Characteristics of isolated lactic acid bacteria and their effects on the silage quality

Siran Wang,Xianjun Yuan,Zhihao Dong,Junfeng Li,Gang Guo,Yunfeng Bai,Junyu Zhang,Tao Shao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6

Objective: Four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from common vetch, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass on the Tibetan Plateau were characterized, and their effects on the fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage were studied. Methods: The four isolated strains and one commercial inoculant (G, Lactobacillus plantarum MTD-1) were evaluated using the acid production ability test, morphological observation, Gram staining, physiological, biochemical and acid tolerance tests. The five LAB strains were added to Italian ryegrass for ensiling at three different temperatures (10°C, 15°C, and 25°C). Results: All isolated strains (LCG3, LTG7, I5, and LI3) could grow at 5°C to 20°C, pH 3.0 to 8.0 and NaCl (3.0%, 6.5%). Strains LCG3, LTG7, I5, and LI3 were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus paraplantarum, and Lactobacillus casei by sequencing 16S rDNA, respectively. All LAB inoculants significantly (p<0.05) increased lactic acid (LA) contents and ratios of lactic acid to acetic acid, and reduced pH and ammonia nitrogen/ total nitrogen (AN/TN) compared with uninoculated silages at various temperatures (10°C, 15°C, and 25°C). Compared to the commercial inoculant G, I5, and LI3 showed similar effects on improving the silage quality of Italian ryegrass at 10°C and 15°C, indicated by similar pH, LA content and AN/TN. Conclusion: All inoculants could improve the silage fermentation quality at various temperatures (10°C, 15°C, and 25°C). At the temperature of 10°C and 15°C, strain I5 and LI3 had similar effects with the commercial inoculant G on improving the silage quality of Italian ryegrass.

Phase Resistance with Displacement Feedback Control for Thick SMA Actuators

Junfeng Li,Hiroyuki Harada 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

The purpose of this study is to design and control a thick shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator to achieve rapid position control withtwo connected SMA wires. In the past, research has focused on position and force control of thin SMA wires, because they cool rapidlyin air and as it is easy to get rapid response for SMA actuators in this manner. However, the cooling time is longer with thick SMAwires, making it difficult to obtain rapid position responses with traditional displacement feedback control methods. Phase resistanceand displacement feedback control (PRDFC), combing phase resistance and displacement as feedback, minimizes cooling time byshortening the latency duration of thick SMA wires, and experimental results here show that more rapid responses are achieved usingthe method proposed here than when only displacement is used as feedback.

Fuzzy Time Delay Algorithms for Position Control of Soft Robot Actuated by Shape Memory Alloy

Junfeng Li,Yunyao Pi 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.6

Due to the nonlinear saturated hysteretic behavior of SMA during the phase transformation, it is not easy to achieve accurate position tracking control by establishing an effective controller for the SMA actuator system. In this paper, an accurate position control method based on fuzzy time delay algorithms for a soft robot is proposed. The error of TDE is unavoidable because the smallest value for the time delay is the sampling time of the microcontroller, a rule-based fuzzy logic controller for online gain tuning combined with TDC is proposed to eliminate the position control errors. Three different sets of experiments are conducted, using step, sine and ramp signals as reference inputs. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has the smallest steady state error and the least overshoot than TDE and PI controller. In conclusion, the proposed method should be a viable alternative for position control of SMA actuator.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Bis-3,3'-(nitro-NNO-azoxy)-4,4'-azofurazan

Hui Li,Bozhou Wang,Xiang Zhi Li,Junfeng Tong,Wei Peng Lai,Xue Zhong Fan 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.2

Setosphapyrone C and D accelerate macrophages cholesterol effl ux by promoting LXRa/ABCA1 pathway

Ting Li,Jiayu Yin,Yubin Ji,Ping Lin,Yanjie Li,Zixun Yang,Shumei Hu,Jin Wang,Baihui Zhang,Saloni Koshti,Junfeng Wang,Chenfeng Ji,Shoudong Guo 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.8

