Although cholesterol is commonly used as a marker of epidemiologic transition, there was a less dramatic secular trend in ln(serum cholesterol) level, and it disappeared after adjustment for the secular trend in serum GGT. These findings suggest that serum GGT concentration can be used as a sensitive marker of epidemiologic transition, and they portend a continuing rise in incidences of metabolic and/or cardiovascular diseases in this population in the coming years.</P>

THE CONSISTENCY OF CEO’S FASHION STYLE AND PERCEIVED TRUST

Jacob Chaeho Lee,MinChung Kim 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2017 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2017 No.07

The present research examines how a CEO exposed to the public through social media (e.g., Facebook) influences the trustworthiness of the CEO and his/her firm. In particular, we focus on and measure the consistency of a CEO’s fashion style across different occasions, and test the impact of the ‘fashion’ consistency on respondents’ perception on the CEO’s trustworthiness. Based on the previous literature on impression management, we define the consistency of a CEO’s fashion style as how similar (rather than different) the style of his/her clothes across multiple media exposures. We then manipulate the similarity of a CEO’s fashion style, which is the focal independent variable, and measure the subjects’ trust toward the CEO, which is the focal dependent variable. Study 1 is a scenario-based study in which participants read the description of either a fashion-consistent or -inconsistent CEO, and indicated the CEO’s perceived trustworthiness. We find that perceived trust is higher for the fashion-consistent CEO. Study 2 is an experiment in which participants read four news articles of a CEO featured on a social media (i.e., Facebook). Unbeknown to participants, fashion consistency was manipulated such that half of participants saw the news on a fashion-consistent CEO whereas the other half saw the news on a fashion-inconsistent CEO. Interestingly, the interaction between CEO gender and fashion consistency becomes significant, suggesting that for a male CEO, fashion consistency increased trust whereas for a female CEO, fashion inconsistency increased trust. The present research complements to the literature on the roles of fashion of employees including top managers on impression management. We also discuss other interesting and important implications of the results on the mechanism of the ‘fashion consistency’ effects.