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Ternary Full Adder Using Multi-Threshold Voltage Graphene Barristors
Heo, Sunwoo,Kim, Sunmean,Kim, Kiyung,Lee, Hyeji,Kim, So-Young,Kim, Yun Ji,Kim, Seung Mo,Lee, Ho-In,Lee, Segi,Kim, Kyung Rok,Kang, Seokhyeong,Lee, Byoung Hun IEEE 2018 IEEE electron device letters Vol.39 No.12
<P>Ternary logic circuit has been studied for several decades because it can provide simpler circuits and subsequently lower power consumption via succinct interconnects. We demonstrated a ternary full adder exhibiting a low power-delay-product of ~10<SUP>−16</SUP> J, which is comparable to the binary equivalent circuit. The ternary full adder was modeled using device parameters extracted from the experimentally demonstrated multi-V<SUB>th</SUB> ternary graphene barristors.</P>
Bright visible light emission from graphene
Kim, Young Duck,Kim, Hakseong,Cho, Yujin,Ryoo, Ji Hoon,Park, Cheol-Hwan,Kim, Pilkwang,Kim, Yong Seung,Lee, Sunwoo,Li, Yilei,Park, Seung-Nam,Shim Yoo, Yong,Yoon, Duhee,Dorgan, Vincent E.,Pop, Eric,Hein Nature Publishing Group 2015 Nature nanotechnology Vol.10 No.8
Graphene and related two-dimensional materials are promising candidates for atomically thin, flexible and transparent optoelectronics. In particular, the strong light–matter interaction in graphene has allowed for the development of state-of-the-art photodetectors, optical modulators and plasmonic devices. In addition, electrically biased graphene on SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrates can be used as a low-efficiency emitter in the mid-infrared range. However, emission in the visible range has remained elusive. Here, we report the observation of bright visible light emission from electrically biased suspended graphene devices. In these devices, heat transport is greatly reduced. Hot electrons (∼2,800 K) therefore become spatially localized at the centre of the graphene layer, resulting in a 1,000-fold enhancement in thermal radiation efficiency. Moreover, strong optical interference between the suspended graphene and substrate can be used to tune the emission spectrum. We also demonstrate the scalability of this technique by realizing arrays of chemical-vapour-deposited graphene light emitters. These results pave the way towards the realization of commercially viable large-scale, atomically thin, flexible and transparent light emitters and displays with low operation voltage and graphene-based on-chip ultrafast optical communications.
Kim, Go-Eun,Kang, Hee-Kyoung,Seo, Eun-Seong,Jung, Sun-Hwa,Park, Jun-Seong,Kim, Duck-Hee,Kim, Do-Won,Ahn, Sul-Ah,Sunwoo, Changshin,Kim, Doman Elsevier 2012 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.50 No.1
<P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P><P></P><ce:figure id='fig0020'></ce:figure> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Astragalin (kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranoside, Ast) glucosides were synthesized by the acceptor reaction of a dextransucrase produced by <I>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</I> B-512FMCM with astragalin and sucrose. Each glucoside was purified and their structures were assigned as kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranoside (or kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-nigeroside, Ast-G1′) and kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranoside (or kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-isomaltoside, Ast-G1) for one glucose transferred, and kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-isomaltooligosacharide (Ast-IMO or Ast-Gn; <I>n</I>=2–8). The astragalin glucosides exhibited 8.3–60.6% higher inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, 18.8–20.3% increased antioxidant effects, and 3.8–18.8% increased inhibition activity of melanin synthesis compared to control (without the addition of compound), depending on the number of glucosyl residues linked to astragalin. These novel compounds could be used to further expand the industrial applications of astragalin glucosides, in particular in the cosmetics industry.</P>
Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Cytokines in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Kim, Ryul,Jun, Jin‐,Sun,Kim, Han‐,Joon,Jung, Ki‐,Young,Shin, Yong‐,Won,Yang, Tae‐,Won,Kim, Keun Tae,Kim, Tae‐,Joon,Byun, Jung‐,Ick,Sunwoo, Jun‐,Sang,Jeo John WileySons, Inc. 2019 Movement disorders Vol.34 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Although previous research provides insight into the role of neuroinflammation in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder, the association of this disorder with peripheral blood inflammatory markers remains unclear.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To investigate inflammatory cytokines in plasma samples in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and to explore whether these markers are associated with prodromal symptoms of α‐synucleinopathies.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We collected plasma from patients with polysomnographically confirmed idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder without parkinsonism or dementia (n = 54) and from healthy controls (n = 56). The following cytokines were measured: interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐2, interleukin‐6, interleukin‐10, and tumor necrosis factor‐α. The idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder patients underwent sleep, motor, cognitive, olfactory, and autonomic testing.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The anti‐inflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐10, levels in the idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder group were significantly upregulated compared to the control group (<I>P</I> = 0.022), but this difference did not withstand Bonferroni correction. The other proinflammatory cytokine levels did not differ between the groups. No correlation was found between the cytokine levels and any clinical variable.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our data do not provide evidence supporting the role of peripheral inflammation in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. However, considering the limited statistical power because of the small sample size, further large‐scale longitudinal studies with a broader spectrum of cytokines are needed to clarify this issue. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society</P>