LXRα agonists have attracted signifi cant attentiondue to their potential biological activities on promotingcholesterol effl ux. This study was designed to investigatewhether setosphapyrone C and D have potential lipid-loweringcapacity and the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Ourdata showed that setosphapyrone C and D had weak cytotoxicitycompared to the liver X receptor α (LXRα) agonistT0901317. In RAW 264.7 macrophages, setosphapyroneC and D signifi cantly enhanced [ 3 H]-cholesterol effl ux by~ 21.3% and 32.4%, respectively; furthermore, setosphapyroneC and D enhanced the protein levels of ATP-bindingcassette transporter (ABC) A1 and LXRα by 58% and 69%,and 60% and 70% (8 μM), respectively; however, they had noeff ect on the protein levels of ABCG1 and scavenger receptorB type 1; additionally, they had minor eff ect on the mRNAexpression of lipogenic genes. Of note, setosphapyrone C and D signifi cantly enhanced LXRα/ABCA1pathway inmice primary macrophages. In BRL cells, setosphapyroneC and D signifi cantly improved the protein levels of ABCA1and ABCG1; setosphapyrone D signifi cantly enhanced theprotein expression of low-density lipoprotein. Collectively,setosphapyrone C and D with weak cytotoxicity exhibitedeff ective lipid-lowering eff ect via enhancing LXRα/ABCpathways. Setosphapyrones possess potential applicationfor the treatment of hyperlipidemic diseases.

Capacity Bounds on the Ergodic Capacity of Distributed MIMO Systems over K Fading Channels

( Xingwang Li ),( Junfeng Wang ),( Lihua Li ),( Charles C. Cavalcante ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.7

The performance of D-MIMO systems is not only affected by multipath fading but also from shadowing fading, as well as path loss. In this paper, we investigate the ergodic capacity of D-MIMO systems operating in non-correlated fading (Rayleigh/Gamma) channels. With the aid of majorization and Minkowski theory, we derive analytical closed-form expressions of the upper and lower bounds on the ergodic capacity for D-MIMO systems over non-correlated K fading channels, which are quite general and applicable for arbitrary signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the number of transceiver antennas. To intuitively reveal the impacts of system and fading parameters on the ergodic capacity, we deduce asymptotic approximations in the high and low SNR regimes. Finally, we pursue the massive MIMO systems analysis for the lower bound and derive closed-form expressions when the number of antennas at BS grows large, and when the number of antennas at transceivers becomes large with a fixed and finite ratio. It is demonstrated that the proposed expressions on the ergodic capacity accurately match with the theoretical analysis.

Coral‑Like NiFe2O4/C Composite as the High‑Performance Anode Material for Lithium‑Ion Batteries

Shanshan Bao,Yifei Xiao,Junfeng Li,Bo Yue,Yanjun Li,Wenxian Sun,Lei Liu,Yi Huang,Li Wang,Peicong Zhang,Xuefei Lai 대한금속·재료학회 2020 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.16 No.3

In this work, we fabricated NiFe2O4/C composite with a coral-like structure through co-precipitation approach followed bythermal decomposition. The composite with a large surface area of 162.1 m2 g−1 and an average pore size of 11.8 nm wasobtained. The porous structure in the composite derived from oxalate can Effectively accommodate the volume changesof NiFe2O4 during the cycling processes. When used as anode materials, the initial charge and discharge capacities of thecomposite were 926.7 and 1277.7 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1. After 50 cycles, the reversible capacity of NiFe2O4/C could stillremain at 892.4 mAh g−1. Even at a current density of 2000 mA g−1, the reversible capacity still reached 523.3 mAh g−1. The results showed that the synergy between NiFe2O4 and carbon improved the electrochemical performance, and the porouscomposite could stabilize the structure of the electrode.

Detection of Bobbin Yarn Surface Defects by Visual Saliency Analysis

Junfeng Jing,Haiye Li,Huanhuan Zhang,Zebin Su,Kaibing Zhang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.11

In order to solve the problem of unstable quality of the traditional bobbin yarn surface defect detection, a methodfor detecting the surface defect of bobbin yarn using visual saliency analysis is proposed. Firstly, the Difference of Gaussianalgorithm is used to suppress the texture of the image, and the contrast between the defect area and the background isenhanced. Then, the method of wavelet threshold is applied to filter the noise in the images after the Difference of Gaussian,and the detailed features of the defect area are preserved while the noise interference is eliminated. Finally, the frequencytuned visual saliency algorithm is used to extract and segment the defective regions accurately. After the process about theDifference of Gaussian and wavelet threshold denoising, the original image of the bobbin yarn can make the image highlightthe feature information of the defect area on the basis of ensuring elimination of the background texture and noise, andfacilitate the detection of the defect area by combining visual saliency analysis. In the detection of the accuracy and integrityof the defect area, the detection method of this paper is better than the control method, and the defect segmentation result ismore accurate. The proposed method for detecting the surface defect of the bobbin can not only completely eliminate theinfluence of the background texture of the bobbin surface, but also accurately and completely detect the surface defect of thebobbin, and the defect details remain intact. In this paper, the effectiveness of the algorithm is further verified by objectivetests. The precision and recall rate of the test are 95.15 % and 98.00 %, respectively, which can meet the needs of actualdetection.

Automated Fabric Defect Detection Based on Multiple Gabor Filters and KPCA

Junfeng Jing,Xiaoting Fan,Pengfei Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.6

A new detection approach is proposed to detect various uniform and structured fabric defects based on the multiple Gabor filters and Kernel Principal Component Analysis. First of all, images are filtered by multiple Gabor filters with six scales and four orientations to extract feature vectors. After that, the sub-blocks divided from the feature vectors have been fused and the high-dimension data can be reduced by using Kernel Principal Component Analysis. Finally, the similarity matrix is calculated by Euclidean norm and segmented with OTSU threshold method. The experiment has been done by integrating hardware and NI LabVIEW graphical programming language. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm improves feature extraction capability significantly and has high recognition rate.

Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Alternating Conjugated Polymers Derived from Thiophene-Benzothiadiazole Block and Fluorene/Indenofluorene Units

Li, Jianfeng,Tong, Junfeng,Zhang, Peng,Yang, Chunyan,Chen, Dejia,Zhu, Yuancheng,Xia, Yangjun,Fan, Duowang Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.2

A new donor-accepter-donor-accepter-donor (D-A-D-A-D) type 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-thiophene-based acceptor unit 2,5-di(4-(5-bromo-4-octylthiophen-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-7-yl)thiophene ($DTBTTBr_2$) was synthesized. Copolymerized with fluorene and indeno[1,2-b]fluorene electron-rich moieties, two alternating narrow band gap (NBG) copolymers PF-DTBTT and PIF-DTBTT were prepared. And two copolymers exhibit broad and strong absorption in the range of 300-700 nm with optical band gap of about 1.75 eV. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels vary between -5.43 and -5.52 eV and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels range from -3.64 to -3.77 eV. Potential applications of the copolymers as electron donor material and $PC_{71}BM$ ([6,6]-phenyl-$C_{71}$ butyric acid methyl ester) as electron acceptors were investigated for photovoltaic solar cells (PSCs). Photovoltaic performances based on the blend of PF-DTBTT/$PC_{71}BM$ (w:w; 1:2) and PIF-DTBTT/$PC_{71}BM$ (w:w; 1:2) with devices configuration as ITO/PEDOT: PSS/blend/Ca/Al, show an incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 2.34% and 2.56% with the open circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) of 0.87 V and 0.90 V, short circuit current density ($J_{sc}$) of $6.02mA/cm^2$ and $6.12mA/cm^2$ under an AM1.5 simulator ($100mA/cm^2$). The photocurrent responses exhibit the onset wavelength extending up to 720 nm. These results indicate that the resulted narrow band gap copolymers are viable electron donor materials for polymer solar cells.